1 # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
2 # Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 # This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
4 # FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
8 "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
9 "POT-Creation-Date: 2015-01-23 22:24+0900\n"
10 "PO-Revision-Date: 2015-01-25 01:03+0900\n"
11 "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
12 "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
15 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
16 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
19 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:25
25 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:25
31 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:25 build/C/man2/futex.2:53
32 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:29 build/C/man2/getunwind.2:27
33 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:26 build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:27
34 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:24 build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:8
35 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:26 build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:8
36 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:27 build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:27
37 #: build/C/man2/personality.2:32 build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:10
38 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:29 build/C/man2/ptrace.2:46
39 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:27 build/C/man2/sendfile.2:19
40 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:25 build/C/man2/splice.2:26
41 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:26 build/C/man2/vm86.2:26 build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:26
47 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:25 build/C/man2/futex.2:53
48 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:27 build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:26
49 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:27 build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:24
50 #: build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:8 build/C/man2/outb.2:26
51 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:8 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:27
52 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:27 build/C/man2/personality.2:32
53 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:10 build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:29
54 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:46 build/C/man2/quotactl.2:27
55 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:19 build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:25
56 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:26 build/C/man2/tee.2:26 build/C/man2/vm86.2:26
57 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:26
59 msgid "Linux Programmer's Manual"
60 msgstr "Linux Programmer's Manual"
63 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:26 build/C/man2/futex.2:54
64 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:30 build/C/man2/getunwind.2:28
65 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:27 build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:28
66 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:25 build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:9
67 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:27 build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:9
68 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:28 build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:28
69 #: build/C/man2/personality.2:33 build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:11
70 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:30 build/C/man2/ptrace.2:47
71 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:28 build/C/man2/sendfile.2:20
72 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:26 build/C/man2/splice.2:27
73 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:27 build/C/man2/vm86.2:27 build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:27
79 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:28
80 msgid "arch_prctl - set architecture-specific thread state"
81 msgstr "arch_prctl - アーキテクチャ固有のスレッド状態を設定する"
84 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:28 build/C/man2/futex.2:56
85 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:32 build/C/man2/getunwind.2:30
86 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:29 build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:30
87 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:27 build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:11
88 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:31 build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:11
89 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:30 build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:30
90 #: build/C/man2/personality.2:35 build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:13
91 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:32 build/C/man2/ptrace.2:49
92 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:30 build/C/man2/sendfile.2:22
93 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:28 build/C/man2/splice.2:29
94 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:29 build/C/man2/vm86.2:29 build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:29
100 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:31
102 msgid "B<#include E<lt>asm/prctl.hE<gt>>\n"
103 msgstr "B<#include E<lt>asm/prctl.hE<gt>>\n"
106 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:33
108 msgid "B<#include E<lt>sys/prctl.hE<gt>>\n"
109 msgstr "B<#include E<lt>sys/prctl.hE<gt>>\n"
112 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:36
115 "B<int arch_prctl(int >I<code>B<, unsigned long >I<addr>B<);>\n"
116 "B<int arch_prctl(int >I<code>B<, unsigned long *>I<addr>B<);>\n"
117 msgstr "B<int arch_prctl(int >I<code>B<, unsigned long *>I<addr>B<);>\n"
119 #. Return type was long before glibc 2.7
121 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:37 build/C/man2/futex.2:70
122 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:45 build/C/man2/getunwind.2:40
123 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:39 build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:32
124 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:36 build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:18
125 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:62 build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:22
126 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:42 build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:39
127 #: build/C/man2/personality.2:39 build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:18
128 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:66 build/C/man2/ptrace.2:56
129 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:38 build/C/man2/sendfile.2:47
130 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:34 build/C/man2/splice.2:39
131 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:38 build/C/man2/vm86.2:35 build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:39
137 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:52
138 msgid "The B<arch_prctl>() function sets architecture-specific process or thread state. I<code> selects a subfunction and passes argument I<addr> to it; I<addr> is interpreted as either an I<unsigned long> for the \"set\" operations, or as an I<unsigned long\\ *>, for the \"get\" operations."
139 msgstr "B<arch_prctl>() 関数はアーキテクチャ固有のプロセス状態またはスレッド状態を設定する。 I<code> は副機能を選択し、引き数 I<addr> を副機能に渡す。 I<addr> は、\"set\" 操作では I<unsigned long> として、\"get\" 操作では I<unsigned long\\ *> として解釈される。"
142 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:54
143 msgid "Subfunctions for x86-64 are:"
144 msgstr "x86-64 の副機能は以下の通り:"
147 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:54
149 msgid "B<ARCH_SET_FS>"
150 msgstr "B<ARCH_SET_FS>"
153 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:60
154 msgid "Set the 64-bit base for the I<FS> register to I<addr>."
155 msgstr "I<FS> レジスタの 64 ビットベースを I<addr> に設定する。"
158 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:60
160 msgid "B<ARCH_GET_FS>"
161 msgstr "B<ARCH_GET_FS>"
164 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:68
165 msgid "Return the 64-bit base value for the I<FS> register of the current thread in the I<unsigned long> pointed to by I<addr>."
166 msgstr "現在のスレッドの I<FS> レジスタの 64 ビットベース値を、 I<addr> が指す I<unsigned long> の領域に格納する。"
169 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:68
171 msgid "B<ARCH_SET_GS>"
172 msgstr "B<ARCH_SET_GS>"
175 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:74
176 msgid "Set the 64-bit base for the I<GS> register to I<addr>."
177 msgstr "I<GS> レジスタの 64 ビットベースを I<addr> に設定する。"
180 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:74
182 msgid "B<ARCH_GET_GS>"
183 msgstr "B<ARCH_GET_GS>"
186 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:82
187 msgid "Return the 64-bit base value for the I<GS> register of the current thread in the I<unsigned long> pointed to by I<addr>."
188 msgstr "現在のスレッドの I<GS> レジスタの 64 ビットベース値を、 I<addr> が指す I<unsigned long> の領域に格納する。"
191 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:82 build/C/man2/futex.2:216
192 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:78 build/C/man2/getunwind.2:81
193 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:117 build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:43
194 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:98 build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:53
195 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:50 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2551
196 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:190 build/C/man2/personality.2:62
197 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:101 build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:225
198 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1896 build/C/man2/quotactl.2:419
199 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:108 build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:88
200 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:135 build/C/man2/tee.2:85 build/C/man2/vm86.2:54
201 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:117
207 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:88
208 msgid "On success, B<arch_prctl>() returns 0; on error, -1 is returned, and I<errno> is set to indicate the error."
209 msgstr "成功すると、 B<arch_prctl>() は 0 を返す。エラーの場合、-1 を返し、 I<errno> をエラーを示す値に設定する。"
212 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:88 build/C/man2/futex.2:241
213 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:85 build/C/man2/getunwind.2:88
214 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:124 build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:50
215 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:108 build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:77
216 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2557 build/C/man2/personality.2:69
217 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:105 build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:245
218 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1911 build/C/man2/quotactl.2:427
219 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:115 build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:91
220 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:150 build/C/man2/tee.2:100 build/C/man2/vm86.2:59
221 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:126
227 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:89 build/C/man2/futex.2:256
228 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:112 build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:51
229 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:109 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2603
230 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:267 build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:272
231 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1915 build/C/man2/quotactl.2:428
232 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:125 build/C/man2/vm86.2:60
238 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:93
239 msgid "I<addr> points to an unmapped address or is outside the process address space."
240 msgstr "I<addr> がアンマップされたアドレスを指しているか、プロセスのアドレス空間の外にある。"
243 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:93 build/C/man2/futex.2:268
244 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:89 build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:129
245 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:54 build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:113
246 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:78 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2608
247 #: build/C/man2/personality.2:70 build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:114
248 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:246 build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:257
249 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:261 build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1926
250 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:434 build/C/man2/quotactl.2:501
251 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:128 build/C/man2/splice.2:161
252 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:107 build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:137
258 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:97
259 msgid "I<code> is not a valid subcommand."
260 msgstr "I<code> が有効なサブコマンドでない。"
263 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:97 build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:99
264 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:136 build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:65
265 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:105 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2675
266 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:120 build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:283
267 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1936 build/C/man2/quotactl.2:456
268 #: build/C/man2/vm86.2:68
274 #. Man page written by Andi Kleen.
276 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:103
277 msgid "I<addr> is outside the process address space."
278 msgstr "I<addr> がプロセスのアドレス空間の外にある。"
281 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:103 build/C/man2/futex.2:303
282 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:96 build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:145
283 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:78 build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:130
284 #: build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:58 build/C/man2/outb.2:87
285 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:112 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2696
286 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:199 build/C/man2/personality.2:73
287 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:128 build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:295
288 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1954 build/C/man2/sendfile.2:148
289 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:97 build/C/man2/splice.2:184
290 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:125 build/C/man2/vm86.2:73 build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:153
292 msgid "CONFORMING TO"
296 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:107
297 msgid "B<arch_prctl>() is a Linux/x86-64 extension and should not be used in programs intended to be portable."
298 msgstr "B<arch_prctl>() は Linux/x86-64 拡張であり、移植性を意図したプログラムでは使うべきでない。"
301 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:107 build/C/man2/futex.2:305
302 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:118 build/C/man2/getunwind.2:99
303 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:147 build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:81
304 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:133 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2701
305 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:202 build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:131
306 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:297 build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1956
307 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:155 build/C/man2/splice.2:186
308 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:127 build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:155
314 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:110
315 msgid "B<arch_prctl>() is supported only on Linux/x86-64 for 64-bit programs currently."
316 msgstr "B<arch_prctl>() は現在のところ Linux/x86-64 上の 64 ビットプログラムでのみサポートされている。"
319 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:112
320 msgid "The 64-bit base changes when a new 32-bit segment selector is loaded."
321 msgstr "新しい 32 ビットセグメントセレクタがロードされた場合、 64 ビットベースは変更される。"
324 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:115
325 msgid "B<ARCH_SET_GS> is disabled in some kernels."
326 msgstr "B<ARCH_SET_GS> が無効にされているカーネルもある。"
329 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:130
330 msgid "Context switches for 64-bit segment bases are rather expensive. It may be a faster alternative to set a 32-bit base using a segment selector by setting up an LDT with B<modify_ldt>(2) or using the B<set_thread_area>(2) system call in kernel 2.5 or later. B<arch_prctl>() is needed only when you want to set bases that are larger than 4GB. Memory in the first 2GB of address space can be allocated by using B<mmap>(2) with the B<MAP_32BIT> flag."
331 msgstr "64 ビットセグメントベースのコンテキストスイッチは、やや高価である。 LDT を B<modify_ldt>(2) で設定してセグメントセレクタを使うか、 (カーネル 2.5 以降の) B<set_thread_area>(2) システムコールを使うことにより、 32 ビットベースを設定するという高速な代替手段もある。 4GB より大きなベースを設定したい場合にのみ、 B<arch_prctl>() が必要である。 アドレス空間の最初の 2GB にあるメモリは、 B<mmap>(2) に B<MAP_32BIT> フラグを指定して割り当てることができる。"
334 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:135
335 msgid "As of version 2.7, glibc provides no prototype for B<arch_prctl>(). You have to declare it yourself for now. This may be fixed in future glibc versions."
336 msgstr "バージョン 2.7 時点では、glibc には B<arch_prctl>() のプロトタイプがない。 今のところユーザは自分自身で宣言する必要がある。 これは将来の glibc のバージョンで修正されるかもしれない。"
339 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:138
340 msgid "I<FS> may be already used by the threading library."
341 msgstr "I<FS> はスレッドライブラリで既に使われているかもしれない。"
344 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:138 build/C/man2/futex.2:319
345 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:127 build/C/man2/getunwind.2:111
346 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:162 build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:136
347 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:96 build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:114
348 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2832 build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:205
349 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:143 build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:347
350 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:2122 build/C/man2/quotactl.2:507
351 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:197 build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:99
352 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:240 build/C/man2/tee.2:214
353 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:164
359 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:143
360 msgid "B<mmap>(2), B<modify_ldt>(2), B<prctl>(2), B<set_thread_area>(2)"
361 msgstr "B<mmap>(2), B<modify_ldt>(2), B<prctl>(2), B<set_thread_area>(2)"
364 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:145
365 msgid "AMD X86-64 Programmer's manual"
366 msgstr "AMD X86-64 Programmer's manual"
369 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:145 build/C/man2/futex.2:333
370 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:136 build/C/man2/getunwind.2:113
371 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:165 build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:88
372 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:138 build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:60
373 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:99 build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:116
374 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2838 build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:209
375 #: build/C/man2/personality.2:77 build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:149
376 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:350 build/C/man2/ptrace.2:2137
377 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:512 build/C/man2/sendfile.2:203
378 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:103 build/C/man2/splice.2:244
379 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:217 build/C/man2/vm86.2:76 build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:167
385 #: build/C/man2/arch_prctl.2:153 build/C/man2/futex.2:341
386 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:144 build/C/man2/getunwind.2:121
387 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:173 build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:96
388 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:146 build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:68
389 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:107 build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:124
390 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2846 build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:217
391 #: build/C/man2/personality.2:85 build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:157
392 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:358 build/C/man2/ptrace.2:2145
393 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:520 build/C/man2/sendfile.2:211
394 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:111 build/C/man2/splice.2:252
395 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:225 build/C/man2/vm86.2:84 build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:175
396 msgid "This page is part of release 3.78 of the Linux I<man-pages> project. A description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the latest version of this page, can be found at \\%http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/."
398 "この man ページは Linux I<man-pages> プロジェクトのリリース 3.78 の一部\n"
399 "である。プロジェクトの説明とバグ報告に関する情報は\n"
400 "http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/ に書かれている。"
403 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:53
409 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:53
415 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:56
416 msgid "futex - fast user-space locking"
417 msgstr "futex - 高速ユーザ空間ロック"
420 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:61
423 "B<#include E<lt>linux/futex.hE<gt>>\n"
424 "B<#include E<lt>sys/time.hE<gt>>\n"
426 "B<#include E<lt>linux/futex.hE<gt>>\n"
427 "B<#include E<lt>sys/time.hE<gt>>\n"
430 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:64
432 msgid "B<int futex(int *>I<uaddr>B<, int >I<op>B<, int >I<val>B<, const struct timespec *>I<timeout>B<,>\n"
433 msgstr "B<int futex(int *>I<uaddr>B<, int >I<op>B<, int >I<val>B<, const struct timespec *>I<timeout>B<,>\n"
435 #. int *? void *? u32 *?
437 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:67
439 msgid "B< int *>I<uaddr2>B<, int >I<val3>B<);>\n"
440 msgstr "B< int *>I<uaddr2>B<, int >I<val3>B<);>\n"
443 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:70 build/C/man2/getunwind.2:40
444 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:39 build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:36
445 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:42 build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:39
446 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:18
447 msgid "I<Note>: There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES."
448 msgstr "I<注>: このシステムコールには glibc のラッパー関数は存在しない。「注意」の節を参照。"
451 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:86
452 msgid "The B<futex>() system call provides a method for a program to wait for a value at a given address to change, and a method to wake up anyone waiting on a particular address (while the addresses for the same memory in separate processes may not be equal, the kernel maps them internally so the same memory mapped in different locations will correspond for B<futex>() calls). This system call is typically used to implement the contended case of a lock in shared memory, as described in B<futex>(7)."
453 msgstr "B<futex>() システムコールは、 指定したアドレスの値が変更されるのをプログラムが待つ手段や 特定のアドレスに対して待機中のプロセスを wake (起床) させる手段を提供する (プロセスが異なれば同じメモリに対するアドレスも同じではないかもしれないが、 カーネルは異なる位置にマップされた同じメモリを B<futex>() で使えるよう内部でマップする)。 通常は、このシステムコールは B<futex>(7) に書かれているように、 共有メモリ中のロックが競合する場合の処理を実装するのに用いられる。"
456 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:93
457 msgid "When a B<futex>(7) operation did not finish uncontended in user space, a call needs to be made to the kernel to arbitrate. Arbitration can either mean putting the calling process to sleep or, conversely, waking a waiting process."
458 msgstr "B<futex>(7) の操作がユーザ空間で競合なく完了しなかった場合、 カーネルに仲裁させるためにシステムコールを呼ぶ必要がある。 仲裁というのは、呼び出しプロセスを sleep (起床待ち) させたり、反対に 待ちプロセスを wake させたりすることを意味する。"
461 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:100
462 msgid "Callers of this function are expected to adhere to the semantics as set out in B<futex>(7). As these semantics involve writing nonportable assembly instructions, this in turn probably means that most users will in fact be library authors and not general application developers."
463 msgstr "この関数を呼び出すプロセスは B<futex>(7) に記述されているセマンティクスに忠実であることが要求される。 このセマンティクスには移植不可能なアセンブリ命令を書くことが含まれる。 このことは言い換えると futex のユーザのほとんどは実際はライブラリの作者であり、 一般アプリケーションの開発者ではないということである。"
466 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:108
467 msgid "The I<uaddr> argument needs to point to an aligned integer which stores the counter. The operation to execute is passed via the I<op> argument, along with a value I<val>."
468 msgstr "I<uaddr> 引き数は、カウンタを格納する、 アラインメントの揃った int 型変数を指している必要がある。 実行する操作は I<op> 引き数を介して、値 I<val> とともに渡される。"
471 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:110
472 msgid "Five operations are currently defined:"
473 msgstr "現在のところ 5 つの操作が定義されている:"
476 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:110 build/C/man2/futex.2:223
478 msgid "B<FUTEX_WAIT>"
479 msgstr "B<FUTEX_WAIT>"
482 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:133
483 msgid "This operation atomically verifies that the futex address I<uaddr> still contains the value I<val>, and sleeps awaiting B<FUTEX_WAKE> on this futex address. If the I<timeout> argument is non-NULL, its contents specify the duration of the wait. (This interval will be rounded up to the system clock granularity, and kernel scheduling delays mean that the blocking interval may overrun by a small amount.) If I<timeout> is NULL, the call blocks indefinitely. The arguments I<uaddr2> and I<val3> are ignored."
484 msgstr "この操作は futex アドレス I<uaddr> に指定された値 I<val> がまだ格納されているかどうかを不可分操作で検証し、 sleep 状態で この futex アドレスに対して B<FUTEX_WAKE> が実行されるのを待つ。 I<timeout> 引き数が NULL でない場合、その内容は待ち時間の最大値を表す (この停止時間はシステムクロックの粒度に切り上げられ、 カーネルのスケジューリング遅延により少しだけ長くなる可能性がある)。 NULL の場合、 呼び出しは無限に停止する。 引き数 I<uaddr2> と I<val3> は無視される。"
487 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:141
488 msgid "For B<futex>(7), this call is executed if decrementing the count gave a negative value (indicating contention), and will sleep until another process releases the futex and executes the B<FUTEX_WAKE> operation."
489 msgstr "B<futex>(7) に照らし合わせると、この呼び出しは カウントのデクリメントで負の値 (競合を表す) になった場合に実行され、 別のプロセスがその futex を解放し B<FUTEX_WAKE> の操作を実行するまで sleep する。"
492 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:141 build/C/man2/futex.2:229
494 msgid "B<FUTEX_WAKE>"
495 msgstr "B<FUTEX_WAKE>"
498 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:152
499 msgid "This operation wakes at most I<val> processes waiting on this futex address (i.e., inside B<FUTEX_WAIT>). The arguments I<timeout>, I<uaddr2> and I<val3> are ignored."
500 msgstr "この操作では指定した futex アドレスに対して待ち状態の (すなわち B<FUTEX_WAIT> 中の) 最大 I<val> 個のプロセスを wake させる。 引き数 I<timeout>, I<uaddr2>, I<val3> は無視される。"
503 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:158
504 msgid "For B<futex>(7), this is executed if incrementing the count showed that there were waiters, once the futex value has been set to 1 (indicating that it is available)."
505 msgstr "B<futex>(4) に照らし合わせると、 この操作は カウントのインクリメントで待ちプロセスがあると判明し、 futex 値が 1 に設定された (利用可能であることを表す) 場合に実行される。"
508 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:158
510 msgid "B<FUTEX_FD> (present up to and including Linux 2.6.25)"
511 msgstr "B<FUTEX_FD> (Linux 2.6.25 以前)"
513 #. , suitable for .BR poll (2).
515 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:174
516 msgid "To support asynchronous wakeups, this operation associates a file descriptor with a futex. If another process executes a B<FUTEX_WAKE>, the process will receive the signal number that was passed in I<val>. The calling process must close the returned file descriptor after use. The arguments I<timeout>, I<uaddr2> and I<val3> are ignored."
517 msgstr "非同期の wake に対応するため、この操作はファイルディスクリプタを futex に 関連づける。 別のプロセスが B<FUTEX_WAKE> を実行すると、プロセスは I<val> で渡されたシグナル番号のシグナルを受信する。 呼び出しプロセスは使用後、返されたファイルディスクリプタを クローズしなければならない。 引き数 I<timeout>, I<uaddr2>, I<val3> は無視される。"
520 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:179
521 msgid "To prevent race conditions, the caller should test if the futex has been upped after B<FUTEX_FD> returns."
522 msgstr "競合状態を防止するため、呼び出しプロセスは B<FUTEX_FD> が返ったあと futex が up されたかどうかを確認しなければならない。"
525 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:183
526 msgid "Because it was inherently racy, B<FUTEX_FD> has been removed from Linux 2.6.26 onward."
527 msgstr "B<FUTEX_FD> はもともと競合が起きやすかったため、 Linux 2.6.26 以降で削除されている。"
530 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:183
532 msgid "B<FUTEX_REQUEUE> (since Linux 2.5.70)"
533 msgstr "B<FUTEX_REQUEUE> (Linux 2.5.70 以降)"
536 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:198
537 msgid "This operation was introduced in order to avoid a \"thundering herd\" effect when B<FUTEX_WAKE> is used and all processes woken up need to acquire another futex. This call wakes up I<val> processes, and requeues all other waiters on the futex at address I<uaddr2>. The arguments I<timeout> and I<val3> are ignored."
538 msgstr "この操作は、 B<FUTEX_WAKE> が使われていて、かつ wake されている全てのプロセスが 他の futex を取得する必要がある場合に、 「獣の群れの暴走 (thundering herd)」効果を避けるために導入された。 この呼び出しは I<val> 個のプロセスを wake し、アドレス I<uaddr2> で futex を待っている他の全てのプロセスを再度キューにいれる。 引き数 I<timeout> と I<val3> は無視される。"
541 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:198
543 msgid "B<FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE> (since Linux 2.6.7)"
544 msgstr "B<FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE> (Linux 2.6.7 以降)"
547 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:216
548 msgid "There was a race in the intended use of B<FUTEX_REQUEUE>, so B<FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE> was introduced. This is similar to B<FUTEX_REQUEUE>, but first checks whether the location I<uaddr> still contains the value I<val3>. If not, the operation fails with the error B<EAGAIN>. The argument I<timeout> is ignored."
549 msgstr "故意に B<FUTEX_REQUEUE> を使う場合に競合が起こるため、 B<FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE> が導入された。これは B<FUTEX_REQUEUE> と似ているが、場所 I<uaddr> に値 I<val3> がまだ保持されているかを最初にチェックする。 保持されていない場合、操作はエラー B<EAGAIN> で失敗する。引き数 I<timeout> は無視される。"
552 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:223
553 msgid "In the event of an error, all operations return -1, and set I<errno> to indicate the error. The return value on success depends on the operation, as described in the following list:"
554 msgstr "エラーの場合、全ての操作で -1 が返り、 I<errno> がエラーの内容を示す値に設定される。成功時の返り値は操作によって異なり、以下のリストに書かれている通りである。"
557 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:229
558 msgid "Returns 0 if the process was woken by a B<FUTEX_WAKE> call. See ERRORS for the various possible error returns."
559 msgstr "そのプロセスが B<FUTEX_WAKE> により wake された場合 0 を返す。発生する可能性があるエラーについては「エラー」の節を参照。"
562 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:232 build/C/man2/futex.2:238 build/C/man2/futex.2:241
563 msgid "Returns the number of processes woken up."
564 msgstr "wake したプロセスの数を返す。"
567 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:232
573 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:235
574 msgid "Returns the new file descriptor associated with the futex."
575 msgstr "futex に関連づけられた新たなファイルディスクリプタを返す。"
578 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:235
580 msgid "B<FUTEX_REQUEUE>"
581 msgstr "B<FUTEX_REQUEUE>"
584 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:238
586 msgid "B<FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE>"
587 msgstr "B<FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE>"
590 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:242 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2579
591 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:486
597 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:245
598 msgid "No read access to futex memory."
599 msgstr "futex メモリに読み込みアクセス権がなかった。"
602 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:245 build/C/man2/sendfile.2:116
603 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:151 build/C/man2/tee.2:101
604 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:127
610 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:256
611 msgid "B<FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE> detected that the value pointed to by I<uaddr> is not equal to the expected value I<val3>. (This probably indicates a race; use the safe B<FUTEX_WAKE> now.)"
612 msgstr "B<FUTEX_CMP_REQUEUE> で、I<uaddr> が指す値が期待値 I<val3> と異なる状況が検出された。 (これは競合を示しているかもしれない。この場合は安全な B<FUTEX_WAKE> を使うこと。)"
615 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:261
616 msgid "Error retrieving I<timeout> information from user space."
617 msgstr "ユーザ空間から I<timeout> の情報を取得する際にエラーが発生した。"
620 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:261
626 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:268
627 msgid "A B<FUTEX_WAIT> operation was interrupted by a signal (see B<signal>(7)) or a spurious wakeup."
628 msgstr "B<FUTEX_WAIT> 操作がシグナル (B<signal>(7) 参照) もしくは偽の wakeup により中断された。"
631 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:271
632 msgid "Invalid argument."
636 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:271
642 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:274
643 msgid "The system limit on the total number of open files has been reached."
644 msgstr "オープンされているファイルの総数がシステムの制限に達した。"
647 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:274 build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:126
648 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:93 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2661
649 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:447 build/C/man2/vm86.2:64
655 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:278
656 msgid "Invalid operation specified in I<op>."
657 msgstr "I<op> に無効な操作が指定された。"
660 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:278
663 msgstr "B<ETIMEDOUT>"
666 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:283
667 msgid "Timeout during the B<FUTEX_WAIT> operation."
668 msgstr "B<FUTEX_WAIT> 操作でタイムアウトが発生した。"
671 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:283
673 msgid "B<EWOULDBLOCK>"
674 msgstr "B<EWOULDBLOCK>"
677 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:293
678 msgid "I<op> was B<FUTEX_WAIT> and the value pointed to by I<uaddr> was not equal to the expected value I<val> at the time of the call."
679 msgstr "I<op> が B<FUTEX_WAIT> で、その呼び出しにおいて I<uaddr> が指す値が期待値 I<val> と異なっていた。"
682 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:293 build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:116
683 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:94 build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:141
684 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:73 build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:196
685 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:125 build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:292
686 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:142 build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:94
687 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:179 build/C/man2/tee.2:120
688 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:148
694 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:303
695 msgid "Initial futex support was merged in Linux 2.5.7 but with different semantics from what was described above. A 4-argument system call with the semantics described in this page was introduced in Linux 2.5.40. In Linux 2.5.70, one argument was added. In Linux 2.6.7, a sixth argument was added\\(emmessy, especially on the s390 architecture."
696 msgstr "最初の futex 対応は Linux 2.5.7 で組み込まれたが、 上記のセマンティクスとは異なる。 4 つの引き数のここに書かれているセマンティクスを持つ システムコールは、Linux 2.5.40 で導入された。 Linux 2.5.70 では 1 つの引き数が追加された。 Linux 2.6.7 では 6 番目の引き数が追加された。 これは汚く、s390 アーキテクチャ上の特別のものである。"
699 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:305 build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:147
700 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:99 build/C/man2/splice.2:186
701 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:127 build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:155
702 msgid "This system call is Linux-specific."
703 msgstr "このシステムコールは Linux 固有である。"
707 #. Futexes were designed and worked on by
708 #. Hubertus Franke (IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center),
709 #. Matthew Kirkwood, Ingo Molnar (Red Hat)
710 #. and Rusty Russell (IBM Linux Technology Center).
711 #. This page written by bert hubert.
713 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:319
714 msgid "To reiterate, bare futexes are not intended as an easy-to-use abstraction for end-users. (There is no wrapper function for this system call in glibc.) Implementors are expected to be assembly literate and to have read the sources of the futex user-space library referenced below."
715 msgstr "繰り返すが、裸の futex はエンドユーザが容易に使うことのできる概念として 意図されたものではない (glibc にはこのシステムコールに対するラッパー関数はない)。 実装者は、アセンブリ言語に慣れており、以下に挙げる futex ユーザ空間ライブラリの ソースを読み終えていることが要求される。"
718 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:322
719 msgid "B<restart_syscall>(2), B<futex>(7)"
720 msgstr "B<restart_syscall>(2), B<futex>(7)"
723 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:325
724 msgid "I<Fuss, Futexes and Furwocks: Fast Userlevel Locking in Linux> (proceedings of the Ottawa Linux Symposium 2002), online at"
725 msgstr "I<Fuss, Futexes and Furwocks: Fast Userlevel Locking in Linux> (proceedings of the Ottawa Linux Symposium 2002), online at"
728 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:328
729 msgid "E<.UR http://kernel.org\\:/doc\\:/ols\\:/2002\\:/ols2002-pages-479-495.pdf> E<.UE>"
730 msgstr "E<.UR http://kernel.org\\:/doc\\:/ols\\:/2002\\:/ols2002-pages-479-495.pdf> E<.UE>"
733 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:330
734 msgid "Futex example library, futex-*.tar.bz2 at"
735 msgstr "futex の使用例ライブラリ, futex-*.tar.bz2"
738 #: build/C/man2/futex.2:333
739 msgid "E<.UR ftp://ftp.kernel.org\\:/pub\\:/linux\\:/kernel\\:/people\\:/rusty/> E<.UE>"
740 msgstr "E<.UR ftp://ftp.kernel.org\\:/pub\\:/linux\\:/kernel\\:/people\\:/rusty/> E<.UE>"
743 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:29
745 msgid "GET_ROBUST_LIST"
746 msgstr "GET_ROBUST_LIST"
749 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:29 build/C/man2/ptrace.2:46
755 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:29
757 msgid "Linux System Calls"
758 msgstr "Linux System Calls"
761 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:32
762 msgid "get_robust_list, set_robust_list - get/set list of robust futexes"
766 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:37
769 "B<#include E<lt>linux/futex.hE<gt>>\n"
770 "B<#include E<lt>sys/types.hE<gt>>\n"
771 "B<#include E<lt>syscall.hE<gt>>\n"
773 "B<#include E<lt>linux/futex.hE<gt>>\n"
774 "B<#include E<lt>sys/types.hE<gt>>\n"
775 "B<#include E<lt>syscall.hE<gt>>\n"
778 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:41
781 "B<long get_robust_list(int >I<pid>B<, struct robust_list_head **>I<head_ptr>B<,>\n"
782 "B< size_t *>I<len_ptr>B<);>\n"
783 "B<long set_robust_list(struct robust_list_head *>I<head>B<, size_t >I<len>B<);>\n"
787 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:45
788 msgid "I<Note>: There are no glibc wrappers for these system calls; see NOTES."
789 msgstr "I<注意>: これらのシステムコールには glibc ラッパー関数は存在しない。 「注意」の節を参照。"
792 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:50
793 msgid "The robust futex implementation needs to maintain per-thread lists of robust futexes which are unlocked when the thread exits. These lists are managed in user space; the kernel is notified about only the location of the head of the list."
797 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:66
798 msgid "The B<get_robust_list>() system call returns the head of the robust futex list of the thread whose thread ID is specified in I<pid>. If I<pid> is 0, the head of the list for the calling thread is returned. The list head is stored in the location pointed to by I<head_ptr>. The size of the object pointed to by I<**head_ptr> is stored in I<len_ptr>."
802 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:78
803 msgid "The B<set_robust_list>() system call requests the kernel to record the head of the list of robust futexes owned by the calling thread. The I<head> argument is the list head to record. The I<len> argument should be I<sizeof(*head)>."
807 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:85
808 msgid "The B<set_robust_list>() and B<get_robust_list>() system calls return zero when the operation is successful, an error code otherwise."
812 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:89
813 msgid "The B<set_robust_list>() system call can fail with the following error:"
817 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:95
818 msgid "I<len> does not match the size of structure B<struct robust_list_head> expected by kernel."
822 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:99
823 msgid "The B<get_robust_list>() system call can fail with the following errors:"
827 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:107
828 msgid "The calling process does not have permission to see the robust futex list of the thread with the thread ID I<pid>, and does not have the B<CAP_SYS_PTRACE> capability."
832 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:107 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2688
833 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:287 build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1949
834 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:461 build/C/man2/quotactl.2:504
840 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:112
841 msgid "No thread with the thread ID I<pid> could be found."
845 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:116
846 msgid "The head of the robust futex list can't be stored at the location I<head>."
850 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:118
851 msgid "These system calls were added in Linux 2.6.17."
852 msgstr "これらのシステムコールは Linux 2.6.17 で追加された。"
855 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:123
856 msgid "These system calls are not needed by normal applications. No support for them is provided in glibc. In the unlikely event that you want to call them directly, use B<syscall>(2)."
857 msgstr "通常のアプリケーションでは、これらのシステムコールは必要ではない。 glibc によるサポートは提供されていない。おそらくないと思うが、このシステムコールを直接呼び出したい場合は B<syscall>(2) を使うこと。"
860 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:127
861 msgid "A thread can have only one robust futex list; therefore applications that wish to use this functionality should use the robust mutexes provided by glibc."
864 #. .BR pthread_mutexattr_setrobust_np (3)
866 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:130
870 #. http://lwn.net/Articles/172149/
872 #: build/C/man2/get_robust_list.2:136
873 msgid "I<Documentation/robust-futexes.txt> and I<Documentation/robust-futex-ABI.txt> in the Linux kernel source tree"
877 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:27
883 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:27
889 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:30
890 msgid "getunwind - copy the unwind data to caller's buffer"
894 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:34
897 "B<#include E<lt>syscall.hE<gt>>\n"
898 "B<#include E<lt>linux/unwind.hE<gt>>\n"
900 "B<#include E<lt>syscall.hE<gt>>\n"
901 "B<#include E<lt>linux/unwind.hE<gt>>\n"
904 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:36
906 msgid "B<long getunwind(void >I<*buf>B<, size_t >I<buf_size>B<);>\n"
910 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:42
911 msgid "I<Note: this function is obsolete.>"
915 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:52
916 msgid "The IA-64-specific B<getunwind>() system call copies the kernel's call frame unwind data into the buffer pointed to by I<buf> and returns the size of the unwind data; this data describes the gate page (kernel code that is mapped into user space)."
920 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:64
921 msgid "The size of the buffer I<buf> is specified in I<buf_size>. The data is copied only if I<buf_size> is greater than or equal to the size of the unwind data and I<buf> is not NULL; otherwise, no data is copied, and the call succeeds, returning the size that would be needed to store the unwind data."
925 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:68
926 msgid "The first part of the unwind data contains an unwind table. The rest contains the associated unwind information, in no particular order. The unwind table contains entries of the following form:"
930 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:73
933 " u64 start; (64-bit address of start of function)\n"
934 " u64 end; (64-bit address of end of function)\n"
935 " u64 info; (BUF-relative offset to unwind info)\n"
939 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:81
940 msgid "An entry whose I<start> value is zero indicates the end of the table. For more information about the format, see the I<IA-64 Software Conventions and Runtime Architecture> manual."
944 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:88
945 msgid "On success, B<getunwind>() returns the size of the unwind data. On error, -1 is returned and I<errno> is set to indicate the error."
946 msgstr "成功すると、 B<getunwind> は unwind されたデータのサイズを返す。 エラーの場合、 -1 が返り、 I<errno> にエラーを示す値が設定される。"
949 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:94
950 msgid "B<getunwind>() fails with the error B<EFAULT> if the unwind info can't be stored in the space specified by I<buf>."
954 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:96
955 msgid "This system call is available since Linux 2.4."
959 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:99
960 msgid "This system call is Linux-specific, and is available only on the IA-64 architecture."
964 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:107
965 msgid "This system call has been deprecated. The modern way to obtain the kernel's unwind data is via the gate DSO. The address of the ELF header for this DSO is passed to user level via B<AT_SYSINFO_EHDR> (see B<getauxval>(3))."
969 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:111
970 msgid "Glibc does not provide a wrapper for this system call; in the unlikely event that you want to call it, use B<syscall>(2)."
971 msgstr "glibc はこのシステムコールに対するラッパー関数を提供していない。おそらくないと思うが、このシステムコールを呼び出したい場合は B<syscall>(2) を使うこと。"
974 #: build/C/man2/getunwind.2:113
975 msgid "B<getauxval>(3)"
976 msgstr "B<getauxval>(3)"
979 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:26
985 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:26 build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:29
991 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:29
992 msgid "kexec_load - load a new kernel for later execution"
993 msgstr "kexec_load - 新しいカーネルを後で実行するためにロードする"
996 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:31
997 msgid "B<#include E<lt>linux/kexec.hE<gt>>"
998 msgstr "B<#include E<lt>linux/kexec.hE<gt>>"
1001 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:33
1002 msgid "B<long kexec_load(unsigned long >I<entry>B<, unsigned long >I<nr_segments>B<,>"
1003 msgstr "B<long kexec_load(unsigned long >I<entry>B<, unsigned long >I<nr_segments>B<,>"
1006 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:36
1007 msgid "B< struct kexec_segment *>I<segments>B<, unsigned long >I<flags>B<);>"
1008 msgstr "B< struct kexec_segment *>I<segments>B<, unsigned long >I<flags>B<);>"
1011 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:44
1012 msgid "The B<kexec_load>() system call loads a new kernel that can be executed later by B<reboot>(2)."
1014 "B<kexec_load>() システムコールは、新しいカーネルをロードし、\n"
1015 "その後の B<reboot>(2) で実行できるようにする。"
1018 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:50
1019 msgid "The I<flags> argument is a bit mask that controls the operation of the call. The following values can be specified in I<flags>:"
1020 msgstr "I<flags> 引き数は、システムコールの呼び出しの動作を制御するマスクビットである。 I<flags> には以下の値を指定できる。"
1023 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:50
1025 msgid "B<KEXEC_ON_CRASH> (since Linux 2.6.13)"
1026 msgstr "B<KEXEC_ON_CRASH> (Linux 2.6.13 以降)"
1028 #. FIXME Explain in more detail how KEXEC_ON_CRASH is actually used
1030 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:54
1031 msgid "Execute the new kernel automatically on a system crash."
1032 msgstr "システムのクラッシュ時に、新しいカーネルを自動的に実行する。"
1035 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:54
1037 msgid "B<KEXEC_PRESERVE_CONTEXT> (since Linux 2.6.27)"
1038 msgstr "B<KEXEC_PRESERVE_CONTEXT> (Linux 2.6.27 以降)"
1041 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:64
1042 msgid "Preserve the system hardware and software states before executing the new kernel. This could be used for system suspend. This flag is available only if the kernel was configured with B<CONFIG_KEXEC_JUMP>, and is effective only if I<nr_segments> is greater than 0."
1045 "システムのハードウェアとソフトウェアの状態を保存する。\n"
1046 "システムの中断時 (suspend) などで使用できる。\n"
1047 "このフラグは、カーネルの設定で B<CONFIG_KEXEC_JUMP> が有効の場合のみ\n"
1048 "利用可能であり、 I<nr_segments> が 0 より大きい場合のみ効果がある。"
1051 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:85
1052 msgid "The high-order bits (corresponding to the mask 0xffff0000) of I<flags> contain the architecture of the to-be-executed kernel. Specify (OR) the constant B<KEXEC_ARCH_DEFAULT> to use the current architecture, or one of the following architecture constants B<KEXEC_ARCH_386>, B<KEXEC_ARCH_68K>, B<KEXEC_ARCH_X86_64>, B<KEXEC_ARCH_PPC>, B<KEXEC_ARCH_PPC64>, B<KEXEC_ARCH_IA_64>, B<KEXEC_ARCH_ARM>, B<KEXEC_ARCH_S390>, B<KEXEC_ARCH_SH>, B<KEXEC_ARCH_MIPS>, and B<KEXEC_ARCH_MIPS_LE>. The architecture must be executable on the CPU of the system."
1054 "I<flags> の上位ビット (マスク 0xffff0000 に対応) には、\n"
1055 "実行されるカーネルのアーキテクチャが入る。\n"
1056 "現在のアーキテクチャを使うことを意味する定数 B<KEXEC_ARCH_DEFAULT> か、\n"
1057 "アーキテクチャ定数 B<KEXEC_ARCH_386>, B<KEXEC_ARCH_68K>, B<KEXEC_ARCH_X86_64>,\n"
1058 "B<KEXEC_ARCH_PPC>, B<KEXEC_ARCH_PPC64>, B<KEXEC_ARCH_IA_64>,\n"
1059 "B<KEXEC_ARCH_ARM>, B<KEXEC_ARCH_S390>, B<KEXEC_ARCH_SH>,\n"
1060 "B<KEXEC_ARCH_MIPS>, B<KEXEC_ARCH_MIPS_LE> の\n"
1061 "いずれか一つを (OR で) 指定する。指定するアーキテクチャは、\n"
1062 "システムの CPU で実行可能なものでなければならない。"
1065 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:100
1066 msgid "The I<entry> argument is the physical entry address in the kernel image. The I<nr_segments> argument is the number of segments pointed to by the I<segments> pointer; the kernel imposes an (arbitrary) limit of 16 on the number of segments. The I<segments> argument is an array of I<kexec_segment> structures which define the kernel layout:"
1067 msgstr "I<entry> 引き数は、カーネルイメージの物理エントリーアドレスである。 I<nr_segments> 引き数は、 I<segments> ポインタが指すセグメントの数である。 なお、セグメント数には、カーネルにより 16 という (強制的な) 上限が課される。 I<segments> 引き数は I<kexec_segment> 構造体の配列で、 この構造体によりカーネルの配置が定義される。"
1070 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:109
1073 "struct kexec_segment {\n"
1074 " void *buf; /* Buffer in user space */\n"
1075 " size_t bufsz; /* Buffer length in user space */\n"
1076 " void *mem; /* Physical address of kernel */\n"
1077 " size_t memsz; /* Physical address length */\n"
1080 "struct kexec_segment {\n"
1081 " void *buf; /* Buffer in user space */\n"
1082 " size_t bufsz; /* Buffer length in user space */\n"
1083 " void *mem; /* Physical address of kernel */\n"
1084 " size_t memsz; /* Physical address length */\n"
1087 #. FIXME Explain the details of how the kernel image defined by segments
1088 #. is copied from the calling process into previously reserved memory.
1090 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:117
1091 msgid "The kernel image defined by I<segments> is copied from the calling process into previously reserved memory."
1093 "I<segments> で定義されたカーネルイメージは、\n"
1094 "呼び出したプロセスから予約済みメモリにコピーされる。"
1097 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:124
1098 msgid "On success, B<kexec_load>() returns 0. On error, -1 is returned and I<errno> is set to indicate the error."
1100 "成功すると、 B<kexec_load> は 0 を返す。\n"
1101 "エラーの場合、 -1 が返り、 I<errno> にエラーを示す値が設定される。"
1104 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:125 build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:110
1105 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1912 build/C/man2/quotactl.2:495
1111 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:129
1112 msgid "Another crash kernel is already being loaded or a crash kernel is already in use."
1114 "別のクラッシュカーネルがすでにロードされているか、\n"
1115 "クラッシュカーネルがすでに使用されている。"
1117 #. KEXEC_SEGMENT_MAX == 16
1119 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:136
1120 msgid "I<flags> is invalid; or I<nr_segments> is too large"
1121 msgstr "I<flags> が無効である。 I<nr_segments> が大きすぎる。"
1124 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:141
1125 msgid "The caller does not have the B<CAP_SYS_BOOT> capability."
1126 msgstr "呼び出し側が B<CAP_SYS_BOOT> ケーパビリティを持っていない。"
1129 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:145
1130 msgid "The B<kexec_load>() system call first appeared in Linux 2.6.13."
1131 msgstr "B<kexec_load>() システムコールは Linux 2.6.13 で初めて登場した。"
1134 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:152
1135 msgid "Currently, there is no glibc support for B<kexec_load>(). Call it using B<syscall>(2)."
1137 "現在のところ、 B<kexec_load>() は glibc ではサポートされていない。\n"
1138 "B<syscall>(2) を使って呼び出すこと。"
1140 #. FIXME . Andi submitted a patch for this.
1141 #. Check if it got accepted later.
1143 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:159
1144 msgid "The required constants are in the Linux kernel source file I<linux/kexec.h>, which is not currently exported to glibc. Therefore, these constants must be defined manually."
1146 "必要な定数は Linux カーネルのソースファイル I<linux/kexec.h> で定義されている\n"
1147 "が、現在のところ glibc には公開されていない。\n"
1148 "そのため、これらの定数は手動で定義しなければならない。"
1151 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:162
1152 msgid "This system call is available only if the kernel was configured with B<CONFIG_KEXEC>."
1154 "このシステムコールは、カーネルの設定で B<CONFIG_KEXEC> が有効になって\n"
1158 #: build/C/man2/kexec_load.2:165
1159 msgid "B<reboot>(2), B<syscall>(2)"
1160 msgstr "B<reboot>(2), B<syscall>(2)"
1163 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:27
1165 msgid "LOOKUP_DCOOKIE"
1166 msgstr "LOOKUP_DCOOKIE"
1169 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:27
1175 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:30
1176 msgid "lookup_dcookie - return a directory entry's path"
1177 msgstr "lookup_dcookie - ディレクトリ・エントリのパス名を返す"
1180 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:32
1181 msgid "B<int lookup_dcookie(u64 >I<cookie>B<, char *>I<buffer>B<, size_t >I<len>B<);>"
1182 msgstr "B<int lookup_dcookie(u64 >I<cookie>B<, char *>I<buffer>B<, size_t >I<len>B<);>"
1185 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:38
1186 msgid "Look up the full path of the directory entry specified by the value I<cookie>. The cookie is an opaque identifier uniquely identifying a particular directory entry. The buffer given is filled in with the full path of the directory entry."
1187 msgstr "I<cookie> 値で指定されたディレクトリ・エントリのフルパス名を検索する。 cookie は、個々のディレクトリ・エントリを区別する内部識別子 (opaque identifier) である。引き数で指定されたバッファに、ディレクトリ・エントリの フルパス名が格納される。"
1190 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:43
1191 msgid "For B<lookup_dcookie>() to return successfully, the kernel must still hold a cookie reference to the directory entry."
1192 msgstr "B<lookup_dcookie>() が正常に値を返すためには、カーネルがディレクトリ・エントリへの cookie 参照を 保持していなければならない。"
1195 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:50
1196 msgid "On success, B<lookup_dcookie>() returns the length of the path string copied into the buffer. On error, -1 is returned, and I<errno> is set appropriately."
1197 msgstr "成功した場合、 B<lookup_dcookie>() はバッファにコピーしたパス文字列の長さを返す。 エラーの場合は -1 を返し、 I<errno> に適切な値を設定する。"
1200 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:54
1201 msgid "The buffer was not valid."
1202 msgstr "バッファが有効でなかった。"
1205 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:58
1206 msgid "The kernel has no registered cookie/directory entry mappings at the time of lookup, or the cookie does not refer to a valid directory entry."
1207 msgstr "検索が行われた時、cookie とディレクトリ・エントリのマッピングがカーネルに 登録されていなかったか、または cookie が有効なディレクトリ・エントリを 参照していない。"
1210 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:58
1212 msgid "B<ENAMETOOLONG>"
1213 msgstr "B<ENAMETOOLONG>"
1216 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:61
1217 msgid "The name could not fit in the buffer."
1218 msgstr "名前がバッファに入り切らなかった。"
1221 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:61 build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:278
1222 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:138 build/C/man2/splice.2:169
1223 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:117 build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:145
1229 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:65
1230 msgid "The kernel could not allocate memory for the temporary buffer holding the path."
1231 msgstr "カーネルが、パス名を保持する一時バッファ用のメモリを割り当てることが できなかった。"
1234 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:70
1235 msgid "The process does not have the capability B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> required to look up cookie values."
1236 msgstr "プロセスが cookie 値を検索するのに必要なケーパビリティ B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> を持っていない。"
1239 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:70 build/C/man2/quotactl.2:474
1245 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:73
1246 msgid "The buffer was not large enough to hold the path of the directory entry."
1247 msgstr "バッファが、ディレクトリ・エントリのパス名を収容するのに 十分な大きさではなかった。"
1250 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:78
1251 msgid "Available since Linux 2.5.43. The B<ENAMETOOLONG> error return was added in 2.5.70."
1252 msgstr "Linux 2.5.43 以降で利用できる。 エラー B<ENAMETOOLONG> を返す仕様は 2.5.70 で追加された。"
1255 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:81
1256 msgid "B<lookup_dcookie>() is Linux-specific."
1257 msgstr "B<lookup_dcookie>() は Linux 独自の関数である。"
1260 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:85
1261 msgid "B<lookup_dcookie>() is a special-purpose system call, currently used only by the oprofile profiler. It relies on a kernel driver to register cookies for directory entries."
1262 msgstr "B<lookup_dcookie>() は特殊な用途に使われるシステムコールで、現在のところ oprofile profiler で 使われているだけである。"
1265 #: build/C/man2/lookup_dcookie.2:88
1266 msgid "The path returned may be suffixed by the string \" (deleted)\" if the directory entry has been removed."
1267 msgstr "指定されたディレクトリ・エントリが削除されていた場合、返されるパス名の最後に \" (deleted)\" という文字列が付加されることがある。"
1270 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:24
1276 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:24 build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:10
1282 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:27
1283 msgid "modify_ldt - get or set ldt"
1284 msgstr "modify_ldt - ldt を設定または取得する"
1287 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:30
1289 msgid "B<#include E<lt>sys/types.hE<gt>>\n"
1290 msgstr "B<#include E<lt>sys/types.hE<gt>>\n"
1293 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:32
1295 msgid "B<int modify_ldt(int >I<func>B<, void *>I<ptr>B<, unsigned long >I<bytecount>B<);>\n"
1296 msgstr "B<int modify_ldt(int >I<func>B<, void *>I<ptr>B<, unsigned long >I<bytecount>B<);>\n"
1299 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:41
1300 msgid "B<modify_ldt>() reads or writes the local descriptor table (ldt) for a process. The ldt is a per-process memory management table used by the i386 processor. For more information on this table, see an Intel 386 processor handbook."
1301 msgstr "B<modify_ldt>() はプロセスのローカル・ディスクリプタ・テーブル (local descriptor table; ldt) を読み書きする。 ldt は i386 プロセッサで使用されるプロセスごとのメモリ管理テーブルである。 このテーブルに関してのより詳しい情報は Intel 386 processor handbook を 参照すること。"
1304 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:51
1305 msgid "When I<func> is 0, B<modify_ldt>() reads the ldt into the memory pointed to by I<ptr>. The number of bytes read is the smaller of I<bytecount> and the actual size of the ldt."
1306 msgstr "I<func> が 0 ならば、 B<modify_ldt>() は ldt を I<ptr> が指しているメモリに読み込む。 読み込むバイト数は実際の ldt のサイズか I<bytecount> より小さい方である。"
1308 #. FIXME Should this page say something about func == 2 and func == 0x11?
1309 #. In Linux 2.4, func == 2 returned "the default ldt"
1310 #. In Linux 2.6, func == 2 is a nop, returning a zeroed out structure.
1311 #. Linux 2.4 and 2.6 implement an operation for func == 0x11
1313 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:69
1314 msgid "When I<func> is 1, B<modify_ldt>() modifies one ldt entry. I<ptr> points to a I<user_desc> structure and I<bytecount> must equal the size of this structure."
1315 msgstr "I<func> が 1 ならば、 B<modify_ldt>() は ldt エントリの一つを変更する。 I<ptr> は I<user_desc> 構造体を指し、 I<bytecount> はこの構造体の大きさに等しくなければならない。"
1318 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:73
1319 msgid "The I<user_desc> structure is defined in I<E<lt>asm/ldt.hE<gt>> as:"
1320 msgstr "I<user_desc> 構造体は I<E<lt>asm/ldt.hE<gt>> で以下のように定義されている:"
1323 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:87
1326 "struct user_desc {\n"
1327 " unsigned int entry_number;\n"
1328 " unsigned long base_addr;\n"
1329 " unsigned int limit;\n"
1330 " unsigned int seg_32bit:1;\n"
1331 " unsigned int contents:2;\n"
1332 " unsigned int read_exec_only:1;\n"
1333 " unsigned int limit_in_pages:1;\n"
1334 " unsigned int seg_not_present:1;\n"
1335 " unsigned int useable:1;\n"
1338 "struct user_desc {\n"
1339 " unsigned int entry_number;\n"
1340 " unsigned long base_addr;\n"
1341 " unsigned int limit;\n"
1342 " unsigned int seg_32bit:1;\n"
1343 " unsigned int contents:2;\n"
1344 " unsigned int read_exec_only:1;\n"
1345 " unsigned int limit_in_pages:1;\n"
1346 " unsigned int seg_not_present:1;\n"
1347 " unsigned int useable:1;\n"
1351 #. The ldt is specific for the calling process. Any attempts to change
1352 #. the ldt to include the address space of another process or the kernel
1353 #. will result in a segmentation violation when trying to access the memory
1354 #. outside of the process address space. The memory protection is enforced
1355 #. at the paging layer.
1357 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:98
1358 msgid "In Linux 2.4 and earlier, this structure was named I<modify_ldt_ldt_s>."
1359 msgstr "Linux 2.4 以前では、この構造体は I<modify_ldt_ldt_s> という名前であった。"
1362 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:108
1363 msgid "On success, B<modify_ldt>() returns either the actual number of bytes read (for reading) or 0 (for writing). On failure, B<modify_ldt>() returns -1 and sets I<errno> to indicate the error."
1364 msgstr "成功した場合は、 B<modify_ldt>() は (読み込みの場合は) 実際に読み込んだバイト数、 または (書き込みの場合は) 0 を返す。 失敗した場合は B<modify_ldt>() は -1 を返し、 I<errno> をエラーを示す値に設定する。"
1367 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:113
1368 msgid "I<ptr> points outside the address space."
1369 msgstr "I<ptr> がアドレス空間の外を指している。"
1372 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:126
1373 msgid "I<ptr> is 0, or I<func> is 1 and I<bytecount> is not equal to the size of the structure I<modify_ldt_ldt_s>, or I<func> is 1 and the new ldt entry has invalid values."
1374 msgstr "I<ptr> が 0 である、 または I<func> が 1 で I<bytecount> が I<modify_ldt_ldt_s> 構造体のサイズと等しくないか、 I<func> が 1 で新しい ldt エントリが無効な値である。"
1377 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:130
1378 msgid "I<func> is neither 0 nor 1."
1379 msgstr "I<func> が 0 でも 1 でもない。"
1382 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:133
1383 msgid "This call is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs intended to be portable."
1384 msgstr "このコールは Linux 特有であり、移植を意図したプログラムでは 使用してはいけない。"
1387 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:136 build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:205
1388 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:134
1389 msgid "Glibc does not provide a wrapper for this system call; call it using B<syscall>(2)."
1390 msgstr "glibc はこのシステムコールに対するラッパー関数を提供していない。 B<syscall>(2) を使って呼び出すこと。"
1393 #: build/C/man2/modify_ldt.2:138
1398 #: build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:8
1404 #: build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:8
1410 #: build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:11
1411 msgid "nfsservctl - syscall interface to kernel nfs daemon"
1412 msgstr "nfsservctl - カーネル nfs デーモンのためのインターフェース"
1415 #: build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:14
1417 msgid "B<#include E<lt>linux/nfsd/syscall.hE<gt>>\n"
1418 msgstr "B<#include E<lt>linux/nfsd/syscall.hE<gt>>\n"
1421 #: build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:17
1424 "B<long nfsservctl(int >I<cmd>B<, struct nfsctl_arg *>I<argp>B<,>\n"
1425 "B< union nfsctl_res *>I<resp>B<);>\n"
1427 "B<long nfsservctl(int >I<cmd>B<, struct nfsctl_arg *>I<argp>B<,>\n"
1428 "B< union nfsctl_res *>I<resp>B<);>\n"
1431 #: build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:21
1432 msgid "I<Note>: Since Linux 3.1, this system call no longer exists."
1433 msgstr "I<注意>: Linux 3.1 以降では、このシステムコールはもはや存在しない。"
1436 #: build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:35
1440 " * These are the commands understood by nfsctl().\n"
1442 "#define NFSCTL_SVC 0 /* This is a server process. */\n"
1443 "#define NFSCTL_ADDCLIENT 1 /* Add an NFS client. */\n"
1444 "#define NFSCTL_DELCLIENT 2 /* Remove an NFS client. */\n"
1445 "#define NFSCTL_EXPORT 3 /* Export a filesystem. */\n"
1446 "#define NFSCTL_UNEXPORT 4 /* Unexport a filesystem. */\n"
1447 "#define NFSCTL_UGIDUPDATE 5 /* Update a client's UID/GID map\n"
1448 " (only in Linux 2.4.x and earlier). */\n"
1449 "#define NFSCTL_GETFH 6 /* Get a file handle (used by mountd)\n"
1450 " (only in Linux 2.4.x and earlier). */\n"
1453 " * nfsctl() によって理解されるコマンド\n"
1455 "#define NFSCTL_SVC 0 /* サーバープロセス */\n"
1456 "#define NFSCTL_ADDCLIENT 1 /* NFS クライアントを追加 */\n"
1457 "#define NFSCTL_DELCLIENT 2 /* NFS クライアンドを削除 */\n"
1458 "#define NFSCTL_EXPORT 3 /* ファイルシステムのエクスポート */\n"
1459 "#define NFSCTL_UNEXPORT 4 /* ファイルシステムのアンエクスポート */\n"
1460 "#define NFSCTL_UGIDUPDATE 5 /* UID/GID マップの更新\n"
1461 " (Linux 2.4.x とそれ以前のみ) */\n"
1462 "#define NFSCTL_GETFH 6 /* (mountd で使用される) fh の取得\n"
1463 " (Linux 2.4.x とそれ以前のみ) */\n"
1466 #: build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:47
1469 "struct nfsctl_arg {\n"
1470 " int ca_version; /* safeguard */\n"
1472 " struct nfsctl_svc u_svc;\n"
1473 " struct nfsctl_client u_client;\n"
1474 " struct nfsctl_export u_export;\n"
1475 " struct nfsctl_uidmap u_umap;\n"
1476 " struct nfsctl_fhparm u_getfh;\n"
1477 " unsigned int u_debug;\n"
1481 "struct nfsctl_arg {\n"
1482 " int ca_version; /* safeguard */\n"
1484 " struct nfsctl_svc u_svc;\n"
1485 " struct nfsctl_client u_client;\n"
1486 " struct nfsctl_export u_export;\n"
1487 " struct nfsctl_uidmap u_umap;\n"
1488 " struct nfsctl_fhparm u_getfh;\n"
1489 " unsigned int u_debug;\n"
1494 #: build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:52
1497 "union nfsctl_res {\n"
1498 " struct knfs_fh cr_getfh;\n"
1499 " unsigned int cr_debug;\n"
1502 "union nfsctl_res {\n"
1503 " struct knfs_fh cr_getfh;\n"
1504 " unsigned int cr_debug;\n"
1508 #: build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:58 build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:105
1509 #: build/C/man2/vm86.2:59
1510 msgid "On success, zero is returned. On error, -1 is returned, and I<errno> is set appropriately."
1511 msgstr "成功した場合は 0 が返される。エラーの場合は -1 が返され、 I<errno> が適切に設定される。"
1514 #: build/C/man2/nfsservctl.2:60
1515 msgid "This call is Linux-specific."
1516 msgstr "このコールは Linux 特有である。"
1519 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:26
1525 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:26
1531 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:31
1532 msgid "outb, outw, outl, outsb, outsw, outsl, inb, inw, inl, insb, insw, insl, outb_p, outw_p, outl_p, inb_p, inw_p, inl_p - port I/O"
1533 msgstr "outb, outw, outl, outsb, outsw, outsl, inb, inw, inl, insb, insw, insl, outb_p, outw_p, outl_p, inb_p, inw_p, inl_p - ポート入出力"
1536 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:34
1538 msgid "B<#include E<lt>sys/io.hE<gt>>\n"
1539 msgstr "B<#include E<lt>sys/io.hE<gt>>\n"
1542 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:41
1545 "B<unsigned char inb(unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1546 "B<unsigned char inb_p(unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1547 "B<unsigned short int inw(unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1548 "B<unsigned short int inw_p(unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1549 "B<unsigned int inl(unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1550 "B<unsigned int inl_p(unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1552 "B<unsigned char inb(unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1553 "B<unsigned char inb_p(unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1554 "B<unsigned short int inw(unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1555 "B<unsigned short int inw_p(unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1556 "B<unsigned int inl(unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1557 "B<unsigned int inl_p(unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1560 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:48
1563 "B<void outb(unsigned char >I<value>B<, unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1564 "B<void outb_p(unsigned char >I<value>B<, unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1565 "B<void outw(unsigned short int >I<value>B<, unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1566 "B<void outw_p(unsigned short int >I<value>B<, unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1567 "B<void outl(unsigned int >I<value>B<, unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1568 "B<void outl_p(unsigned int >I<value>B<, unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1570 "B<void outb(unsigned char >I<value>B<, unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1571 "B<void outb_p(unsigned char >I<value>B<, unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1572 "B<void outw(unsigned short int >I<value>B<, unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1573 "B<void outw_p(unsigned short int >I<value>B<, unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1574 "B<void outl(unsigned int >I<value>B<, unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1575 "B<void outl_p(unsigned int >I<value>B<, unsigned short int >I<port>B<);>\n"
1578 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:61
1581 "B<void insb(unsigned short int >I<port>B<, void *>I<addr>B<,>\n"
1582 "B< unsigned long int >I<count>B<);>\n"
1583 "B<void insw(unsigned short int >I<port>B<, void *>I<addr>B<,>\n"
1584 "B< unsigned long int >I<count>B<);>\n"
1585 "B<void insl(unsigned short int >I<port>B<, void *>I<addr>B<,>\n"
1586 "B< unsigned long int >I<count>B<);>\n"
1587 "B<void outsb(unsigned short int >I<port>B<, const void *>I<addr>B<,>\n"
1588 "B< unsigned long int >I<count>B<);>\n"
1589 "B<void outsw(unsigned short int >I<port>B<, const void *>I<addr>B<,>\n"
1590 "B< unsigned long int >I<count>B<);>\n"
1591 "B<void outsl(unsigned short int >I<port>B<, const void *>I<addr>B<,>\n"
1592 "B< unsigned long int >I<count>B<);>\n"
1594 "B<void insb(unsigned short int >I<port>B<, void *>I<addr>B<,>\n"
1595 "B< unsigned long int >I<count>B<);>\n"
1596 "B<void insw(unsigned short int >I<port>B<, void *>I<addr>B<,>\n"
1597 "B< unsigned long int >I<count>B<);>\n"
1598 "B<void insl(unsigned short int >I<port>B<, void *>I<addr>B<,>\n"
1599 "B< unsigned long int >I<count>B<);>\n"
1600 "B<void outsb(unsigned short int >I<port>B<, const void *>I<addr>B<,>\n"
1601 "B< unsigned long int >I<count>B<);>\n"
1602 "B<void outsw(unsigned short int >I<port>B<, const void *>I<addr>B<,>\n"
1603 "B< unsigned long int >I<count>B<);>\n"
1604 "B<void outsl(unsigned short int >I<port>B<, const void *>I<addr>B<,>\n"
1605 "B< unsigned long int >I<count>B<);>\n"
1608 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:67
1609 msgid "This family of functions is used to do low-level port input and output. The out* functions do port output, the in* functions do port input; the b-suffix functions are byte-width and the w-suffix functions word-width; the _p-suffix functions pause until the I/O completes."
1610 msgstr "この一連の関数はポートに対する低レベルの入出力に使用する。 out* 関数はポート出力、in* 関数はポート入力を行う。 語尾に b がついている関数はバイト単位、w がついている関数はワード単位である。 _p がついている関数は I/O が終了するまで待つ。"
1612 #. , given the following information
1613 #. in addition to that given in
1616 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:73
1617 msgid "They are primarily designed for internal kernel use, but can be used from user space."
1618 msgstr "これらの関数はもともとカーネル内部での使用を想定して設計されているが、 ユーザー空間からでも使用できる。"
1621 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:78
1622 msgid "You must compile with B<-O> or B<-O2> or similar. The functions are defined as inline macros, and will not be substituted in without optimization enabled, causing unresolved references at link time."
1623 msgstr "B<-O> や B<-O2> などを指定してコンパイルしなければならない。 これらの関数はインライン・マクロとして定義されており、 最適化を行わないと関数の展開が行われず、 リンクの時に「解決できない参照(unresolved reference)」が発生する。"
1626 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:87
1627 msgid "You use B<ioperm>(2) or alternatively B<iopl>(2) to tell the kernel to allow the user space application to access the I/O ports in question. Failure to do this will cause the application to receive a segmentation fault."
1628 msgstr "ユーザー空間のアプリケーションが I/O ポートにアクセスすることを カーネルに教えるために B<ioperm>(2) もしくは B<iopl>(2) を使用すること。これを忘れるとアプリケーションはセグメンテーション違反 (segmentation fault) を受けとることになる。"
1631 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:96
1632 msgid "B<outb>() and friends are hardware-specific. The I<value> argument is passed first and the I<port> argument is passed second, which is the opposite order from most DOS implementations."
1633 msgstr "B<outb>() とその仲間はハードウェア特有である。 I<value> 引数が最初に渡され、 I<port> 引数が二番目に渡される。 この順序はほとんどの DOS での実装とは逆である。"
1636 #: build/C/man2/outb.2:99
1637 msgid "B<ioperm>(2), B<iopl>(2)"
1638 msgstr "B<ioperm>(2), B<iopl>(2)"
1641 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:8
1643 msgid "PCICONFIG_READ"
1644 msgstr "PCICONFIG_READ"
1647 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:8
1653 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:11
1654 msgid "pciconfig_read, pciconfig_write, pciconfig_iobase - pci device information handling"
1655 msgstr "pciconfig_read, pciconfig_write, pciconfig_iobase - pci デバイス情報を扱う"
1658 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:14
1660 msgid "B<#include E<lt>pci.hE<gt>>\n"
1661 msgstr "B<#include E<lt>pci.hE<gt>>\n"
1664 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:21
1667 "B<int pciconfig_read(unsigned long >I<bus>B<, unsigned long >I<dfn>B<,>\n"
1668 "B< unsigned long >I<off>B<, unsigned long >I<len>B<, void *>I<buf>B<);>\n"
1669 "B<int pciconfig_write(unsigned long >I<bus>B<, unsigned long >I<dfn>B<,>\n"
1670 "B< unsigned long >I<off>B<, unsigned long >I<len>B<, void *>I<buf>B<);>\n"
1671 "B<int pciconfig_iobase(long >I<which>B<, unsigned long >I<bus>B<,>\n"
1672 "B< unsigned long >I<devfn>B<);>\n"
1674 "B<int pciconfig_read(unsigned long >I<bus>B<, unsigned long >I<dfn>B<,>\n"
1675 "B< unsigned long >I<off>B<, unsigned long >I<len>B<, void *>I<buf>B<);>\n"
1676 "B<int pciconfig_write(unsigned long >I<bus>B<, unsigned long >I<dfn>B<,>\n"
1677 "B< unsigned long >I<off>B<, unsigned long >I<len>B<, void *>I<buf>B<);>\n"
1678 "B<int pciconfig_iobase(long >I<which>B<, unsigned long >I<bus>B<,>\n"
1679 "B< unsigned long >I<devfn>B<);>\n"
1682 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:27
1683 msgid "Most of the interaction with PCI devices is already handled by the kernel PCI layer, and thus these calls should not normally need to be accessed from user space."
1684 msgstr "PCI デバイスとのやり取り (interaction) は カーネル PCI レイヤですでに処理されているので、 通常はこららの関数をユーザ空間からアクセスする必要はない。"
1687 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:27 build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:51
1689 msgid "B<pciconfig_read>()"
1690 msgstr "B<pciconfig_read>()"
1693 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:36
1694 msgid "Reads to I<buf> from device I<dev> at offset I<off> value."
1695 msgstr "デバイス I<dev> のオフセット I<off> の値を I<buf> に読み込む。"
1698 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:36 build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:57
1700 msgid "B<pciconfig_write>()"
1701 msgstr "B<pciconfig_write>()"
1704 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:45
1705 msgid "Writes from I<buf> to device I<dev> at offset I<off> value."
1706 msgstr "デバイス I<dev> のオフセット I<off> に I<buf> の値を書き込む。"
1709 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:45 build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:63
1711 msgid "B<pciconfig_iobase>()"
1712 msgstr "B<pciconfig_iobase>()"
1715 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:50
1716 msgid "You pass it a bus/devfn pair and get a physical address for either the memory offset (for things like prep, this is 0xc0000000), the IO base for PIO cycles, or the ISA holes if any."
1717 msgstr "bus/devfn ペアをこの関数に渡し、 メモリオフセット (prep のようなものでは、この値は 0xc0000000 である) と PIO サイクルの IO ベースの物理アドレスを取得する。 また、もしあるならば ISA hole の物理アドレスを取得する。"
1720 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:57 build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:63
1721 msgid "On success zero is returned. On error, -1 is returned and I<errno> is set appropriately."
1722 msgstr "成功した場合、0 が返される。 エラーの場合、-1 が返され、 I<errno> が適切に設定される。"
1725 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:77
1726 msgid "Returns information on locations of various I/O regions in physical memory according to the I<which> value. Values for I<which> are: B<IOBASE_BRIDGE_NUMBER>, B<IOBASE_MEMORY>, B<IOBASE_IO>, B<IOBASE_ISA_IO>, B<IOBASE_ISA_MEM>."
1727 msgstr "I<which> の値に基づいて、物理メモリ内の様々な I/O 領域の位置情報が返される。 I<which> の値は、 B<IOBASE_BRIDGE_NUMBER>, B<IOBASE_MEMORY>, B<IOBASE_IO>, B<IOBASE_ISA_IO>, B<IOBASE_ISA_MEM> である。"
1730 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:84
1731 msgid "I<len> value is invalid. This does not apply to B<pciconfig_iobase>()."
1732 msgstr "I<len> の値が無効である。 このエラーは B<pciconfig_iobase>() には適用されない。"
1735 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:84 build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1929
1736 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:134
1742 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:87
1747 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:87 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2640
1753 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:93
1754 msgid "For B<pciconfig_iobase>(), \"hose\" value is NULL. For the other calls, could not find a slot."
1755 msgstr "B<pciconfig_iobase>() の場合、でホース (hose) の値が NULL である。 他の呼び出しの場合、スロット (slot) が見つからない。"
1758 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:98
1759 msgid "The system has not implemented these calls (B<CONFIG_PCI> not defined)."
1760 msgstr "このシステムはこれらの呼び出しを実装していない。 (B<CONFIG_PCI> が定義されていない)。"
1763 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:98 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2668
1765 msgid "B<EOPNOTSUPP>"
1766 msgstr "B<EOPNOTSUPP>"
1769 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:105
1770 msgid "This return value is valid only for B<pciconfig_iobase>(). It is returned if the value for I<which> is invalid."
1771 msgstr "この返り値は B<pciconfig_iobase>() でのみ有効である。 このエラーは I<which> の値が無効であるときに返される。"
1774 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:112
1775 msgid "User does not have the B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> capability. This does not apply to B<pciconfig_iobase>()."
1776 msgstr "ユーザが B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> 権限を持っていない。 このエラーは B<pciconfig_iobase>() には適用されない。"
1779 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:114
1780 msgid "These calls are Linux-specific, available since Linux 2.0.26/2.1.11."
1781 msgstr "これらの呼び出しは Linux 特有のものであり、 Linux 2.0.26/2.1.11 から使用可能である。"
1784 #: build/C/man2/pciconfig_read.2:116
1785 msgid "B<capabilities>(7)"
1786 msgstr "B<capabilities>(7)"
1789 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:27
1791 msgid "PERF_EVENT_OPEN"
1792 msgstr "PERF_EVENT_OPEN"
1795 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:27
1801 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:30
1802 msgid "perf_event_open - set up performance monitoring"
1806 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:34
1809 "B<#include E<lt>linux/perf_event.hE<gt>>\n"
1810 "B<#include E<lt>linux/hw_breakpoint.hE<gt>>\n"
1812 "B<#include E<lt>linux/perf_event.hE<gt>>\n"
1813 "B<#include E<lt>linux/hw_breakpoint.hE<gt>>\n"
1816 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:38
1819 "B<int perf_event_open(struct perf_event_attr *>I<attr>B<,>\n"
1820 "B< pid_t >I<pid>B<, int >I<cpu>B<, int >I<group_fd>B<,>\n"
1821 "B< unsigned long >I<flags>B<);>\n"
1823 "B<int perf_event_open(struct perf_event_attr *>I<attr>B<,>\n"
1824 "B< pid_t >I<pid>B<, int >I<cpu>B<, int >I<group_fd>B<,>\n"
1825 "B< unsigned long >I<flags>B<);>\n"
1828 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:47
1829 msgid "Given a list of parameters, B<perf_event_open>() returns a file descriptor, for use in subsequent system calls (B<read>(2), B<mmap>(2), B<prctl>(2), B<fcntl>(2), etc.)."
1833 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:55
1834 msgid "A call to B<perf_event_open>() creates a file descriptor that allows measuring performance information. Each file descriptor corresponds to one event that is measured; these can be grouped together to measure multiple events simultaneously."
1838 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:62
1839 msgid "Events can be enabled and disabled in two ways: via B<ioctl>(2) and via B<prctl>(2). When an event is disabled it does not count or generate overflows but does continue to exist and maintain its count value."
1843 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:76
1844 msgid "Events come in two flavors: counting and sampled. A I<counting> event is one that is used for counting the aggregate number of events that occur. In general, counting event results are gathered with a B<read>(2) call. A I<sampling> event periodically writes measurements to a buffer that can then be accessed via B<mmap>(2)."
1848 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:76
1854 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:83
1855 msgid "The I<pid> and I<cpu> arguments allow specifying which process and CPU to monitor:"
1859 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:83
1861 msgid "B<pid == 0> and B<cpu == -1>"
1865 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:86
1866 msgid "This measures the calling process/thread on any CPU."
1870 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:86
1872 msgid "B<pid == 0> and B<cpu E<gt>= 0>"
1876 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:90
1877 msgid "This measures the calling process/thread only when running on the specified CPU."
1881 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:90
1883 msgid "B<pid E<gt> 0> and B<cpu == -1>"
1887 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:93
1888 msgid "This measures the specified process/thread on any CPU."
1892 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:93
1894 msgid "B<pid E<gt> 0> and B<cpu E<gt>= 0>"
1898 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:97
1899 msgid "This measures the specified process/thread only when running on the specified CPU."
1903 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:97
1905 msgid "B<pid == -1> and B<cpu E<gt>= 0>"
1909 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:105
1910 msgid "This measures all processes/threads on the specified CPU. This requires B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> capability or a I</proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid> value of less than 1."
1914 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:105
1916 msgid "B<pid == -1> and B<cpu == -1>"
1920 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:108
1921 msgid "This setting is invalid and will return an error."
1925 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:130
1926 msgid "The I<group_fd> argument allows event groups to be created. An event group has one event which is the group leader. The leader is created first, with I<group_fd> = -1. The rest of the group members are created with subsequent B<perf_event_open>() calls with I<group_fd> being set to the file descriptor of the group leader. (A single event on its own is created with I<group_fd> = -1 and is considered to be a group with only 1 member.) An event group is scheduled onto the CPU as a unit: it will be put onto the CPU only if all of the events in the group can be put onto the CPU. This means that the values of the member events can be meaningfully compared\\(emadded, divided (to get ratios), and so on\\(emwith each other, since they have counted events for the same set of executed instructions."
1930 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:134
1931 msgid "The I<flags> argument is formed by ORing together zero or more of the following values:"
1932 msgstr "I<flags> 引き数には、以下の値の 0 個以上をビット毎の論理和の形で指定する。"
1935 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:134
1937 msgid "B<PERF_FLAG_FD_CLOEXEC> (since Linux 3.14)"
1938 msgstr "B<PERF_FLAG_FD_CLOEXEC> (Linux 3.14 以降)"
1940 #. commit a21b0b354d4ac39be691f51c53562e2c24443d9e
1942 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:151
1943 msgid "This flag enables the close-on-exec flag for the created event file descriptor, so that the file descriptor is automatically closed on B<execve>(2). Setting the close-on-exec flags at creation time, rather than later with B<fcntl>(2), avoids potential race conditions where the calling thread invokes B<perf_event_open>() and B<fcntl>(2) at the same time as another thread calls B<fork>(2) then B<execve>(2)."
1947 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:151
1949 msgid "B<PERF_FLAG_FD_NO_GROUP>"
1950 msgstr "B<PERF_FLAG_FD_NO_GROUP>"
1953 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:159
1954 msgid "This flag tells the event to ignore the I<group_fd> parameter except for the purpose of setting up output redirection using the B<PERF_FLAG_FD_OUTPUT> flag."
1958 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:159
1960 msgid "B<PERF_FLAG_FD_OUTPUT> (broken since Linux 2.6.35)"
1961 msgstr "B<PERF_FLAG_FD_OUTPUT> (Linux 2.6.35 以降では正しく動作しない)"
1964 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:164
1965 msgid "This flag re-routes the event's sampled output to instead be included in the mmap buffer of the event specified by I<group_fd>."
1969 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:164
1971 msgid "B<PERF_FLAG_PID_CGROUP> (since Linux 2.6.39)"
1972 msgstr "B<PERF_FLAG_PID_CGROUP> (Linux 2.6.39 以降)"
1974 #. commit e5d1367f17ba6a6fed5fd8b74e4d5720923e0c25
1976 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:188
1977 msgid "This flag activates per-container system-wide monitoring. A container is an abstraction that isolates a set of resources for finer-grained control (CPUs, memory, etc.). In this mode, the event is measured only if the thread running on the monitored CPU belongs to the designated container (cgroup). The cgroup is identified by passing a file descriptor opened on its directory in the cgroupfs filesystem. For instance, if the cgroup to monitor is called I<test>, then a file descriptor opened on I</dev/cgroup/test> (assuming cgroupfs is mounted on I</dev/cgroup>) must be passed as the I<pid> parameter. cgroup monitoring is available only for system-wide events and may therefore require extra permissions."
1981 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:193
1982 msgid "The I<perf_event_attr> structure provides detailed configuration information for the event being created."
1986 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:200
1989 "struct perf_event_attr {\n"
1990 " __u32 type; /* Type of event */\n"
1991 " __u32 size; /* Size of attribute structure */\n"
1992 " __u64 config; /* Type-specific configuration */\n"
1994 "struct perf_event_attr {\n"
1995 " __u32 type; /* Type of event */\n"
1996 " __u32 size; /* Size of attribute structure */\n"
1997 " __u64 config; /* Type-specific configuration */\n"
2000 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:205
2004 " __u64 sample_period; /* Period of sampling */\n"
2005 " __u64 sample_freq; /* Frequency of sampling */\n"
2009 " __u64 sample_period; /* Period of sampling */\n"
2010 " __u64 sample_freq; /* Frequency of sampling */\n"
2014 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:208
2017 " __u64 sample_type; /* Specifies values included in sample */\n"
2018 " __u64 read_format; /* Specifies values returned in read */\n"
2020 " __u64 sample_type; /* Specifies values included in sample */\n"
2021 " __u64 read_format; /* Specifies values returned in read */\n"
2024 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:236
2027 " __u64 disabled : 1, /* off by default */\n"
2028 " inherit : 1, /* children inherit it */\n"
2029 " pinned : 1, /* must always be on PMU */\n"
2030 " exclusive : 1, /* only group on PMU */\n"
2031 " exclude_user : 1, /* don't count user */\n"
2032 " exclude_kernel : 1, /* don't count kernel */\n"
2033 " exclude_hv : 1, /* don't count hypervisor */\n"
2034 " exclude_idle : 1, /* don't count when idle */\n"
2035 " mmap : 1, /* include mmap data */\n"
2036 " comm : 1, /* include comm data */\n"
2037 " freq : 1, /* use freq, not period */\n"
2038 " inherit_stat : 1, /* per task counts */\n"
2039 " enable_on_exec : 1, /* next exec enables */\n"
2040 " task : 1, /* trace fork/exit */\n"
2041 " watermark : 1, /* wakeup_watermark */\n"
2042 " precise_ip : 2, /* skid constraint */\n"
2043 " mmap_data : 1, /* non-exec mmap data */\n"
2044 " sample_id_all : 1, /* sample_type all events */\n"
2045 " exclude_host : 1, /* don't count in host */\n"
2046 " exclude_guest : 1, /* don't count in guest */\n"
2047 " exclude_callchain_kernel : 1,\n"
2048 " /* exclude kernel callchains */\n"
2049 " exclude_callchain_user : 1,\n"
2050 " /* exclude user callchains */\n"
2051 " mmap2 : 1, /* include mmap with inode data */\n"
2052 " comm_exec : 1, /* flag comm events that are due to exec */\n"
2053 " __reserved_1 : 39;\n"
2055 " __u64 disabled : 1, /* off by default */\n"
2056 " inherit : 1, /* children inherit it */\n"
2057 " pinned : 1, /* must always be on PMU */\n"
2058 " exclusive : 1, /* only group on PMU */\n"
2059 " exclude_user : 1, /* don't count user */\n"
2060 " exclude_kernel : 1, /* don't count kernel */\n"
2061 " exclude_hv : 1, /* don't count hypervisor */\n"
2062 " exclude_idle : 1, /* don't count when idle */\n"
2063 " mmap : 1, /* include mmap data */\n"
2064 " comm : 1, /* include comm data */\n"
2065 " freq : 1, /* use freq, not period */\n"
2066 " inherit_stat : 1, /* per task counts */\n"
2067 " enable_on_exec : 1, /* next exec enables */\n"
2068 " task : 1, /* trace fork/exit */\n"
2069 " watermark : 1, /* wakeup_watermark */\n"
2070 " precise_ip : 2, /* skid constraint */\n"
2071 " mmap_data : 1, /* non-exec mmap data */\n"
2072 " sample_id_all : 1, /* sample_type all events */\n"
2073 " exclude_host : 1, /* don't count in host */\n"
2074 " exclude_guest : 1, /* don't count in guest */\n"
2075 " exclude_callchain_kernel : 1,\n"
2076 " /* exclude kernel callchains */\n"
2077 " exclude_callchain_user : 1,\n"
2078 " /* exclude user callchains */\n"
2079 " mmap2 : 1, /* include mmap with inode data */\n"
2080 " comm_exec : 1, /* flag comm events that are due to exec */\n"
2081 " __reserved_1 : 39;\n"
2084 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:241
2088 " __u32 wakeup_events; /* wakeup every n events */\n"
2089 " __u32 wakeup_watermark; /* bytes before wakeup */\n"
2093 " __u32 wakeup_events; /* wakeup every n events */\n"
2094 " __u32 wakeup_watermark; /* bytes before wakeup */\n"
2098 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:243
2100 msgid " __u32 bp_type; /* breakpoint type */\n"
2101 msgstr " __u32 bp_type; /* breakpoint type */\n"
2104 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:248
2108 " __u64 bp_addr; /* breakpoint address */\n"
2109 " __u64 config1; /* extension of config */\n"
2113 " __u64 bp_addr; /* breakpoint address */\n"
2114 " __u64 config1; /* extension of config */\n"
2118 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:258
2122 " __u64 bp_len; /* breakpoint length */\n"
2123 " __u64 config2; /* extension of config1 */\n"
2125 " __u64 branch_sample_type; /* enum perf_branch_sample_type */\n"
2126 " __u64 sample_regs_user; /* user regs to dump on samples */\n"
2127 " __u32 sample_stack_user; /* size of stack to dump on\n"
2129 " __u32 __reserved_2; /* Align to u64 */\n"
2132 " __u64 bp_len; /* breakpoint length */\n"
2133 " __u64 config2; /* extension of config1 */\n"
2135 " __u64 branch_sample_type; /* enum perf_branch_sample_type */\n"
2136 " __u64 sample_regs_user; /* user regs to dump on samples */\n"
2137 " __u32 sample_stack_user; /* size of stack to dump on\n"
2139 " __u32 __reserved_2; /* Align to u64 */\n"
2142 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:260
2148 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:266
2149 msgid "The fields of the I<perf_event_attr> structure are described in more detail below:"
2153 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:266 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1627
2159 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:270
2160 msgid "This field specifies the overall event type. It has one of the following values:"
2164 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:271
2166 msgid "B<PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE>"
2167 msgstr "B<PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE>"
2170 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:278
2171 msgid "This indicates one of the \"generalized\" hardware events provided by the kernel. See the I<config> field definition for more details."
2175 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:278
2177 msgid "B<PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE>"
2178 msgstr "B<PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE>"
2181 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:282
2182 msgid "This indicates one of the software-defined events provided by the kernel (even if no hardware support is available)."
2186 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:282
2188 msgid "B<PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT>"
2189 msgstr "B<PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT>"
2192 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:286
2193 msgid "This indicates a tracepoint provided by the kernel tracepoint infrastructure."
2197 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:286
2199 msgid "B<PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE>"
2200 msgstr "B<PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE>"
2203 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:292
2204 msgid "This indicates a hardware cache event. This has a special encoding, described in the I<config> field definition."
2208 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:292
2210 msgid "B<PERF_TYPE_RAW>"
2211 msgstr "B<PERF_TYPE_RAW>"
2214 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:296
2215 msgid "This indicates a \"raw\" implementation-specific event in the I<config> field."
2219 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:296
2221 msgid "B<PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT> (since Linux 2.6.33)"
2222 msgstr "B<PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT> (Linux 2.6.33 以降)"
2224 #. commit 24f1e32c60c45c89a997c73395b69c8af6f0a84e
2226 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:302
2227 msgid "This indicates a hardware breakpoint as provided by the CPU. Breakpoints can be read/write accesses to an address as well as execution of an instruction address."
2231 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:302
2237 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:321
2238 msgid "Since Linux 2.6.39, B<perf_event_open>() can support multiple PMUs. To enable this, a value exported by the kernel can be used in the I<type> field to indicate which PMU to use. The value to use can be found in the sysfs filesystem: there is a subdirectory per PMU instance under I</sys/bus/event_source/devices>. In each subdirectory there is a I<type> file whose content is an integer that can be used in the I<type> field. For instance, I</sys/bus/event_source/devices/cpu/type> contains the value for the core CPU PMU, which is usually 4."
2242 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:322 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1559
2248 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:331
2249 msgid "The size of the I<perf_event_attr> structure for forward/backward compatibility. Set this using I<sizeof(struct perf_event_attr)> to allow the kernel to see the struct size at the time of compilation."
2253 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:346
2254 msgid "The related define B<PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER0> is set to 64; this was the size of the first published struct. B<PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER1> is 72, corresponding to the addition of breakpoints in Linux 2.6.33. B<PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER2> is 80 corresponding to the addition of branch sampling in Linux 3.4. B<PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER3> is 96 corresponding to the addition of I<sample_regs_user> and I<sample_stack_user> in Linux 3.7."
2258 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:346
2264 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:357
2265 msgid "This specifies which event you want, in conjunction with the I<type> field. The I<config1> and I<config2> fields are also taken into account in cases where 64 bits is not enough to fully specify the event. The encoding of these fields are event dependent."
2269 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:368
2270 msgid "There are various ways to set the I<config> field that are dependent on the value of the previously described I<type> field. What follows are various possible settings for I<config> separated out by I<type>."
2274 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:378
2275 msgid "If I<type> is B<PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE>, we are measuring one of the generalized hardware CPU events. Not all of these are available on all platforms. Set I<config> to one of the following:"
2279 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:379
2281 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES>"
2282 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES>"
2285 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:383
2286 msgid "Total cycles. Be wary of what happens during CPU frequency scaling."
2290 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:383
2292 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS>"
2293 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS>"
2296 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:388
2297 msgid "Retired instructions. Be careful, these can be affected by various issues, most notably hardware interrupt counts."
2301 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:388
2303 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_REFERENCES>"
2304 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_REFERENCES>"
2307 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:395
2308 msgid "Cache accesses. Usually this indicates Last Level Cache accesses but this may vary depending on your CPU. This may include prefetches and coherency messages; again this depends on the design of your CPU."
2312 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:395
2314 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_MISSES>"
2315 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_MISSES>"
2318 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:402
2319 msgid "Cache misses. Usually this indicates Last Level Cache misses; this is intended to be used in conjunction with the B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_REFERENCES> event to calculate cache miss rates."
2323 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:402
2325 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS>"
2326 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS>"
2329 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:407
2330 msgid "Retired branch instructions. Prior to Linux 2.6.34, this used the wrong event on AMD processors."
2334 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:407
2336 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_MISSES>"
2337 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_MISSES>"
2340 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:410
2341 msgid "Mispredicted branch instructions."
2345 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:410
2347 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_BUS_CYCLES>"
2348 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_BUS_CYCLES>"
2351 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:413
2352 msgid "Bus cycles, which can be different from total cycles."
2356 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:413
2358 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND> (since Linux 3.0)"
2359 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND> (Linux 3.0 以降)"
2362 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:416
2363 msgid "Stalled cycles during issue."
2367 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:416
2369 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND> (since Linux 3.0)"
2370 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND> (Linux 3.0 以降)"
2373 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:419
2374 msgid "Stalled cycles during retirement."
2378 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:419
2380 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_REF_CPU_CYCLES> (since Linux 3.3)"
2381 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_REF_CPU_CYCLES> (Linux 3.3 以降)"
2383 #. commit c37e17497e01fc0f5d2d6feb5723b210b3ab8890
2385 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:423
2386 msgid "Total cycles; not affected by CPU frequency scaling."
2390 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:433
2391 msgid "If I<type> is B<PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE>, we are measuring software events provided by the kernel. Set I<config> to one of the following:"
2395 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:434
2397 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_CLOCK>"
2398 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_CLOCK>"
2401 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:437
2402 msgid "This reports the CPU clock, a high-resolution per-CPU timer."
2406 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:437
2408 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_TASK_CLOCK>"
2409 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_TASK_CLOCK>"
2412 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:440
2413 msgid "This reports a clock count specific to the task that is running."
2417 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:440
2419 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS>"
2420 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS>"
2423 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:443
2424 msgid "This reports the number of page faults."
2428 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:443
2430 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_CONTEXT_SWITCHES>"
2431 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_CONTEXT_SWITCHES>"
2434 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:448
2435 msgid "This counts context switches. Until Linux 2.6.34, these were all reported as user-space events, after that they are reported as happening in the kernel."
2439 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:448
2441 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_MIGRATIONS>"
2442 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_MIGRATIONS>"
2445 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:452
2446 msgid "This reports the number of times the process has migrated to a new CPU."
2450 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:452
2452 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS_MIN>"
2453 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS_MIN>"
2456 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:456
2457 msgid "This counts the number of minor page faults. These did not require disk I/O to handle."
2461 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:456
2463 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS_MAJ>"
2464 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS_MAJ>"
2467 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:460
2468 msgid "This counts the number of major page faults. These required disk I/O to handle."
2472 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:460
2474 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_ALIGNMENT_FAULTS> (since Linux 2.6.33)"
2475 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_ALIGNMENT_FAULTS> (Linux 2.6.33 以降)"
2477 #. commit f7d7986060b2890fc26db6ab5203efbd33aa2497
2479 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:467
2480 msgid "This counts the number of alignment faults. These happen when unaligned memory accesses happen; the kernel can handle these but it reduces performance. This happens only on some architectures (never on x86)."
2484 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:467
2486 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_EMULATION_FAULTS> (since Linux 2.6.33)"
2487 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_EMULATION_FAULTS> (Linux 2.6.33 以降)"
2489 #. commit f7d7986060b2890fc26db6ab5203efbd33aa2497
2491 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:474
2492 msgid "This counts the number of emulation faults. The kernel sometimes traps on unimplemented instructions and emulates them for user space. This can negatively impact performance."
2496 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:474
2498 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_DUMMY> (since Linux 3.12)"
2499 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_SW_DUMMY> (Linux 3.12 以降)"
2501 #. commit fa0097ee690693006ab1aea6c01ad3c851b65c77
2503 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:482
2504 msgid "This is a placeholder event that counts nothing. Informational sample record types such as mmap or comm must be associated with an active event. This dummy event allows gathering such records without requiring a counting event."
2508 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:495
2509 msgid "If I<type> is B<PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT>, then we are measuring kernel tracepoints. The value to use in I<config> can be obtained from under debugfs I<tracing/events/*/*/id> if ftrace is enabled in the kernel."
2513 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:506
2514 msgid "If I<type> is B<PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE>, then we are measuring a hardware CPU cache event. To calculate the appropriate I<config> value use the following equation:"
2518 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:511
2521 " (perf_hw_cache_id) | (perf_hw_cache_op_id E<lt>E<lt> 8) |\n"
2522 " (perf_hw_cache_op_result_id E<lt>E<lt> 16)\n"
2524 " (perf_hw_cache_id) | (perf_hw_cache_op_id E<lt>E<lt> 8) |\n"
2525 " (perf_hw_cache_op_result_id E<lt>E<lt> 16)\n"
2528 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:516
2529 msgid "where I<perf_hw_cache_id> is one of:"
2533 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:517
2535 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D>"
2536 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D>"
2539 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:520
2540 msgid "for measuring Level 1 Data Cache"
2544 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:520
2546 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I>"
2547 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I>"
2550 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:523
2551 msgid "for measuring Level 1 Instruction Cache"
2555 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:523
2557 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL>"
2558 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL>"
2561 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:526
2562 msgid "for measuring Last-Level Cache"
2566 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:526
2568 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB>"
2569 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB>"
2572 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:529
2573 msgid "for measuring the Data TLB"
2577 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:529
2579 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB>"
2580 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB>"
2583 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:532
2584 msgid "for measuring the Instruction TLB"
2588 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:532
2590 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_BPU>"
2591 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_BPU>"
2594 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:535
2595 msgid "for measuring the branch prediction unit"
2599 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:535
2601 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_NODE> (since Linux 3.1)"
2602 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_NODE> (Linux 3.1 以降)"
2604 #. commit 89d6c0b5bdbb1927775584dcf532d98b3efe1477
2606 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:539
2607 msgid "for measuring local memory accesses"
2611 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:544
2612 msgid "and I<perf_hw_cache_op_id> is one of"
2616 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:545
2618 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ>"
2619 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ>"
2622 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:548
2623 msgid "for read accesses"
2627 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:548
2629 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_WRITE>"
2630 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_WRITE>"
2633 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:551
2634 msgid "for write accesses"
2638 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:551
2640 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_PREFETCH>"
2641 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_PREFETCH>"
2644 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:554
2645 msgid "for prefetch accesses"
2649 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:559
2650 msgid "and I<perf_hw_cache_op_result_id> is one of"
2654 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:560
2656 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS>"
2657 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS>"
2660 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:563
2661 msgid "to measure accesses"
2665 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:563
2667 msgid "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS>"
2668 msgstr "B<PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS>"
2671 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:566
2672 msgid "to measure misses"
2676 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:584
2677 msgid "If I<type> is B<PERF_TYPE_RAW>, then a custom \"raw\" I<config> value is needed. Most CPUs support events that are not covered by the \"generalized\" events. These are implementation defined; see your CPU manual (for example the Intel Volume 3B documentation or the AMD BIOS and Kernel Developer Guide). The libpfm4 library can be used to translate from the name in the architectural manuals to the raw hex value B<perf_event_open>() expects in this field."
2681 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:593
2682 msgid "If I<type> is B<PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT>, then leave I<config> set to zero. Its parameters are set in other places."
2686 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:594
2688 msgid "I<sample_period>, I<sample_freq>"
2689 msgstr "I<sample_period>, I<sample_freq>"
2692 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:606
2693 msgid "A \"sampling\" event is one that generates an overflow notification every N events, where N is given by I<sample_period>. A sampling event has I<sample_period> E<gt> 0. When an overflow occurs, requested data is recorded in the mmap buffer. The I<sample_type> field controls what data is recorded on each overflow."
2697 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:616
2698 msgid "I<sample_freq> can be used if you wish to use frequency rather than period. In this case, you set the I<freq> flag. The kernel will adjust the sampling period to try and achieve the desired rate. The rate of adjustment is a timer tick."
2702 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:616
2704 msgid "I<sample_type>"
2705 msgstr "I<sample_type>"
2708 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:628
2709 msgid "The various bits in this field specify which values to include in the sample. They will be recorded in a ring-buffer, which is available to user space using B<mmap>(2). The order in which the values are saved in the sample are documented in the MMAP Layout subsection below; it is not the I<enum perf_event_sample_format> order."
2713 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:629
2715 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_IP>"
2716 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_IP>"
2719 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:632
2720 msgid "Records instruction pointer."
2724 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:632
2726 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_TID>"
2727 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_TID>"
2730 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:635
2731 msgid "Records the process and thread IDs."
2735 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:635
2737 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_TIME>"
2738 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_TIME>"
2741 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:638
2742 msgid "Records a timestamp."
2746 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:638
2748 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_ADDR>"
2749 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_ADDR>"
2752 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:641
2753 msgid "Records an address, if applicable."
2757 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:641
2759 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_READ>"
2760 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_READ>"
2763 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:644
2764 msgid "Record counter values for all events in a group, not just the group leader."
2768 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:644
2770 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_CALLCHAIN>"
2771 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_CALLCHAIN>"
2774 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:647
2775 msgid "Records the callchain (stack backtrace)."
2779 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:647
2781 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_ID>"
2782 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_ID>"
2785 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:650
2786 msgid "Records a unique ID for the opened event's group leader."
2790 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:650
2792 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_CPU>"
2793 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_CPU>"
2796 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:653
2797 msgid "Records CPU number."
2801 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:653
2803 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_PERIOD>"
2804 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_PERIOD>"
2807 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:656
2808 msgid "Records the current sampling period."
2812 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:656
2814 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_STREAM_ID>"
2815 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_STREAM_ID>"
2818 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:664
2819 msgid "Records a unique ID for the opened event. Unlike B<PERF_SAMPLE_ID> the actual ID is returned, not the group leader. This ID is the same as the one returned by B<PERF_FORMAT_ID>."
2823 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:664
2825 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_RAW>"
2826 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_RAW>"
2829 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:668
2830 msgid "Records additional data, if applicable. Usually returned by tracepoint events."
2834 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:668
2836 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK> (since Linux 3.4)"
2837 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK> (Linux 3.4 以降)"
2839 #. commit bce38cd53e5ddba9cb6d708c4ef3d04a4016ec7e
2841 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:674
2842 msgid "This provides a record of recent branches, as provided by CPU branch sampling hardware (such as Intel Last Branch Record). Not all hardware supports this feature."
2846 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:678
2847 msgid "See the I<branch_sample_type> field for how to filter which branches are reported."
2851 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:678
2853 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_USER> (since Linux 3.7)"
2854 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_USER> (Linux 3.7 以降)"
2856 #. commit 4018994f3d8785275ef0e7391b75c3462c029e56
2858 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:683
2859 msgid "Records the current user-level CPU register state (the values in the process before the kernel was called)."
2863 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:683
2865 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER> (since Linux 3.7)"
2866 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER> (Linux 3.7 以降)"
2868 #. commit c5ebcedb566ef17bda7b02686e0d658a7bb42ee7
2870 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:687
2871 msgid "Records the user level stack, allowing stack unwinding."
2875 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:687
2877 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_WEIGHT> (since Linux 3.10)"
2878 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_WEIGHT> (Linux 3.10 以降)"
2880 #. commit c3feedf2aaf9ac8bad6f19f5d21e4ee0b4b87e9c
2882 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:694
2883 msgid "Records a hardware provided weight value that expresses how costly the sampled event was. This allows the hardware to highlight expensive events in a profile."
2887 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:694
2889 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_DATA_SRC> (since Linux 3.10)"
2890 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_DATA_SRC> (Linux 3.10 以降)"
2892 #. commit d6be9ad6c960f43800a6f118932bc8a5a4eadcd1
2894 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:701
2895 msgid "Records the data source: where in the memory hierarchy the data associated with the sampled instruction came from. This is only available if the underlying hardware supports this feature."
2899 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:701
2901 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_IDENTIFIER> (since Linux 3.12)"
2902 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_IDENTIFIER> (Linux 3.12 以降)"
2904 #. commit ff3d527cebc1fa3707c617bfe9e74f53fcfb0955
2906 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:709
2907 msgid "Places the B<SAMPLE_ID> value in a fixed position in the record, either at the beginning (for sample events) or at the end (if a non-sample event)."
2911 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:721
2912 msgid "This was necessary because a sample stream may have records from various different event sources with different I<sample_type> settings. Parsing the event stream properly was not possible because the format of the record was needed to find B<SAMPLE_ID>, but the format could not be found without knowing what event the sample belonged to (causing a circular dependency)."
2916 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:731
2917 msgid "The B<PERF_SAMPLE_IDENTIFIER> setting makes the event stream always parsable by putting B<SAMPLE_ID> in a fixed location, even though it means having duplicate B<SAMPLE_ID> values in records."
2921 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:731
2923 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_TRANSACTION> (since Linux 3.13)"
2924 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_TRANSACTION> (Linux 3.13 以降)"
2926 #. commit fdfbbd07e91f8fe387140776f3fd94605f0c89e5
2928 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:736
2929 msgid "Records reasons for transactional memory abort events (for example, from Intel TSX transactional memory support)."
2933 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:744
2934 msgid "The I<precise_ip> setting must be greater than 0 and a transactional memory abort event must be measured or no values will be recorded. Also note that some perf_event measurements, such as sampled cycle counting, may cause extraneous aborts (by causing an interrupt during a transaction)."
2938 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:745
2940 msgid "I<read_format>"
2941 msgstr "I<read_format>"
2944 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:752
2945 msgid "This field specifies the format of the data returned by B<read>(2) on a B<perf_event_open>() file descriptor."
2949 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:753
2951 msgid "B<PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_ENABLED>"
2952 msgstr "B<PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_ENABLED>"
2955 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:760
2956 msgid "Adds the 64-bit I<time_enabled> field. This can be used to calculate estimated totals if the PMU is overcommitted and multiplexing is happening."
2960 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:760
2962 msgid "B<PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_RUNNING>"
2963 msgstr "B<PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_RUNNING>"
2966 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:767
2967 msgid "Adds the 64-bit I<time_running> field. This can be used to calculate estimated totals if the PMU is overcommitted and multiplexing is happening."
2971 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:767
2973 msgid "B<PERF_FORMAT_ID>"
2974 msgstr "B<PERF_FORMAT_ID>"
2977 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:770
2978 msgid "Adds a 64-bit unique value that corresponds to the event group."
2982 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:770
2984 msgid "B<PERF_FORMAT_GROUP>"
2985 msgstr "B<PERF_FORMAT_GROUP>"
2988 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:773
2989 msgid "Allows all counter values in an event group to be read with one read."
2993 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:774
2996 msgstr "I<disabled>"
2999 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:784
3000 msgid "The I<disabled> bit specifies whether the counter starts out disabled or enabled. If disabled, the event can later be enabled by B<ioctl>(2), B<prctl>(2), or I<enable_on_exec>."
3004 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:795
3005 msgid "When creating an event group, typically the group leader is initialized with I<disabled> set to 1 and any child events are initialized with I<disabled> set to 0. Despite I<disabled> being 0, the child events will not start until the group leader is enabled."
3009 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:795
3015 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:804
3016 msgid "The I<inherit> bit specifies that this counter should count events of child tasks as well as the task specified. This applies only to new children, not to any existing children at the time the counter is created (nor to any new children of existing children)."
3020 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:809
3021 msgid "Inherit does not work for some combinations of I<read_format>s, such as B<PERF_FORMAT_GROUP>."
3025 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:809
3031 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:822
3032 msgid "The I<pinned> bit specifies that the counter should always be on the CPU if at all possible. It applies only to hardware counters and only to group leaders. If a pinned counter cannot be put onto the CPU (e.g., because there are not enough hardware counters or because of a conflict with some other event), then the counter goes into an 'error' state, where reads return end-of-file (i.e., B<read>(2) returns 0) until the counter is subsequently enabled or disabled."
3036 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:822
3038 msgid "I<exclusive>"
3039 msgstr "I<exclusive>"
3042 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:831
3043 msgid "The I<exclusive> bit specifies that when this counter's group is on the CPU, it should be the only group using the CPU's counters. In the future this may allow monitoring programs to support PMU features that need to run alone so that they do not disrupt other hardware counters."
3047 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:838
3048 msgid "Note that many unexpected situations may prevent events with the I<exclusive> bit set from ever running. This includes any users running a system-wide measurement as well as any kernel use of the performance counters (including the commonly enabled NMI Watchdog Timer interface)."
3052 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:838
3054 msgid "I<exclude_user>"
3055 msgstr "I<exclude_user>"
3058 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:841
3059 msgid "If this bit is set, the count excludes events that happen in user space."
3063 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:841
3065 msgid "I<exclude_kernel>"
3066 msgstr "I<exclude_kernel>"
3069 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:844
3070 msgid "If this bit is set, the count excludes events that happen in kernel-space."
3074 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:844
3076 msgid "I<exclude_hv>"
3077 msgstr "I<exclude_hv>"
3080 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:852
3081 msgid "If this bit is set, the count excludes events that happen in the hypervisor. This is mainly for PMUs that have built-in support for handling this (such as POWER). Extra support is needed for handling hypervisor measurements on most machines."
3085 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:852
3087 msgid "I<exclude_idle>"
3088 msgstr "I<exclude_idle>"
3091 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:855
3092 msgid "If set, don't count when the CPU is idle."
3096 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:855
3102 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:869
3103 msgid "The I<mmap> bit enables generation of B<PERF_RECORD_MMAP> samples for every B<mmap>(2) call that has B<PROT_EXEC> set. This allows tools to notice new executable code being mapped into a program (dynamic shared libraries for example) so that addresses can be mapped back to the original code."
3107 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:869 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1719
3113 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:887
3114 msgid "The I<comm> bit enables tracking of process command name as modified by the B<exec>(2) and B<prctl>(PR_SET_NAME) system calls as well as writing to I</proc/self/comm>. If the I<comm_exec> flag is also successfully set (possible since Linux 3.16), then the misc flag B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_COMM_EXEC> can be used to differentiate the B<exec>(2) case from the others."
3118 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:887
3124 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:894
3125 msgid "If this bit is set, then I<sample_frequency> not I<sample_period> is used when setting up the sampling interval."
3129 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:894
3131 msgid "I<inherit_stat>"
3132 msgstr "I<inherit_stat>"
3135 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:901
3136 msgid "This bit enables saving of event counts on context switch for inherited tasks. This is meaningful only if the I<inherit> field is set."
3140 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:901
3142 msgid "I<enable_on_exec>"
3143 msgstr "I<enable_on_exec>"
3146 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:906
3147 msgid "If this bit is set, a counter is automatically enabled after a call to B<exec>(2)."
3151 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:906
3157 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:910
3158 msgid "If this bit is set, then fork/exit notifications are included in the ring buffer."
3162 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:910
3164 msgid "I<watermark>"
3165 msgstr "I<watermark>"
3168 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:918
3169 msgid "If set, have an overflow notification happen when we cross the I<wakeup_watermark> boundary. Otherwise, overflow notifications happen after I<wakeup_events> samples."
3173 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:918
3175 msgid "I<precise_ip> (since Linux 2.6.35)"
3176 msgstr "I<precise_ip> (Linux 2.6.35 以降)"
3179 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:928
3180 msgid "This controls the amount of skid. Skid is how many instructions execute between an event of interest happening and the kernel being able to stop and record the event. Smaller skid is better and allows more accurate reporting of which events correspond to which instructions, but hardware is often limited with how small this can be."
3184 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:930
3185 msgid "The values of this are the following:"
3189 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:931
3195 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:935
3196 msgid "B<SAMPLE_IP> can have arbitrary skid."
3200 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:935
3206 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:939
3207 msgid "B<SAMPLE_IP> must have constant skid."
3211 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:939
3217 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:943
3218 msgid "B<SAMPLE_IP> requested to have 0 skid."
3222 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:943
3228 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:949
3229 msgid "B<SAMPLE_IP> must have 0 skid. See also B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_EXACT_IP>."
3233 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:950
3235 msgid "I<mmap_data> (since Linux 2.6.36)"
3236 msgstr "I<mmap_data> (Linux 2.6.36 以降)"
3239 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:962
3240 msgid "The counterpart of the I<mmap> field. This enables generation of B<PERF_RECORD_MMAP> samples for B<mmap>(2) calls that do not have B<PROT_EXEC> set (for example data and SysV shared memory)."
3244 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:962
3246 msgid "I<sample_id_all> (since Linux 2.6.38)"
3247 msgstr "I<sample_id_all> (Linux 2.6.38 以降)"
3250 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:970
3251 msgid "If set, then TID, TIME, ID, STREAM_ID, and CPU can additionally be included in non-B<PERF_RECORD_SAMPLE>s if the corresponding I<sample_type> is selected."
3255 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:978
3256 msgid "If B<PERF_SAMPLE_IDENTIFIER> is specified, then an additional ID value is included as the last value to ease parsing the record stream. This may lead to the I<id> value appearing twice."
3260 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:980
3261 msgid "The layout is described by this pseudo-structure:"
3265 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:990
3268 "struct sample_id {\n"
3269 " { u32 pid, tid; } /* if PERF_SAMPLE_TID set */\n"
3270 " { u64 time; } /* if PERF_SAMPLE_TIME set */\n"
3271 " { u64 id; } /* if PERF_SAMPLE_ID set */\n"
3272 " { u64 stream_id;} /* if PERF_SAMPLE_STREAM_ID set */\n"
3273 " { u32 cpu, res; } /* if PERF_SAMPLE_CPU set */\n"
3274 " { u64 id; } /* if PERF_SAMPLE_IDENTIFIER set */\n"
3277 "struct sample_id {\n"
3278 " { u32 pid, tid; } /* if PERF_SAMPLE_TID set */\n"
3279 " { u64 time; } /* if PERF_SAMPLE_TIME set */\n"
3280 " { u64 id; } /* if PERF_SAMPLE_ID set */\n"
3281 " { u64 stream_id;} /* if PERF_SAMPLE_STREAM_ID set */\n"
3282 " { u32 cpu, res; } /* if PERF_SAMPLE_CPU set */\n"
3283 " { u64 id; } /* if PERF_SAMPLE_IDENTIFIER set */\n"
3287 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:991
3289 msgid "I<exclude_host> (since Linux 3.2)"
3290 msgstr "I<exclude_host> (Linux 3.2 以降)"
3293 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:994
3294 msgid "Do not measure time spent in VM host."
3298 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:994
3300 msgid "I<exclude_guest> (since Linux 3.2)"
3301 msgstr "I<exclude_guest> (Linux 3.2 以降)"
3304 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:997
3305 msgid "Do not measure time spent in VM guest."
3309 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:997
3311 msgid "I<exclude_callchain_kernel> (since Linux 3.7)"
3312 msgstr "I<exclude_callchain_kernel> (Linux 3.7 以降)"
3315 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1000
3316 msgid "Do not include kernel callchains."
3320 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1000
3322 msgid "I<exclude_callchain_user> (since Linux 3.7)"
3323 msgstr "I<exclude_callchain_user> (Linux 3.7 以降)"
3326 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1003
3327 msgid "Do not include user callchains."
3331 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1003
3333 msgid "I<mmap2> (since Linux 3.16)"
3334 msgstr "I<mmap2> (Linux 3.16 以降)"
3337 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1010
3338 msgid "Generate an extended executable mmap record that contains enough additional information to uniquely identify shared mappings. The I<mmap> flag must also be set for this to work."
3342 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1010
3344 msgid "I<comm_exec> (since Linux 3.16)"
3345 msgstr "I<comm_exec> (Linux 3.16 以降)"
3348 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1025
3349 msgid "This is purely a feature-detection flag, it does not change kernel behavior. If this flag can successfully be set, then, when I<comm> is enabled, the B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_COMM_EXEC> flag will be set in the I<misc> field of a comm record header if the rename event being reported was caused by a call to B<exec>(2). This allows tools to distinguish between the various types of process renaming."
3353 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1025
3355 msgid "I<wakeup_events>, I<wakeup_watermark>"
3356 msgstr "I<wakeup_events>, I<wakeup_watermark>"
3359 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1035
3360 msgid "This union sets how many samples (I<wakeup_events>) or bytes (I<wakeup_watermark>) happen before an overflow notification happens. Which one is used is selected by the I<watermark> bit flag."
3364 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1045
3365 msgid "I<wakeup_events> only counts B<PERF_RECORD_SAMPLE> record types. To receive overflow notification for all B<PERF_RECORD> types choose watermark and set I<wakeup_watermark> to 1."
3369 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1050
3370 msgid "Prior to Linux 3.0 setting I<wakeup_events> to 0 resulted in no overflow notifications; more recent kernels treat 0 the same as 1."
3374 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1050
3376 msgid "I<bp_type> (since Linux 2.6.33)"
3377 msgstr "I<bp_type> (Linux 2.6.33 以降)"
3380 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1054
3381 msgid "This chooses the breakpoint type. It is one of:"
3385 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1055
3387 msgid "B<HW_BREAKPOINT_EMPTY>"
3388 msgstr "B<HW_BREAKPOINT_EMPTY>"
3391 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1058
3392 msgid "No breakpoint."
3396 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1058
3398 msgid "B<HW_BREAKPOINT_R>"
3399 msgstr "B<HW_BREAKPOINT_R>"
3402 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1061
3403 msgid "Count when we read the memory location."
3407 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1061
3409 msgid "B<HW_BREAKPOINT_W>"
3410 msgstr "B<HW_BREAKPOINT_W>"
3413 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1064
3414 msgid "Count when we write the memory location."
3418 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1064
3420 msgid "B<HW_BREAKPOINT_RW>"
3421 msgstr "B<HW_BREAKPOINT_RW>"
3424 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1067
3425 msgid "Count when we read or write the memory location."
3429 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1067
3431 msgid "B<HW_BREAKPOINT_X>"
3432 msgstr "B<HW_BREAKPOINT_X>"
3435 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1070
3436 msgid "Count when we execute code at the memory location."
3440 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1079
3441 msgid "The values can be combined via a bitwise or, but the combination of B<HW_BREAKPOINT_R> or B<HW_BREAKPOINT_W> with B<HW_BREAKPOINT_X> is not allowed."
3445 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1080
3447 msgid "I<bp_addr> (since Linux 2.6.33)"
3448 msgstr "I<bp_addr> (Linux 2.6.33 以降)"
3451 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1087
3452 msgid "I<bp_addr> address of the breakpoint. For execution breakpoints this is the memory address of the instruction of interest; for read and write breakpoints it is the memory address of the memory location of interest."
3456 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1087
3458 msgid "I<config1> (since Linux 2.6.39)"
3459 msgstr "I<config1> (Linux 2.6.39 以降)"
3462 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1094
3463 msgid "I<config1> is used for setting events that need an extra register or otherwise do not fit in the regular config field. Raw OFFCORE_EVENTS on Nehalem/Westmere/SandyBridge use this field on 3.3 and later kernels."
3467 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1094
3469 msgid "I<bp_len> (since Linux 2.6.33)"
3470 msgstr "I<bp_len> (Linux 2.6.33 以降)"
3473 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1108
3474 msgid "I<bp_len> is the length of the breakpoint being measured if I<type> is B<PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT>. Options are B<HW_BREAKPOINT_LEN_1>, B<HW_BREAKPOINT_LEN_2>, B<HW_BREAKPOINT_LEN_4>, B<HW_BREAKPOINT_LEN_8>. For an execution breakpoint, set this to I<sizeof(long)>."
3478 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1108
3480 msgid "I<config2> (since Linux 2.6.39)"
3481 msgstr "I<config2> (Linux 2.6.39 以降)"
3484 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1115
3485 msgid "I<config2> is a further extension of the I<config1> field."
3489 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1115
3491 msgid "I<branch_sample_type> (since Linux 3.4)"
3492 msgstr "I<branch_sample_type> (Linux 3.4 以降)"
3495 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1121
3496 msgid "If B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK> is enabled, then this specifies what branches to include in the branch record."
3500 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1127
3501 msgid "The first part of the value is the privilege level, which is a combination of one of the following values. If the user does not set privilege level explicitly, the kernel will use the event's privilege level. Event and branch privilege levels do not have to match."
3505 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1128
3507 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_USER>"
3511 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1131
3512 msgid "Branch target is in user space."
3516 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1131
3518 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_KERNEL>"
3522 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1134
3523 msgid "Branch target is in kernel space."
3527 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1134
3529 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_HV>"
3533 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1137
3534 msgid "Branch target is in hypervisor."
3538 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1137
3540 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_PLM_ALL>"
3544 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1140
3545 msgid "A convenience value that is the three preceding values ORed together."
3549 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1144
3550 msgid "In addition to the privilege value, at least one or more of the following bits must be set."
3554 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1145
3556 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ANY>"
3560 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1148
3561 msgid "Any branch type."
3565 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1148
3567 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ANY_CALL>"
3571 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1151
3572 msgid "Any call branch."
3576 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1151
3578 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ANY_RETURN>"
3582 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1154
3583 msgid "Any return branch."
3587 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1154
3589 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_IND_CALL>"
3593 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1157
3594 msgid "Indirect calls."
3598 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1157
3600 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_COND> (since Linux 3.16)"
3601 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_COND> (Linux 3.16 以降)"
3603 #. commit bac52139f0b7ab31330e98fd87fc5a2664951050
3605 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1161
3606 msgid "Conditional branches."
3610 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1161
3612 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ABORT_TX> (since Linux 3.11)"
3613 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ABORT_TX> (Linux 3.11 以降)"
3615 #. commit 135c5612c460f89657c4698fe2ea753f6f667963
3617 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1165
3618 msgid "Transactional memory aborts."
3622 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1165
3624 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_IN_TX> (since Linux 3.11)"
3625 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_IN_TX> (Linux 3.11 以降)"
3627 #. commit 135c5612c460f89657c4698fe2ea753f6f667963
3629 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1169
3630 msgid "Branch in transactional memory transaction."
3634 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1169
3636 msgid "B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_NO_TX> (since Linux 3.11)"
3637 msgstr "B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_NO_TX> (Linux 3.11 以降)"
3639 #. commit 135c5612c460f89657c4698fe2ea753f6f667963
3641 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1173
3642 msgid "Branch not in transactional memory transaction."
3646 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1175
3648 msgid "I<sample_regs_user> (since Linux 3.7)"
3649 msgstr "I<sample_regs_user> (Linux 3.7 以降)"
3652 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1181
3653 msgid "This bit mask defines the set of user CPU registers to dump on samples. The layout of the register mask is architecture-specific and described in the kernel header I<arch/ARCH/include/uapi/asm/perf_regs.h>."
3657 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1181
3659 msgid "I<sample_stack_user> (since Linux 3.7)"
3660 msgstr "I<sample_stack_user> (Linux 3.7 以降)"
3663 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1186
3664 msgid "This defines the size of the user stack to dump if B<PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER> is specified."
3668 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1186
3670 msgid "Reading results"
3674 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1196
3675 msgid "Once a B<perf_event_open>() file descriptor has been opened, the values of the events can be read from the file descriptor. The values that are there are specified by the I<read_format> field in the I<attr> structure at open time."
3679 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1201
3680 msgid "If you attempt to read into a buffer that is not big enough to hold the data B<ENOSPC> is returned"
3684 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1203
3685 msgid "Here is the layout of the data returned by a read:"
3689 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1203 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1221
3690 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1735 build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1745
3691 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1753 build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1759
3692 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1888 build/C/man2/splice.2:55
3693 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:61 build/C/man2/splice.2:70
3699 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1207
3700 msgid "If B<PERF_FORMAT_GROUP> was specified to allow reading all events in a group at once:"
3704 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1219
3707 "struct read_format {\n"
3708 " u64 nr; /* The number of events */\n"
3709 " u64 time_enabled; /* if PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_ENABLED */\n"
3710 " u64 time_running; /* if PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_RUNNING */\n"
3712 " u64 value; /* The value of the event */\n"
3713 " u64 id; /* if PERF_FORMAT_ID */\n"
3719 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1227
3720 msgid "If B<PERF_FORMAT_GROUP> was I<not> specified:"
3724 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1236
3727 "struct read_format {\n"
3728 " u64 value; /* The value of the event */\n"
3729 " u64 time_enabled; /* if PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_ENABLED */\n"
3730 " u64 time_running; /* if PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_RUNNING */\n"
3731 " u64 id; /* if PERF_FORMAT_ID */\n"
3736 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1240
3737 msgid "The values read are as follows:"
3741 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1240
3747 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1246
3748 msgid "The number of events in this file descriptor. Only available if B<PERF_FORMAT_GROUP> was specified."
3752 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1246
3754 msgid "I<time_enabled>, I<time_running>"
3758 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1258
3759 msgid "Total time the event was enabled and running. Normally these are the same. If more events are started, then available counter slots on the PMU, then multiplexing happens and events run only part of the time. In that case, the I<time_enabled> and I<time running> values can be used to scale an estimated value for the count."
3763 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1258
3769 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1261
3770 msgid "An unsigned 64-bit value containing the counter result."
3774 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1261 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1690
3775 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1856
3781 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1267
3782 msgid "A globally unique value for this particular event, only there if B<PERF_FORMAT_ID> was specified in I<read_format>."
3786 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1267
3792 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1277
3793 msgid "When using B<perf_event_open>() in sampled mode, asynchronous events (like counter overflow or B<PROT_EXEC> mmap tracking) are logged into a ring-buffer. This ring-buffer is created and accessed through B<mmap>(2)."
3797 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1283
3798 msgid "The mmap size should be 1+2^n pages, where the first page is a metadata page (I<struct perf_event_mmap_page>) that contains various bits of information such as where the ring-buffer head is."
3802 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1286
3803 msgid "Before kernel 2.6.39, there is a bug that means you must allocate a mmap ring buffer when sampling even if you do not plan to access it."
3807 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1288
3808 msgid "The structure of the first metadata mmap page is as follows:"
3812 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1317
3815 "struct perf_event_mmap_page {\n"
3816 " __u32 version; /* version number of this structure */\n"
3817 " __u32 compat_version; /* lowest version this is compat with */\n"
3818 " __u32 lock; /* seqlock for synchronization */\n"
3819 " __u32 index; /* hardware counter identifier */\n"
3820 " __s64 offset; /* add to hardware counter value */\n"
3821 " __u64 time_enabled; /* time event active */\n"
3822 " __u64 time_running; /* time event on CPU */\n"
3824 " __u64 capabilities;\n"
3826 " __u64 cap_usr_time / cap_usr_rdpmc / cap_bit0 : 1,\n"
3827 " cap_bit0_is_deprecated : 1,\n"
3828 " cap_user_rdpmc : 1,\n"
3829 " cap_user_time : 1,\n"
3830 " cap_user_time_zero : 1,\n"
3833 " __u16 pmc_width;\n"
3834 " __u16 time_shift;\n"
3835 " __u32 time_mult;\n"
3836 " __u64 time_offset;\n"
3837 " __u64 __reserved[120]; /* Pad to 1k */\n"
3838 " __u64 data_head; /* head in the data section */\n"
3839 " __u64 data_tail; /* user-space written tail */\n"
3844 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1323
3845 msgid "The following list describes the fields in the I<perf_event_mmap_page> structure in more detail:"
3849 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1323
3855 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1326
3856 msgid "Version number of this structure."
3860 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1326
3862 msgid "I<compat_version>"
3866 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1329
3867 msgid "The lowest version this is compatible with."
3871 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1329
3877 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1332
3878 msgid "A seqlock for synchronization."
3882 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1332
3888 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1335
3889 msgid "A unique hardware counter identifier."
3893 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1335
3899 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1340
3900 msgid "When using rdpmc for reads this offset value must be added to the one returned by rdpmc to get the current total event count."
3904 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1340
3906 msgid "I<time_enabled>"
3910 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1343
3911 msgid "Time the event was active."
3915 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1343
3917 msgid "I<time_running>"
3921 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1346
3922 msgid "Time the event was running."
3926 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1346
3928 msgid "I<cap_usr_time> / I<cap_usr_rdpmc> / I<cap_bit0> (since Linux 3.4)"
3932 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1359
3933 msgid "There was a bug in the definition of I<cap_usr_time> and I<cap_usr_rdpmc> from Linux 3.4 until Linux 3.11. Both bits were defined to point to the same location, so it was impossible to know if I<cap_usr_time> or I<cap_usr_rdpmc> were actually set."
3937 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1367
3938 msgid "Starting with Linux 3.12, these are renamed to I<cap_bit0> and you should use the I<cap_user_time> and I<cap_user_rdpmc> fields instead."
3942 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1368
3944 msgid "I<cap_bit0_is_deprecated> (since Linux 3.12)"
3945 msgstr "I<cap_bit0_is_deprecated> (Linux 3.12 以降)"
3948 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1376
3949 msgid "If set, this bit indicates that the kernel supports the properly separated I<cap_user_time> and I<cap_user_rdpmc> bits."
3953 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1383
3954 msgid "If not-set, it indicates an older kernel where I<cap_usr_time> and I<cap_usr_rdpmc> map to the same bit and thus both features should be used with caution."
3958 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1384
3960 msgid "I<cap_user_rdpmc> (since Linux 3.12)"
3961 msgstr "I<cap_user_rdpmc> (Linux 3.12 以降)"
3964 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1389
3965 msgid "If the hardware supports user-space read of performance counters without syscall (this is the \"rdpmc\" instruction on x86), then the following code can be used to do a read:"
3969 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1395
3972 "u32 seq, time_mult, time_shift, idx, width;\n"
3973 "u64 count, enabled, running;\n"
3974 "u64 cyc, time_offset;\n"
3976 "u32 seq, time_mult, time_shift, idx, width;\n"
3977 "u64 count, enabled, running;\n"
3978 "u64 cyc, time_offset;\n"
3981 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1401
3985 " seq = pc-E<gt>lock;\n"
3987 " enabled = pc-E<gt>time_enabled;\n"
3988 " running = pc-E<gt>time_running;\n"
3991 " seq = pc-E<gt>lock;\n"
3993 " enabled = pc-E<gt>time_enabled;\n"
3994 " running = pc-E<gt>time_running;\n"
3997 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1408
4000 " if (pc-E<gt>cap_usr_time && enabled != running) {\n"
4002 " time_offset = pc-E<gt>time_offset;\n"
4003 " time_mult = pc-E<gt>time_mult;\n"
4004 " time_shift = pc-E<gt>time_shift;\n"
4007 " if (pc-E<gt>cap_usr_time && enabled != running) {\n"
4009 " time_offset = pc-E<gt>time_offset;\n"
4010 " time_mult = pc-E<gt>time_mult;\n"
4011 " time_shift = pc-E<gt>time_shift;\n"
4015 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1411
4018 " idx = pc-E<gt>index;\n"
4019 " count = pc-E<gt>offset;\n"
4021 " idx = pc-E<gt>index;\n"
4022 " count = pc-E<gt>offset;\n"
4025 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1416
4028 " if (pc-E<gt>cap_usr_rdpmc && idx) {\n"
4029 " width = pc-E<gt>pmc_width;\n"
4030 " count += rdpmc(idx - 1);\n"
4033 " if (pc-E<gt>cap_usr_rdpmc && idx) {\n"
4034 " width = pc-E<gt>pmc_width;\n"
4035 " count += rdpmc(idx - 1);\n"
4039 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1419
4043 "} while (pc-E<gt>lock != seq);\n"
4046 "} while (pc-E<gt>lock != seq);\n"
4049 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1421
4051 msgid "I<cap_user_time> (since Linux 3.12)"
4052 msgstr "I<cap_user_time> (Linux 3.12 以降)"
4055 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1425
4056 msgid "This bit indicates the hardware has a constant, nonstop timestamp counter (TSC on x86)."
4060 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1425
4062 msgid "I<cap_user_time_zero> (since Linux 3.12)"
4063 msgstr "I<cap_user_time_zero> (Linux 3.12 以降)"
4066 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1431
4067 msgid "Indicates the presence of I<time_zero> which allows mapping timestamp values to the hardware clock."
4071 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1431
4073 msgid "I<pmc_width>"
4074 msgstr "I<pmc_width>"
4077 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1438
4078 msgid "If I<cap_usr_rdpmc>, this field provides the bit-width of the value read using the rdpmc or equivalent instruction. This can be used to sign extend the result like:"
4082 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1444
4085 "pmc E<lt>E<lt>= 64 - pmc_width;\n"
4086 "pmc E<gt>E<gt>= 64 - pmc_width; // signed shift right\n"
4089 "pmc E<lt>E<lt>= 64 - pmc_width;\n"
4090 "pmc E<gt>E<gt>= 64 - pmc_width; // signed shift right\n"
4094 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1446
4096 msgid "I<time_shift>, I<time_mult>, I<time_offset>"
4097 msgstr "I<time_shift>, I<time_mult>, I<time_offset>"
4100 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1453
4101 msgid "If I<cap_usr_time>, these fields can be used to compute the time delta since time_enabled (in nanoseconds) using rdtsc or similar."
4105 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1461
4110 " quot = (cyc E<gt>E<gt> time_shift);\n"
4111 " rem = cyc & ((1 E<lt>E<lt> time_shift) - 1);\n"
4112 " delta = time_offset + quot * time_mult +\n"
4113 " ((rem * time_mult) E<gt>E<gt> time_shift);\n"
4117 " quot = (cyc E<gt>E<gt> time_shift);\n"
4118 " rem = cyc & ((1 E<lt>E<lt> time_shift) - 1);\n"
4119 " delta = time_offset + quot * time_mult +\n"
4120 " ((rem * time_mult) E<gt>E<gt> time_shift);\n"
4123 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1473
4124 msgid "Where I<time_offset>, I<time_mult>, I<time_shift>, and I<cyc> are read in the seqcount loop described above. This delta can then be added to enabled and possible running (if idx), improving the scaling:"
4128 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1481
4131 " enabled += delta;\n"
4133 " running += delta;\n"
4134 " quot = count / running;\n"
4135 " rem = count % running;\n"
4136 " count = quot * enabled + (rem * enabled) / running;\n"
4138 " enabled += delta;\n"
4140 " running += delta;\n"
4141 " quot = count / running;\n"
4142 " rem = count % running;\n"
4143 " count = quot * enabled + (rem * enabled) / running;\n"
4146 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1482
4148 msgid "I<time_zero> (since Linux 3.12)"
4149 msgstr "I<time_zero> (Linux 3.12 以降)"
4152 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1490
4153 msgid "If I<cap_usr_time_zero> is set, then the hardware clock (the TSC timestamp counter on x86) can be calculated from the I<time_zero>, I<time_mult>, and I<time_shift> values:"
4157 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1496
4160 " time = timestamp - time_zero;\n"
4161 " quot = time / time_mult;\n"
4162 " rem = time % time_mult;\n"
4163 " cyc = (quot E<lt>E<lt> time_shift) + (rem E<lt>E<lt> time_shift) / time_mult;\n"
4165 " time = timestamp - time_zero;\n"
4166 " quot = time / time_mult;\n"
4167 " rem = time % time_mult;\n"
4168 " cyc = (quot E<lt>E<lt> time_shift) + (rem E<lt>E<lt> time_shift) / time_mult;\n"
4171 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1499
4172 msgid "And vice versa:"
4176 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1505
4179 " quot = cyc E<gt>E<gt> time_shift;\n"
4180 " rem = cyc & ((1 E<lt>E<lt> time_shift) - 1);\n"
4181 " timestamp = time_zero + quot * time_mult +\n"
4182 " ((rem * time_mult) E<gt>E<gt> time_shift);\n"
4184 " quot = cyc E<gt>E<gt> time_shift;\n"
4185 " rem = cyc & ((1 E<lt>E<lt> time_shift) - 1);\n"
4186 " timestamp = time_zero + quot * time_mult +\n"
4187 " ((rem * time_mult) E<gt>E<gt> time_shift);\n"
4190 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1506
4192 msgid "I<data_head>"
4193 msgstr "I<data_head>"
4196 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1512
4197 msgid "This points to the head of the data section. The value continuously increases, it does not wrap. The value needs to be manually wrapped by the size of the mmap buffer before accessing the samples."
4201 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1517
4202 msgid "On SMP-capable platforms, after reading the I<data_head> value, user space should issue an rmb()."
4206 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1517
4208 msgid "I<data_tail>"
4209 msgstr "I<data_tail>"
4212 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1525
4213 msgid "When the mapping is B<PROT_WRITE>, the I<data_tail> value should be written by user space to reflect the last read data. In this case, the kernel will not overwrite unread data."
4217 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1527
4218 msgid "The following 2^n ring-buffer pages have the layout described below."
4222 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1541
4223 msgid "If I<perf_event_attr.sample_id_all> is set, then all event types will have the sample_type selected fields related to where/when (identity) an event took place (TID, TIME, ID, CPU, STREAM_ID) described in B<PERF_RECORD_SAMPLE> below, it will be stashed just after the I<perf_event_header> and the fields already present for the existing fields, that is, at the end of the payload. That way a newer perf.data file will be supported by older perf tools, with these new optional fields being ignored."
4227 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1543
4228 msgid "The mmap values start with a header:"
4232 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1551
4235 "struct perf_event_header {\n"
4241 "struct perf_event_header {\n"
4248 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1559
4249 msgid "Below, we describe the I<perf_event_header> fields in more detail. For ease of reading, the fields with shorter descriptions are presented first."
4253 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1562
4254 msgid "This indicates the size of the record."
4258 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1562
4264 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1567
4265 msgid "The I<misc> field contains additional information about the sample."
4269 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1572
4270 msgid "The CPU mode can be determined from this value by masking with B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_CPUMODE_MASK> and looking for one of the following (note these are not bit masks, only one can be set at a time):"
4274 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1573
4276 msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_CPUMODE_UNKNOWN>"
4277 msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_CPUMODE_UNKNOWN>"
4280 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1576
4281 msgid "Unknown CPU mode."
4285 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1576
4287 msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_KERNEL>"
4288 msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_KERNEL>"
4291 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1579
4292 msgid "Sample happened in the kernel."
4296 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1579
4298 msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_USER>"
4299 msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_USER>"
4302 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1582
4303 msgid "Sample happened in user code."
4307 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1582
4309 msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_HYPERVISOR>"
4310 msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_HYPERVISOR>"
4313 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1585
4314 msgid "Sample happened in the hypervisor."
4318 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1585
4320 msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_GUEST_KERNEL> (since Linux2.6.35)"
4321 msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_GUEST_KERNEL> (Linux 2.6.35 以降)"
4323 #. commit 39447b386c846bbf1c56f6403c5282837486200f
4325 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1589
4326 msgid "Sample happened in the guest kernel."
4330 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1589
4332 msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_GUEST_USER (since Linux2.6.35)>"
4333 msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_GUEST_USER (Linux 2.6.35 以降)>"
4335 #. commit 39447b386c846bbf1c56f6403c5282837486200f
4337 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1593
4338 msgid "Sample happened in guest user code."
4342 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1597
4343 msgid "In addition, one of the following bits can be set:"
4347 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1597
4349 msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_MMAP_DATA> (since Linux 3.10)"
4350 msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_MMAP_DATA> (Linux 3.10 以降)"
4352 #. commit 2fe85427e3bf65d791700d065132772fc26e4d75
4354 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1602
4355 msgid "This is set when the mapping is not executable; otherwise the mapping is executable."
4359 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1602
4361 msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_COMM_EXEC> (since Linux 3.16)"
4362 msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_COMM_EXEC> (Linux 3.16 以降)"
4364 #. commit 82b897782d10fcc4930c9d4a15b175348fdd2871
4366 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1614
4367 msgid "This is set for a B<PERF_RECORD_COMM> record on kernels more recent than Linux 3.16 if a process name change was caused by an B<exec>(2) system call. It is an alias for B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_MMAP_DATA> since the two values would not be set in the same record."
4371 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1614
4373 msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_EXACT_IP>"
4374 msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_EXACT_IP>"
4377 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1622
4378 msgid "This indicates that the content of B<PERF_SAMPLE_IP> points to the actual instruction that triggered the event. See also I<perf_event_attr.precise_ip>."
4382 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1622
4384 msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_EXT_RESERVED> (since Linux 2.6.35)"
4385 msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_EXT_RESERVED> (Linux 2.6.35 以降)"
4387 #. commit 1676b8a077c352085d52578fb4f29350b58b6e74
4389 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1626
4390 msgid "This indicates there is extended data available (currently not used)."
4394 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1636
4395 msgid "The I<type> value is one of the below. The values in the corresponding record (that follows the header) depend on the I<type> selected as shown."
4399 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1638
4401 msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_MMAP>"
4402 msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_MMAP>"
4405 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1645
4406 msgid "The MMAP events record the B<PROT_EXEC> mappings so that we can correlate user-space IPs to code. They have the following structure:"
4410 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1656
4414 " struct perf_event_header header;\n"
4419 " char filename[];\n"
4423 " struct perf_event_header header;\n"
4428 " char filename[];\n"
4432 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1659 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1713
4433 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2232
4439 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1662 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1716
4440 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2235
4441 msgid "is the process ID."
4445 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1662 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1716
4446 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2235
4452 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1665 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1719
4453 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2238
4454 msgid "is the thread ID."
4458 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1665 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1849
4459 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2238
4465 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1674
4466 msgid "is the address of the allocated memory. I<len> is the length of the allocated memory. I<pgoff> is the page offset of the allocated memory. I<filename> is a string describing the backing of the allocated memory."
4470 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1675
4472 msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_LOST>"
4473 msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_LOST>"
4476 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1678
4477 msgid "This record indicates when events are lost."
4481 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1687
4485 " struct perf_event_header header;\n"
4488 " struct sample_id sample_id;\n"
4492 " struct perf_event_header header;\n"
4495 " struct sample_id sample_id;\n"
4499 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1693
4500 msgid "is the unique event ID for the samples that were lost."
4504 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1693
4510 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1696
4511 msgid "is the number of events that were lost."
4515 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1697
4517 msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_COMM>"
4518 msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_COMM>"
4521 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1700
4522 msgid "This record indicates a change in the process name."
4526 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1710
4530 " struct perf_event_header header;\n"
4534 " struct sample_id sample_id;\n"
4538 " struct perf_event_header header;\n"
4542 " struct sample_id sample_id;\n"
4546 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1722
4547 msgid "is a string containing the new name of the process."
4551 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1723
4553 msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_EXIT>"
4554 msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_EXIT>"
4557 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1726
4558 msgid "This record indicates a process exit event."
4562 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1736 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1766
4566 " struct perf_event_header header;\n"
4570 " struct sample_id sample_id;\n"
4574 " struct perf_event_header header;\n"
4578 " struct sample_id sample_id;\n"
4582 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1738
4584 msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_THROTTLE>, B<PERF_RECORD_UNTHROTTLE>"
4585 msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_THROTTLE>, B<PERF_RECORD_UNTHROTTLE>"
4588 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1741
4589 msgid "This record indicates a throttle/unthrottle event."
4593 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1751
4597 " struct perf_event_header header;\n"
4601 " struct sample_id sample_id;\n"
4605 " struct perf_event_header header;\n"
4609 " struct sample_id sample_id;\n"
4613 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1753
4615 msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_FORK>"
4616 msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_FORK>"
4619 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1756
4620 msgid "This record indicates a fork event."
4624 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1768
4626 msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_READ>"
4627 msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_READ>"
4630 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1771
4631 msgid "This record indicates a read event."
4635 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1780
4639 " struct perf_event_header header;\n"
4641 " struct read_format values;\n"
4642 " struct sample_id sample_id;\n"
4646 " struct perf_event_header header;\n"
4648 " struct read_format values;\n"
4649 " struct sample_id sample_id;\n"
4653 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1782
4655 msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_SAMPLE>"
4656 msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_SAMPLE>"
4659 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1785
4660 msgid "This record indicates a sample."
4664 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1817
4668 " struct perf_event_header header;\n"
4669 " u64 sample_id; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_IDENTIFIER */\n"
4670 " u64 ip; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_IP */\n"
4671 " u32 pid, tid; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_TID */\n"
4672 " u64 time; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_TIME */\n"
4673 " u64 addr; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_ADDR */\n"
4674 " u64 id; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_ID */\n"
4675 " u64 stream_id; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_STREAM_ID */\n"
4676 " u32 cpu, res; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_CPU */\n"
4677 " u64 period; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_PERIOD */\n"
4678 " struct read_format v; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_READ */\n"
4679 " u64 nr; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_CALLCHAIN */\n"
4680 " u64 ips[nr]; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_CALLCHAIN */\n"
4681 " u32 size; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_RAW */\n"
4682 " char data[size]; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_RAW */\n"
4683 " u64 bnr; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK */\n"
4684 " struct perf_branch_entry lbr[bnr];\n"
4685 " /* if PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK */\n"
4686 " u64 abi; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_USER */\n"
4687 " u64 regs[weight(mask)];\n"
4688 " /* if PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_USER */\n"
4689 " u64 size; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER */\n"
4690 " char data[size]; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER */\n"
4691 " u64 dyn_size; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER */\n"
4692 " u64 weight; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_WEIGHT */\n"
4693 " u64 data_src; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_DATA_SRC */\n"
4694 " u64 transaction;/* if PERF_SAMPLE_TRANSACTION */\n"
4698 " struct perf_event_header header;\n"
4699 " u64 sample_id; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_IDENTIFIER */\n"
4700 " u64 ip; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_IP */\n"
4701 " u32 pid, tid; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_TID */\n"
4702 " u64 time; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_TIME */\n"
4703 " u64 addr; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_ADDR */\n"
4704 " u64 id; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_ID */\n"
4705 " u64 stream_id; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_STREAM_ID */\n"
4706 " u32 cpu, res; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_CPU */\n"
4707 " u64 period; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_PERIOD */\n"
4708 " struct read_format v; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_READ */\n"
4709 " u64 nr; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_CALLCHAIN */\n"
4710 " u64 ips[nr]; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_CALLCHAIN */\n"
4711 " u32 size; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_RAW */\n"
4712 " char data[size]; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_RAW */\n"
4713 " u64 bnr; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK */\n"
4714 " struct perf_branch_entry lbr[bnr];\n"
4715 " /* if PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK */\n"
4716 " u64 abi; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_USER */\n"
4717 " u64 regs[weight(mask)];\n"
4718 " /* if PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_USER */\n"
4719 " u64 size; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER */\n"
4720 " char data[size]; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER */\n"
4721 " u64 dyn_size; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER */\n"
4722 " u64 weight; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_WEIGHT */\n"
4723 " u64 data_src; /* if PERF_SAMPLE_DATA_SRC */\n"
4724 " u64 transaction;/* if PERF_SAMPLE_TRANSACTION */\n"
4728 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1819
4730 msgid "I<sample_id>"
4731 msgstr "I<sample_id>"
4734 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1829
4735 msgid "If B<PERF_SAMPLE_IDENTIFIER> is enabled, a 64-bit unique ID is included. This is a duplication of the B<PERF_SAMPLE_ID> I<id> value, but included at the beginning of the sample so parsers can easily obtain the value."
4739 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1829
4745 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1835
4746 msgid "If B<PERF_SAMPLE_IP> is enabled, then a 64-bit instruction pointer value is included."
4750 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1835
4752 msgid "I<pid>, I<tid>"
4753 msgstr "I<pid>, I<tid>"
4756 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1841
4757 msgid "If B<PERF_SAMPLE_TID> is enabled, then a 32-bit process ID and 32-bit thread ID are included."
4761 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1841
4767 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1849
4768 msgid "If B<PERF_SAMPLE_TIME> is enabled, then a 64-bit timestamp is included. This is obtained via local_clock() which is a hardware timestamp if available and the jiffies value if not."
4772 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1856
4773 msgid "If B<PERF_SAMPLE_ADDR> is enabled, then a 64-bit address is included. This is usually the address of a tracepoint, breakpoint, or software event; otherwise the value is 0."
4777 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1864
4778 msgid "If B<PERF_SAMPLE_ID> is enabled, a 64-bit unique ID is included. If the event is a member of an event group, the group leader ID is returned. This ID is the same as the one returned by B<PERF_FORMAT_ID>."
4782 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1864
4784 msgid "I<stream_id>"
4785 msgstr "I<stream_id>"
4788 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1874
4789 msgid "If B<PERF_SAMPLE_STREAM_ID> is enabled, a 64-bit unique ID is included. Unlike B<PERF_SAMPLE_ID> the actual ID is returned, not the group leader. This ID is the same as the one returned by B<PERF_FORMAT_ID>."
4793 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1874
4795 msgid "I<cpu>, I<res>"
4796 msgstr "I<cpu>, I<res>"
4799 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1881
4800 msgid "If B<PERF_SAMPLE_CPU> is enabled, this is a 32-bit value indicating which CPU was being used, in addition to a reserved (unused) 32-bit value."
4804 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1881
4810 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1887
4811 msgid "If B<PERF_SAMPLE_PERIOD> is enabled, a 64-bit value indicating the current sampling period is written."
4815 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1887
4821 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1898
4822 msgid "If B<PERF_SAMPLE_READ> is enabled, a structure of type read_format is included which has values for all events in the event group. The values included depend on the I<read_format> value used at B<perf_event_open>() time."
4826 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1898
4828 msgid "I<nr>, I<ips[nr]>"
4829 msgstr "I<nr>, I<ips[nr]>"
4832 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1906
4833 msgid "If B<PERF_SAMPLE_CALLCHAIN> is enabled, then a 64-bit number is included which indicates how many following 64-bit instruction pointers will follow. This is the current callchain."
4837 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1906
4839 msgid "I<size>, I<data[size]>"
4840 msgstr "I<size>, I<data[size]>"
4843 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1913
4844 msgid "If B<PERF_SAMPLE_RAW> is enabled, then a 32-bit value indicating size is included followed by an array of 8-bit values of length size. The values are padded with 0 to have 64-bit alignment."
4848 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1918
4849 msgid "This RAW record data is opaque with respect to the ABI. The ABI doesn't make any promises with respect to the stability of its content, it may vary depending on event, hardware, and kernel version."
4853 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1918
4855 msgid "I<bnr>, I<lbr[bnr]>"
4856 msgstr "I<bnr>, I<lbr[bnr]>"
4859 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1927
4860 msgid "If B<PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK> is enabled, then a 64-bit value indicating the number of records is included, followed by I<bnr> I<perf_branch_entry> structures which each include the fields:"
4864 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1928
4870 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1931
4871 msgid "This indicates the source instruction (may not be a branch)."
4875 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1931
4881 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1934
4882 msgid "The branch target."
4886 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1934
4892 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1937
4893 msgid "The branch target was mispredicted."
4897 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1937
4899 msgid "I<predicted>"
4900 msgstr "I<predicted>"
4903 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1940
4904 msgid "The branch target was predicted."
4908 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1940
4910 msgid "I<in_tx> (since Linux 3.11)"
4911 msgstr "I<in_tx> (Linux 3.11 以降)"
4914 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1943
4915 msgid "The branch was in a transactional memory transaction."
4919 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1943
4921 msgid "I<abort> (since Linux 3.11)"
4922 msgstr "I<abort> (Linux 3.11 以降)"
4925 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1946
4926 msgid "The branch was in an aborted transactional memory transaction."
4930 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1950
4931 msgid "The entries are from most to least recent, so the first entry has the most recent branch."
4935 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1957
4936 msgid "Support for I<mispred> and I<predicted> is optional; if not supported, both values will be 0."
4940 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1961
4941 msgid "The type of branches recorded is specified by the I<branch_sample_type> field."
4945 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1963
4947 msgid "I<abi>, I<regs[weight(mask)]>"
4948 msgstr "I<abi>, I<regs[weight(mask)]>"
4951 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1968
4952 msgid "If B<PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_USER> is enabled, then the user CPU registers are recorded."
4956 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1974
4957 msgid "The I<abi> field is one of B<PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_ABI_NONE>, B<PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_ABI_32> or B<PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_ABI_64>."
4961 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1984
4962 msgid "The I<regs> field is an array of the CPU registers that were specified by the I<sample_regs_user> attr field. The number of values is the number of bits set in the I<sample_regs_user> bit mask."
4966 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:1984
4968 msgid "I<size>, I<data[size]>, I<dyn_size>"
4969 msgstr "I<size>, I<data[size]>, I<dyn_size>"
4972 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2000
4973 msgid "If B<PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER> is enabled, then the user stack is recorded. This can be used to generate stack backtraces. I<size> is the size requested by the user in I<sample_stack_user> or else the maximum record size. I<data> is the stack data (a raw dump of the memory pointed to by the stack pointer at the time of sampling). I<dyn_size> is the amount of data actually dumped (can be less than I<size>)."
4977 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2000
4983 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2008
4984 msgid "If B<PERF_SAMPLE_WEIGHT> is enabled, then a 64-bit value provided by the hardware is recorded that indicates how costly the event was. This allows expensive events to stand out more clearly in profiles."
4988 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2008
4991 msgstr "I<data_src>"
4994 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2014
4995 msgid "If B<PERF_SAMPLE_DATA_SRC> is enabled, then a 64-bit value is recorded that is made up of the following fields:"
4999 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2015
5005 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2018
5006 msgid "Type of opcode, a bitwise combination of:"
5010 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2021
5012 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_OP_NA>"
5013 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_OP_NA>"
5016 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2024 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2049
5017 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2100 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2124
5018 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2140
5019 msgid "Not available"
5023 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2024
5025 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_OP_LOAD>"
5026 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_OP_LOAD>"
5029 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2027
5030 msgid "Load instruction"
5034 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2027
5036 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_OP_STORE>"
5037 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_OP_STORE>"
5040 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2030
5041 msgid "Store instruction"
5045 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2030
5047 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_OP_PFETCH>"
5048 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_OP_PFETCH>"
5051 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2033
5056 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2033
5058 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_OP_EXEC>"
5059 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_OP_EXEC>"
5062 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2036
5063 msgid "Executable code"
5067 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2038
5073 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2043
5074 msgid "Memory hierarchy level hit or miss, a bitwise combination of the following, shifted left by B<PERF_MEM_LVL_SHIFT>:"
5078 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2046
5080 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_NA>"
5081 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_NA>"
5084 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2049
5086 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_HIT>"
5087 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_HIT>"
5090 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2052 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2143
5095 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2052
5097 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_MISS>"
5098 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_MISS>"
5101 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2055 build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2146
5106 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2055
5108 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_L1>"
5109 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_L1>"
5112 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2058
5113 msgid "Level 1 cache"
5117 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2058
5119 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_LFB>"
5120 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_LFB>"
5123 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2061
5124 msgid "Line fill buffer"
5128 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2061
5130 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_L2>"
5131 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_L2>"
5134 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2064
5135 msgid "Level 2 cache"
5139 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2064
5141 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_L3>"
5142 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_L3>"
5145 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2067
5146 msgid "Level 3 cache"
5150 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2067
5152 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_LOC_RAM>"
5153 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_LOC_RAM>"
5156 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2070
5161 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2070
5163 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_REM_RAM1>"
5164 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_REM_RAM1>"
5167 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2073
5168 msgid "Remote DRAM 1 hop"
5172 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2073
5174 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_REM_RAM2>"
5175 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_REM_RAM2>"
5178 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2076
5179 msgid "Remote DRAM 2 hops"
5183 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2076
5185 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_REM_CCE1>"
5186 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_REM_CCE1>"
5189 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2079
5190 msgid "Remote cache 1 hop"
5194 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2079
5196 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_REM_CCE2>"
5197 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_REM_CCE2>"
5200 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2082
5201 msgid "Remote cache 2 hops"
5205 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2082
5207 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_IO>"
5208 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_IO>"
5211 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2085
5216 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2085
5218 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_UNC>"
5219 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_LVL_UNC>"
5222 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2088
5223 msgid "Uncached memory"
5227 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2090
5229 msgid "I<mem_snoop>"
5230 msgstr "I<mem_snoop>"
5233 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2094
5234 msgid "Snoop mode, a bitwise combination of the following, shifted left by B<PERF_MEM_SNOOP_SHIFT>:"
5238 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2097
5240 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_SNOOP_NA>"
5241 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_SNOOP_NA>"
5244 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2100
5246 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_SNOOP_NONE>"
5247 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_SNOOP_NONE>"
5250 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2103
5255 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2103
5257 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_SNOOP_HIT>"
5258 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_SNOOP_HIT>"
5261 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2106
5266 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2106
5268 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_SNOOP_MISS>"
5269 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_SNOOP_MISS>"
5272 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2109
5277 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2109
5279 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_SNOOP_HITM>"
5280 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_SNOOP_HITM>"
5283 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2112
5284 msgid "Snoop hit modified"
5288 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2114
5291 msgstr "I<mem_lock>"
5294 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2118
5295 msgid "Lock instruction, a bitwise combination of the following, shifted left by B<PERF_MEM_LOCK_SHIFT>:"
5299 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2121
5301 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_LOCK_NA>"
5302 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_LOCK_NA>"
5305 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2124
5307 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_LOCK_LOCKED>"
5308 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_LOCK_LOCKED>"
5311 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2127
5312 msgid "Locked transaction"
5316 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2129
5319 msgstr "I<mem_dtlb>"
5322 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2134
5323 msgid "TLB access hit or miss, a bitwise combination of the following, shifted left by B<PERF_MEM_TLB_SHIFT>:"
5327 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2137
5329 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_TLB_NA>"
5330 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_TLB_NA>"
5333 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2140
5335 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_TLB_HIT>"
5336 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_TLB_HIT>"
5339 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2143
5341 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_TLB_MISS>"
5342 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_TLB_MISS>"
5345 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2146
5347 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_TLB_L1>"
5348 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_TLB_L1>"
5351 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2149
5356 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2149
5358 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_TLB_L2>"
5359 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_TLB_L2>"
5362 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2152
5367 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2152
5369 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_TLB_WK>"
5370 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_TLB_WK>"
5373 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2155
5374 msgid "Hardware walker"
5378 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2155
5380 msgid "B<PERF_MEM_TLB_OS>"
5381 msgstr "B<PERF_MEM_TLB_OS>"
5384 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2158
5385 msgid "OS fault handler"
5389 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2161
5391 msgid "I<transaction>"
5392 msgstr "I<transaction>"
5395 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2167
5396 msgid "If the B<PERF_SAMPLE_TRANSACTION> flag is set, then a 64-bit field is recorded describing the sources of any transactional memory aborts."
5400 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2169
5401 msgid "The field is a bitwise combination of the following values:"
5405 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2170
5407 msgid "B<PERF_TXN_ELISION>"
5408 msgstr "B<PERF_TXN_ELISION>"
5411 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2173
5412 msgid "Abort from an elision type transaction (Intel-CPU-specific)."
5416 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2173
5418 msgid "B<PERF_TXN_TRANSACTION>"
5419 msgstr "B<PERF_TXN_TRANSACTION>"
5422 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2176
5423 msgid "Abort from a generic transaction."
5427 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2176
5429 msgid "B<PERF_TXN_SYNC>"
5430 msgstr "B<PERF_TXN_SYNC>"
5433 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2179
5434 msgid "Synchronous abort (related to the reported instruction)."
5438 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2179
5440 msgid "B<PERF_TXN_ASYNC>"
5441 msgstr "B<PERF_TXN_ASYNC>"
5444 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2182
5445 msgid "Asynchronous abort (not related to the reported instruction)."
5449 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2182
5451 msgid "B<PERF_TXN_RETRY>"
5452 msgstr "B<PERF_TXN_RETRY>"
5455 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2185
5456 msgid "Retryable abort (retrying the transaction may have succeeded)."
5460 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2185
5462 msgid "B<PERF_TXN_CONFLICT>"
5463 msgstr "B<PERF_TXN_CONFLICT>"
5466 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2188
5467 msgid "Abort due to memory conflicts with other threads."
5471 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2188
5473 msgid "B<PERF_TXN_CAPACITY_WRITE>"
5477 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2191
5478 msgid "Abort due to write capacity overflow."
5482 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2191
5484 msgid "B<PERF_TXN_CAPACITY_READ>"
5488 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2194
5489 msgid "Abort due to read capacity overflow."
5493 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2201
5494 msgid "In addition, a user-specified abort code can be obtained from the high 32 bits of the field by shifting right by B<PERF_TXN_ABORT_SHIFT> and masking with B<PERF_TXN_ABORT_MASK>."
5498 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2202
5500 msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_MMAP2>"
5501 msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_MMAP2>"
5504 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2211
5505 msgid "This record includes extended information on B<mmap>(2) calls returning executable mappings. The format is similar to that of the B<PERF_RECORD_MMAP> record, but includes extra values that allow uniquely identifying shared mappings."
5509 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2230
5513 " struct perf_event_header header;\n"
5522 " u64 ino_generation;\n"
5525 " char filename[];\n"
5526 " struct sample_id sample_id;\n"
5530 " struct perf_event_header header;\n"
5539 " u64 ino_generation;\n"
5542 " char filename[];\n"
5543 " struct sample_id sample_id;\n"
5547 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2241
5548 msgid "is the address of the allocated memory."
5552 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2241
5558 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2244
5559 msgid "is the length of the allocated memory."
5563 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2244
5569 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2247
5570 msgid "is the page offset of the allocated memory."
5574 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2247
5580 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2250
5581 msgid "is the major ID of the underlying device."
5585 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2250
5591 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2253
5592 msgid "is the minor ID of the underlying device."
5596 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2253
5602 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2256
5603 msgid "is the inode number."
5607 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2256
5609 msgid "I<ino_generation>"
5610 msgstr "I<ino_generation>"
5613 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2259
5614 msgid "is the inode generation."
5618 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2259
5624 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2262
5625 msgid "is the protection information."
5629 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2262
5635 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2265
5636 msgid "is the flags information."
5640 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2265
5643 msgstr "I<filename>"
5646 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2268
5647 msgid "is a string describing the backing of the allocated memory."
5651 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2270
5653 msgid "Overflow handling"
5657 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2283
5658 msgid "Events can be set to notify when a threshold is crossed, indicating an overflow. Overflow conditions can be captured by monitoring the event file descriptor with B<poll>(2), B<select>(2), or B<epoll>(2). Alternately, a SIGIO signal handler can be created and the event configured with B<fcntl>(2) to generate SIGIO signals."
5662 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2287
5663 msgid "Overflows are only generated by sampling events (I<sample_period> must have a nonzero value)."
5667 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2289
5668 msgid "There are two ways to generate overflow notifications."
5672 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2299
5673 msgid "The first is to set a I<wakeup_events> or I<wakeup_watermark> value that will trigger if a certain number of samples or bytes have been written to the mmap ring buffer. In this case B<POLL_IN> is indicated."
5677 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2311
5678 msgid "The other way is by use of the B<PERF_EVENT_IOC_REFRESH> ioctl. This ioctl adds to a counter that decrements each time the event overflows. When nonzero, B<POLL_IN> is indicated, but once the counter reaches 0 B<POLL_HUP> is indicated and the underlying event is disabled."
5682 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2316
5683 msgid "Starting with Linux 3.18, B<POLL_HUP> is indicated if the event being monitored is attached to a different process and that process exits."
5687 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2316
5689 msgid "rdpmc instruction"
5693 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2323
5694 msgid "Starting with Linux 3.4 on x86, you can use the I<rdpmc> instruction to get low-latency reads without having to enter the kernel. Note that using I<rdpmc> is not necessarily faster than other methods for reading event values."
5698 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2328
5699 msgid "Support for this can be detected with the I<cap_usr_rdpmc> field in the mmap page; documentation on how to calculate event values can be found in that section."
5703 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2328
5705 msgid "perf_event ioctl calls"
5709 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2333
5710 msgid "Various ioctls act on B<perf_event_open>() file descriptors:"
5714 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2333
5716 msgid "B<PERF_EVENT_IOC_ENABLE>"
5717 msgstr "B<PERF_EVENT_IOC_ENABLE>"
5720 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2337
5721 msgid "This enables the individual event or event group specified by the file descriptor argument."
5725 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2343
5726 msgid "If the B<PERF_IOC_FLAG_GROUP> bit is set in the ioctl argument, then all events in a group are enabled, even if the event specified is not the group leader (but see BUGS)."
5730 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2343
5732 msgid "B<PERF_EVENT_IOC_DISABLE>"
5733 msgstr "B<PERF_EVENT_IOC_DISABLE>"
5736 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2347
5737 msgid "This disables the individual counter or event group specified by the file descriptor argument."
5741 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2354
5742 msgid "Enabling or disabling the leader of a group enables or disables the entire group; that is, while the group leader is disabled, none of the counters in the group will count. Enabling or disabling a member of a group other than the leader affects only that counter; disabling a non-leader stops that counter from counting but doesn't affect any other counter."
5746 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2360
5747 msgid "If the B<PERF_IOC_FLAG_GROUP> bit is set in the ioctl argument, then all events in a group are disabled, even if the event specified is not the group leader (but see BUGS)."
5751 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2360
5753 msgid "B<PERF_EVENT_IOC_REFRESH>"
5754 msgstr "B<PERF_EVENT_IOC_REFRESH>"
5757 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2374
5758 msgid "Non-inherited overflow counters can use this to enable a counter for a number of overflows specified by the argument, after which it is disabled. Subsequent calls of this ioctl add the argument value to the current count. An overflow notification with B<POLL_IN> set will happen on each overflow until the count reaches 0; when that happens a notification with B<POLL_HUP> set is sent and the event is disabled. Using an argument of 0 is considered undefined behavior."
5762 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2374
5764 msgid "B<PERF_EVENT_IOC_RESET>"
5765 msgstr "B<PERF_EVENT_IOC_RESET>"
5768 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2384
5769 msgid "Reset the event count specified by the file descriptor argument to zero. This resets only the counts; there is no way to reset the multiplexing I<time_enabled> or I<time_running> values."
5773 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2390
5774 msgid "If the B<PERF_IOC_FLAG_GROUP> bit is set in the ioctl argument, then all events in a group are reset, even if the event specified is not the group leader (but see BUGS)."
5778 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2390
5780 msgid "B<PERF_EVENT_IOC_PERIOD>"
5781 msgstr "B<PERF_EVENT_IOC_PERIOD>"
5784 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2393
5785 msgid "This updates the overflow period for the event."
5789 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2398
5790 msgid "Since Linux 3.7 (on ARM) and Linux 3.14 (all other architectures), the new period takes effect immediately. On older kernels, the new period did not take effect until after the next overflow."
5794 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2401
5795 msgid "The argument is a pointer to a 64-bit value containing the desired new period."
5799 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2404
5800 msgid "Prior to Linux 2.6.36 this ioctl always failed due to a bug in the kernel."
5804 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2405
5806 msgid "B<PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_OUTPUT>"
5810 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2410
5811 msgid "This tells the kernel to report event notifications to the specified file descriptor rather than the default one. The file descriptors must all be on the same CPU."
5815 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2413
5816 msgid "The argument specifies the desired file descriptor, or -1 if output should be ignored."
5820 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2413
5822 msgid "B<PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_FILTER> (since Linux 2.6.33)"
5823 msgstr "B<PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_FILTER> (Linux 2.6.33 以降)"
5825 #. commit 6fb2915df7f0747d9044da9dbff5b46dc2e20830
5827 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2417
5828 msgid "This adds an ftrace filter to this event."
5832 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2419
5833 msgid "The argument is a pointer to the desired ftrace filter."
5837 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2419
5839 msgid "B<PERF_EVENT_IOC_ID> (since Linux 3.12)"
5840 msgstr "B<PERF_EVENT_IOC_ID> (Linux 3.12 以降)"
5842 #. commit cf4957f17f2a89984915ea808876d9c82225b862
5844 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2423
5845 msgid "This returns the event ID value for the given event file descriptor."
5849 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2426
5850 msgid "The argument is a pointer to a 64-bit unsigned integer to hold the result."
5854 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2426
5860 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2439
5861 msgid "A process can enable or disable all the event groups that are attached to it using the B<prctl>(2) B<PR_TASK_PERF_EVENTS_ENABLE> and B<PR_TASK_PERF_EVENTS_DISABLE> operations. This applies to all counters on the calling process, whether created by this process or by another, and does not affect any counters that this process has created on other processes. It enables or disables only the group leaders, not any other members in the groups."
5865 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2439
5867 msgid "perf_event related configuration files"
5871 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2442
5872 msgid "Files in I</proc/sys/kernel/>"
5876 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2443
5878 msgid "I</proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid>"
5882 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2449
5883 msgid "The I<perf_event_paranoid> file can be set to restrict access to the performance counters."
5887 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2450
5893 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2452
5894 msgid "only allow user-space measurements."
5898 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2452
5904 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2454
5905 msgid "allow both kernel and user measurements (default)."
5909 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2454
5915 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2456
5916 msgid "allow access to CPU-specific data but not raw tracepoint samples."
5920 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2456
5926 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2458
5927 msgid "no restrictions."
5931 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2464
5932 msgid "The existence of the I<perf_event_paranoid> file is the official method for determining if a kernel supports B<perf_event_open>()."
5936 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2464
5938 msgid "I</proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_max_sample_rate>"
5942 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2473
5943 msgid "This sets the maximum sample rate. Setting this too high can allow users to sample at a rate that impacts overall machine performance and potentially lock up the machine. The default value is 100000 (samples per second)."
5947 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2473
5949 msgid "I</proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_mlock_kb>"
5953 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2479
5954 msgid "Maximum number of pages an unprivileged user can B<mlock>(2). The default is 516 (kB)."
5958 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2483
5959 msgid "Files in I</sys/bus/event_source/devices/>"
5963 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2489
5964 msgid "Since Linux 2.6.34, the kernel supports having multiple PMUs available for monitoring. Information on how to program these PMUs can be found under I</sys/bus/event_source/devices/>. Each subdirectory corresponds to a different PMU."
5968 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2489
5970 msgid "I</sys/bus/event_source/devices/*/type> (since Linux 2.6.38)"
5971 msgstr "I</sys/bus/event_source/devices/*/type> (Linux 2.6.38 以降)"
5974 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2496
5975 msgid "This contains an integer that can be used in the I<type> field of I<perf_event_attr> to indicate that you wish to use this PMU."
5979 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2496
5981 msgid "I</sys/bus/event_source/devices/*/rdpmc> (since Linux 3.4)"
5982 msgstr "I</sys/bus/event_source/devices/*/rdpmc> (Linux 3.4 以降)"
5985 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2501
5986 msgid "If this file is 1, then direct user-space access to the performance counter registers is allowed via the rdpmc instruction. This can be disabled by echoing 0 to the file."
5990 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2501
5992 msgid "I</sys/bus/event_source/devices/*/format/> (since Linux 3.4)"
5993 msgstr "I</sys/bus/event_source/devices/*/format/> (Linux 3.4 以降)"
5996 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2509
5997 msgid "This subdirectory contains information on the architecture-specific subfields available for programming the various I<config> fields in the I<perf_event_attr> struct."
6001 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2520
6002 msgid "The content of each file is the name of the config field, followed by a colon, followed by a series of integer bit ranges separated by commas. For example, the file I<event> may contain the value I<config1:1,6-10,44> which indicates that event is an attribute that occupies bits 1,6-10, and 44 of I<perf_event_attr::config1>."
6006 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2520
6008 msgid "I</sys/bus/event_source/devices/*/events/> (since Linux 3.4)"
6009 msgstr "I</sys/bus/event_source/devices/*/events/> (Linux 3.4 以降)"
6012 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2529
6013 msgid "This subdirectory contains files with predefined events. The contents are strings describing the event settings expressed in terms of the fields found in the previously mentioned I<./format/> directory. These are not necessarily complete lists of all events supported by a PMU, but usually a subset of events deemed useful or interesting."
6017 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2537
6018 msgid "The content of each file is a list of attribute names separated by commas. Each entry has an optional value (either hex or decimal). If no value is specified, then it is assumed to be a single-bit field with a value of 1. An example entry may look like this: I<event=0x2,inv,ldlat=3>."
6022 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2537
6024 msgid "I</sys/bus/event_source/devices/*/uevent>"
6025 msgstr "I</sys/bus/event_source/devices/*/uevent>"
6028 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2541
6029 msgid "This file is the standard kernel device interface for injecting hotplug events."
6033 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2541
6035 msgid "I</sys/bus/event_source/devices/*/cpumask> (since Linux 3.7)"
6036 msgstr "I</sys/bus/event_source/devices/*/cpumask> (Linux 3.7 以降)"
6039 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2550
6040 msgid "The I<cpumask> file contains a comma-separated list of integers that indicate a representative CPU number for each socket (package) on the motherboard. This is needed when setting up uncore or northbridge events, as those PMUs present socket-wide events."
6044 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2557
6045 msgid "B<perf_event_open>() returns the new file descriptor, or -1 if an error occurred (in which case, I<errno> is set appropriately)."
6049 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2562
6050 msgid "The errors returned by B<perf_event_open>() can be inconsistent, and may vary across processor architectures and performance monitoring units."
6054 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2562
6060 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2579
6061 msgid "Returned if the I<perf_event_attr> I<size> value is too small (smaller than B<PERF_ATTR_SIZE_VER0>), too big (larger than the page size), or larger than the kernel supports and the extra bytes are not zero. When B<E2BIG> is returned, the I<perf_event_attr> I<size> field is overwritten by the kernel to be the size of the structure it was expecting."
6065 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2593
6066 msgid "Returned when the requested event requires B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> permissions (or a more permissive perf_event paranoid setting). Some common cases where an unprivileged process may encounter this error: attaching to a process owned by a different user; monitoring all processes on a given CPU (i.e., specifying the I<pid> argument as -1); and not setting I<exclude_kernel> when the paranoid setting requires it."
6070 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2593 build/C/man2/sendfile.2:121
6071 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:157 build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:133
6077 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2603
6078 msgid "Returned if the I<group_fd> file descriptor is not valid, or, if B<PERF_FLAG_PID_CGROUP> is set, the cgroup file descriptor in I<pid> is not valid."
6082 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2608
6083 msgid "Returned if the I<attr> pointer points at an invalid memory address."
6087 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2634
6088 msgid "Returned if the specified event is invalid. There are many possible reasons for this. A not-exhaustive list: I<sample_freq> is higher than the maximum setting; the I<cpu> to monitor does not exist; I<read_format> is out of range; I<sample_type> is out of range; the I<flags> value is out of range; I<exclusive> or I<pinned> set and the event is not a group leader; the event I<config> values are out of range or set reserved bits; the generic event selected is not supported; or there is not enough room to add the selected event."
6092 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2634
6098 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2640
6099 msgid "Each opened event uses one file descriptor. If a large number of events are opened the per-user file descriptor limit (often 1024) will be hit and no more events can be created."
6103 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2644
6104 msgid "Returned when the event involves a feature not supported by the current CPU."
6108 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2644 build/C/man2/quotactl.2:440
6114 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2651
6115 msgid "Returned if the I<type> setting is not valid. This error is also returned for some unsupported generic events."
6119 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2651
6125 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2661
6126 msgid "Prior to Linux 3.3, if there was not enough room for the event, B<ENOSPC> was returned. In Linux 3.3, this was changed to B<EINVAL>. B<ENOSPC> is still returned if you try to add more breakpoint events than supported by the hardware."
6130 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2668
6131 msgid "Returned if B<PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER> is set in I<sample_type> and it is not supported by hardware."
6135 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2675
6136 msgid "Returned if an event requiring a specific hardware feature is requested but there is no hardware support. This includes requesting low-skid events if not supported, branch tracing if it is not available, sampling if no PMU interrupt is available, and branch stacks for software events."
6140 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2680
6141 msgid "Returned on many (but not all) architectures when an unsupported I<exclude_hv>, I<exclude_idle>, I<exclude_user>, or I<exclude_kernel> setting is specified."
6145 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2688
6146 msgid "It can also happen, as with B<EACCES>, when the requested event requires B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> permissions (or a more permissive perf_event paranoid setting). This includes setting a breakpoint on a kernel address, and (since Linux 3.13) setting a kernel function-trace tracepoint."
6150 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2691
6151 msgid "Returned if attempting to attach to a process that does not exist."
6155 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2691
6161 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2696
6162 msgid "B<perf_event_open>() was introduced in Linux 2.6.31 but was called B<perf_counter_open>(). It was renamed in Linux 2.6.32."
6166 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2701
6167 msgid "This B<perf_event_open>() system call Linux- specific and should not be used in programs intended to be portable."
6168 msgstr "B<perf_event_open>() システムコールは Linux 固有であり、 移植を意図したプログラムで使用すべきではない。"
6171 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2705
6172 msgid "Glibc does not provide a wrapper for this system call; call it using B<syscall>(2). See the example below."
6173 msgstr "glibc はこのシステムコールに対するラッパー関数を提供していない。 B<syscall>(2) を使って呼び出すこと。 以下の例を参照。"
6176 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2711
6177 msgid "The official way of knowing if B<perf_event_open>() support is enabled is checking for the existence of the file I</proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid>."
6181 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2711 build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:134
6182 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:2006
6188 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2718
6189 msgid "The B<F_SETOWN_EX> option to B<fcntl>(2) is needed to properly get overflow signals in threads. This was introduced in Linux 2.6.32."
6193 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2726
6194 msgid "Prior to Linux 2.6.33 (at least for x86), the kernel did not check if events could be scheduled together until read time. The same happens on all known kernels if the NMI watchdog is enabled. This means to see if a given set of events works you have to B<perf_event_open>(), start, then read before you know for sure you can get valid measurements."
6198 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2730
6199 msgid "Prior to Linux 2.6.34, event constraints were not enforced by the kernel. In that case, some events would silently return \"0\" if the kernel scheduled them in an improper counter slot."
6203 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2733
6204 msgid "Prior to Linux 2.6.34, there was a bug when multiplexing where the wrong results could be returned."
6208 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2736
6209 msgid "Kernels from Linux 2.6.35 to Linux 2.6.39 can quickly crash the kernel if \"inherit\" is enabled and many threads are started."
6213 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2740
6214 msgid "Prior to Linux 2.6.35, B<PERF_FORMAT_GROUP> did not work with attached processes."
6218 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2745
6219 msgid "In older Linux 2.6 versions, refreshing an event group leader refreshed all siblings, and refreshing with a parameter of 0 enabled infinite refresh. This behavior is unsupported and should not be relied on."
6223 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2751
6224 msgid "There is a bug in the kernel code between Linux 2.6.36 and Linux 3.0 that ignores the \"watermark\" field and acts as if a wakeup_event was chosen if the union has a nonzero value in it."
6228 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2757
6229 msgid "From Linux 2.6.31 to Linux 3.4, the B<PERF_IOC_FLAG_GROUP> ioctl argument was broken and would repeatedly operate on the event specified rather than iterating across all sibling events in a group."
6233 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2768
6234 msgid "From Linux 3.4 to Linux 3.11, the mmap I<cap_usr_rdpmc> and I<cap_usr_time> bits mapped to the same location. Code should migrate to the new I<cap_user_rdpmc> and I<cap_user_time> fields instead."
6238 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2773
6239 msgid "Always double-check your results! Various generalized events have had wrong values. For example, retired branches measured the wrong thing on AMD machines until Linux 2.6.35."
6243 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2773 build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:311
6244 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:237 build/C/man2/tee.2:136
6250 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2777
6251 msgid "The following is a short example that measures the total instruction count of a call to B<printf>(3)."
6255 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2786
6258 "#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n"
6259 "#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n"
6260 "#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>\n"
6261 "#include E<lt>string.hE<gt>\n"
6262 "#include E<lt>sys/ioctl.hE<gt>\n"
6263 "#include E<lt>linux/perf_event.hE<gt>\n"
6264 "#include E<lt>asm/unistd.hE<gt>\n"
6266 "#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n"
6267 "#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n"
6268 "#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>\n"
6269 "#include E<lt>string.hE<gt>\n"
6270 "#include E<lt>sys/ioctl.hE<gt>\n"
6271 "#include E<lt>linux/perf_event.hE<gt>\n"
6272 "#include E<lt>asm/unistd.hE<gt>\n"
6275 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2792
6279 "perf_event_open(struct perf_event_attr *hw_event, pid_t pid,\n"
6280 " int cpu, int group_fd, unsigned long flags)\n"
6285 "perf_event_open(struct perf_event_attr *hw_event, pid_t pid,\n"
6286 " int cpu, int group_fd, unsigned long flags)\n"
6291 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2797
6294 " ret = syscall(__NR_perf_event_open, hw_event, pid, cpu,\n"
6295 " group_fd, flags);\n"
6299 " ret = syscall(__NR_perf_event_open, hw_event, pid, cpu,\n"
6300 " group_fd, flags);\n"
6305 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2804
6309 "main(int argc, char **argv)\n"
6311 " struct perf_event_attr pe;\n"
6312 " long long count;\n"
6316 "main(int argc, char **argv)\n"
6318 " struct perf_event_attr pe;\n"
6319 " long long count;\n"
6323 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2812
6326 " memset(&pe, 0, sizeof(struct perf_event_attr));\n"
6327 " pe.type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE;\n"
6328 " pe.size = sizeof(struct perf_event_attr);\n"
6329 " pe.config = PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS;\n"
6330 " pe.disabled = 1;\n"
6331 " pe.exclude_kernel = 1;\n"
6332 " pe.exclude_hv = 1;\n"
6334 " memset(&pe, 0, sizeof(struct perf_event_attr));\n"
6335 " pe.type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE;\n"
6336 " pe.size = sizeof(struct perf_event_attr);\n"
6337 " pe.config = PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS;\n"
6338 " pe.disabled = 1;\n"
6339 " pe.exclude_kernel = 1;\n"
6340 " pe.exclude_hv = 1;\n"
6343 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2818
6346 " fd = perf_event_open(&pe, 0, -1, -1, 0);\n"
6347 " if (fd == -1) {\n"
6348 " fprintf(stderr, \"Error opening leader %llx\\en\", pe.config);\n"
6349 " exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
6352 " fd = perf_event_open(&pe, 0, -1, -1, 0);\n"
6353 " if (fd == -1) {\n"
6354 " fprintf(stderr, \"Error opening leader %llx\\en\", pe.config);\n"
6355 " exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
6359 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2821
6362 " ioctl(fd, PERF_EVENT_IOC_RESET, 0);\n"
6363 " ioctl(fd, PERF_EVENT_IOC_ENABLE, 0);\n"
6365 " ioctl(fd, PERF_EVENT_IOC_RESET, 0);\n"
6366 " ioctl(fd, PERF_EVENT_IOC_ENABLE, 0);\n"
6369 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2823
6371 msgid " printf(\"Measuring instruction count for this printf\\en\");\n"
6372 msgstr " printf(\"Measuring instruction count for this printf\\en\");\n"
6375 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2826
6378 " ioctl(fd, PERF_EVENT_IOC_DISABLE, 0);\n"
6379 " read(fd, &count, sizeof(long long));\n"
6381 " ioctl(fd, PERF_EVENT_IOC_DISABLE, 0);\n"
6382 " read(fd, &count, sizeof(long long));\n"
6385 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2828
6387 msgid " printf(\"Used %lld instructions\\en\", count);\n"
6388 msgstr " printf(\"Used %lld instructions\\en\", count);\n"
6391 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2831
6401 #: build/C/man2/perf_event_open.2:2838
6402 msgid "B<fcntl>(2), B<mmap>(2), B<open>(2), B<prctl>(2), B<read>(2)"
6403 msgstr "B<fcntl>(2), B<mmap>(2), B<open>(2), B<prctl>(2), B<read>(2)"
6406 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:27
6412 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:27
6418 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:30
6419 msgid "perfmonctl - interface to IA-64 performance monitoring unit"
6423 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:34
6426 "B<#include E<lt>syscall.hE<gt>>\n"
6427 "B<#include E<lt>perfmon.hE<gt>>\n"
6429 "B<#include E<lt>syscall.hE<gt>>\n"
6430 "B<#include E<lt>perfmon.hE<gt>>\n"
6433 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:36
6435 msgid "B<long perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, int >I<cmd>B<, void *>I<arg>B<, int >I<narg>B<);>\n"
6436 msgstr "B<long perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, int >I<cmd>B<, void *>I<arg>B<, int >I<narg>B<);>\n"
6439 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:47
6440 msgid "The IA-64-specific B<perfmonctl>() system call provides an interface to the PMU (performance monitoring unit). The PMU consists of PMD (performance monitoring data) registers and PMC (performance monitoring control) registers, which gather hardware statistics."
6444 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:57
6445 msgid "B<perfmonctl>() applies the operation I<cmd> to the input arguments specified by I<arg>. The number of arguments is defined by I<narg>. The I<fd> argument specifies the perfmon context to operate on."
6449 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:61
6450 msgid "Supported values for I<cmd> are:"
6454 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:61
6456 msgid "B<PFM_CREATE_CONTEXT>"
6457 msgstr "B<PFM_CREATE_CONTEXT>"
6460 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:65
6462 msgid "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_CREATE_CONTEXT, pfarg_context_t *>I<ctxt>B<, 1);>\n"
6466 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:67
6467 msgid "Set up a context."
6471 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:74
6472 msgid "The I<fd> parameter is ignored. A new perfmon context is created as specified in I<ctxt> and its file descriptor is returned in I<ctxt-E<gt>ctx_fd>."
6476 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:86
6477 msgid "The file descriptor can be used in subsequent calls to B<perfmonctl>() and can be used to read event notifications (type I<pfm_msg_t>) using B<read>(2). The file descriptor is pollable using B<select>(2), B<poll>(2), and B<epoll>(7)."
6481 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:90
6482 msgid "The context can be destroyed by calling B<close>(2) on the file descriptor."
6486 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:90
6488 msgid "B<PFM_WRITE_PMCS>"
6489 msgstr "B<PFM_WRITE_PMCS>"
6492 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:95
6494 msgid "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_WRITE_PMCS, pfarg_reg_t *>I<pmcs>B<, n);>\n"
6495 msgstr "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_WRITE_PMCS, pfarg_reg_t *>I<pmcs>B<, n);>\n"
6498 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:97
6499 msgid "Set PMC registers."
6503 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:97
6505 msgid "B<PFM_WRITE_PMDS>"
6506 msgstr "B<PFM_WRITE_PMDS>"
6509 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:101
6511 msgid "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_WRITE_PMDS, pfarg_reg_t *>I<pmds>B<, n);>\n"
6512 msgstr "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_WRITE_PMDS, pfarg_reg_t *>I<pmds>B<, n);>\n"
6516 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:104
6517 msgid "Set PMD registers."
6521 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:104
6523 msgid "B<PFM_READ_PMDS>"
6524 msgstr "B<PFM_READ_PMDS>"
6527 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:109
6529 msgid "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_READ_PMDS, pfarg_reg_t *>I<pmds>B<, n);>\n"
6530 msgstr "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_READ_PMDS, pfarg_reg_t *>I<pmds>B<, n);>\n"
6533 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:111
6534 msgid "Read PMD registers."
6538 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:111
6540 msgid "B<PFM_START>"
6541 msgstr "B<PFM_START>"
6543 #. .BI "perfmonctl(int " fd ", PFM_START, arg, 1);
6545 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:117
6547 msgid "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_START, NULL, 0);>\n"
6548 msgstr "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_START, NULL, 0);>\n"
6551 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:119
6552 msgid "Start monitoring."
6556 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:119
6559 msgstr "B<PFM_STOP>"
6562 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:124
6564 msgid "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_STOP, NULL, 0);>\n"
6565 msgstr "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_STOP, NULL, 0);>\n"
6568 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:126
6569 msgid "Stop monitoring."
6573 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:126
6575 msgid "B<PFM_LOAD_CONTEXT>"
6576 msgstr "B<PFM_LOAD_CONTEXT>"
6579 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:131
6581 msgid "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_LOAD_CONTEXT, pfarg_load_t *>I<largs>B<, 1);>\n"
6582 msgstr "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_LOAD_CONTEXT, pfarg_load_t *>I<largs>B<, 1);>\n"
6585 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:133
6586 msgid "Attach the context to a thread."
6590 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:133
6592 msgid "B<PFM_UNLOAD_CONTEXT>"
6593 msgstr "B<PFM_UNLOAD_CONTEXT>"
6596 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:138
6598 msgid "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_UNLOAD_CONTEXT, NULL, 0);>\n"
6599 msgstr "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_UNLOAD_CONTEXT, NULL, 0);>\n"
6602 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:140
6603 msgid "Detach the context from a thread."
6607 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:140
6609 msgid "B<PFM_RESTART>"
6610 msgstr "B<PFM_RESTART>"
6613 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:145
6615 msgid "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_RESTART, NULL, 0);>\n"
6616 msgstr "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_RESTART, NULL, 0);>\n"
6619 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:147
6620 msgid "Restart monitoring after receiving an overflow notification."
6624 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:147
6626 msgid "B<PFM_GET_FEATURES>"
6627 msgstr "B<PFM_GET_FEATURES>"
6630 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:152
6632 msgid "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_GET_FEARURES, pfarg_features_t *>I<arg>B<, 1);>\n"
6633 msgstr "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_GET_FEARURES, pfarg_features_t *>I<arg>B<, 1);>\n"
6636 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:153
6638 msgid "B<PFM_DEBUG>"
6639 msgstr "B<PFM_DEBUG>"
6642 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:158
6644 msgid "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_DEBUG, >I<val>B<, 0);>\n"
6645 msgstr "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_DEBUG, >I<val>B<, 0);>\n"
6648 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:162
6649 msgid "If I<val> is nonzero, enable debugging mode, otherwise disable."
6653 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:162
6655 msgid "B<PFM_GET_PMC_RESET_VAL>"
6656 msgstr "B<PFM_GET_PMC_RESET_VAL>"
6659 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:167
6661 msgid "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_GET_PMC_RESET_VAL, pfarg_reg_t * >I<req>B<, n);>\n"
6662 msgstr "B<perfmonctl(int >I<fd>B<, PFM_GET_PMC_RESET_VAL, pfarg_reg_t * >I<req>B<, n);>\n"
6668 #. .B PFM_CREATE_EVTSETS
6669 #. create or modify event sets
6671 #. .BI "perfmonctl(int " fd ", PFM_CREATE_EVTSETS, pfarg_setdesc_t *desc , n);
6674 #. .B PFM_DELETE_EVTSETS
6675 #. delete event sets
6677 #. .BI "perfmonctl(int " fd ", PFM_DELETE_EVTSET, pfarg_setdesc_t *desc , n);
6680 #. .B PFM_GETINFO_EVTSETS
6681 #. get information about event sets
6683 #. .BI "perfmonctl(int " fd ", PFM_GETINFO_EVTSETS, pfarg_setinfo_t *info, n);
6686 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:190
6687 msgid "Reset PMC registers to default values."
6691 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:196
6692 msgid "B<perfmonctl>() returns zero when the operation is successful. On error, -1 is returned and I<errno> is set to indicate the cause of the error."
6696 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:199
6697 msgid "B<perfmonctl>() is available since Linux 2.4."
6701 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:202
6702 msgid "B<perfmonctl>() is Linux-specific and is available only on the IA-64 architecture."
6706 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:207
6708 msgstr "B<gprof>(1)"
6711 #: build/C/man2/perfmonctl.2:209
6712 msgid "The perfmon2 interface specification"
6716 #: build/C/man2/personality.2:32
6719 msgstr "PERSONALITY"
6722 #: build/C/man2/personality.2:32
6728 #: build/C/man2/personality.2:35
6729 msgid "personality - set the process execution domain"
6730 msgstr "personality - プロセスを実行するドメインを設定する"
6733 #: build/C/man2/personality.2:37
6734 msgid "B<#include E<lt>sys/personality.hE<gt>>"
6735 msgstr "B<#include E<lt>sys/personality.hE<gt>>"
6738 #: build/C/man2/personality.2:39
6739 msgid "B<int personality(unsigned long >I<persona>B<);>"
6740 msgstr "B<int personality(unsigned long >I<persona>B<);>"
6743 #: build/C/man2/personality.2:47
6744 msgid "Linux supports different execution domains, or personalities, for each process. Among other things, execution domains tell Linux how to map signal numbers into signal actions. The execution domain system allows Linux to provide limited support for binaries compiled under other UNIX-like operating systems."
6745 msgstr "Linux は、プロセス毎の異なる実行ドメイン、すなわち パーソナリティ (personality) をサポートしている。 実行ドメインは Linux にシグナル番号にどのシグナルを割り付けるかを 教えたりする。また、実行ドメイン・システムにより、 Linux は、 他の UNIX 風のオペレーティングシステムでコンパイルされたバイナリに対する限定的なサポートを提供している。"
6748 #: build/C/man2/personality.2:59
6749 msgid "If I<persona> is not 0xffffffff, then B<personality>() sets the caller's execution domain to the value specified by I<persona>. Specifying I<persona> as 0xffffffff provides a way of retrieving the current persona without changing it."
6750 msgstr "I<persona> が 0xffffffff 以外の場合、 B<personality>() は呼び出し元の実行ドメインを I<persona> で指定された値に設定する。 I<persona> に 0xffffffff を指定すると、変更を行わず、現在の persona 値を取得できる。"
6753 #: build/C/man2/personality.2:62
6754 msgid "A list of the available execution domains can be found in I<E<lt>sys/personality.hE<gt>>."
6755 msgstr "利用可能な実行ドメインのリストは I<E<lt>sys/personality.hE<gt>> にある。"
6758 #: build/C/man2/personality.2:69
6759 msgid "On success, the previous I<persona> is returned. On error, -1 is returned, and I<errno> is set appropriately."
6760 msgstr "成功した場合、以前の I<persona> が返される。エラーの場合は、-1 が返され、 I<errno> が適切に設定される。"
6763 #: build/C/man2/personality.2:73
6764 msgid "The kernel was unable to change the personality."
6765 msgstr "カーネルがパーソナリティを変更できなかった。"
6768 #: build/C/man2/personality.2:77
6769 msgid "B<personality>() is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs intended to be portable."
6770 msgstr "B<personality>() は Linux 固有であり、移植を意図したプログラムで使用すべきではない。"
6773 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:10
6779 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:13
6780 msgid "pivot_root - change the root filesystem"
6781 msgstr "pivot_root - root ファイルシステムを変更する"
6784 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:15
6785 msgid "B<int pivot_root(const char *>I<new_root>B<, const char *>I<put_old>B<);>"
6786 msgstr "B<int pivot_root(const char *>I<new_root>B<, const char *>I<put_old>B<);>"
6790 #. capability is required.
6792 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:27
6793 msgid "B<pivot_root>() moves the root filesystem of the calling process to the directory I<put_old> and makes I<new_root> the new root filesystem of the calling process."
6794 msgstr "B<pivot_root>() は呼び出し元のプロセスの root ファイルシステムを I<put_old> ディレクトリに移動し、 I<new_root> を呼び出し元のプロセスの新しい root ファイルシステムにする。"
6797 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:34
6798 msgid "The typical use of B<pivot_root>() is during system startup, when the system mounts a temporary root filesystem (e.g., an B<initrd>), then mounts the real root filesystem, and eventually turns the latter into the current root of all relevant processes or threads."
6799 msgstr "B<pivot_root>() の典型的な利用法は、システムの起動中にシステムが一時的な root ファイルシステム (例えば B<initrd>) をマウントし、これに続いて本当の root ファイルシステムをマウントし、 後者を必要な全てのプロセス・スレッドの カレント root に変更するような場合である。"
6802 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:46
6803 msgid "B<pivot_root>() may or may not change the current root and the current working directory of any processes or threads which use the old root directory. The caller of B<pivot_root>() must ensure that processes with root or current working directory at the old root operate correctly in either case. An easy way to ensure this is to change their root and current working directory to I<new_root> before invoking B<pivot_root>()."
6804 msgstr "古い root ディレクトリを使っていた全てのプロセスやスレッドの カレント root とカレントワーキングディレクトリを、 B<pivot_root>() が変更するかどうかはわからない。 B<pivot_root>() の呼びだしプロセスは、古い root やカレントワーキングディレクトリを使っていた プロセスが、いずれの場合でも正しく動作することを保証しなければならない。 これを簡単に行うには、それらのプロセスの root と カレントワーキングディレクトリを B<pivot_root>() を呼び出す前に I<new_root> に変更しておくことである。"
6807 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:64
6808 msgid "The paragraph above is intentionally vague because the implementation of B<pivot_root>() may change in the future. At the time of writing, B<pivot_root>() changes root and current working directory of each process or thread to I<new_root> if they point to the old root directory. This is necessary in order to prevent kernel threads from keeping the old root directory busy with their root and current working directory, even if they never access the filesystem in any way. In the future, there may be a mechanism for kernel threads to explicitly relinquish any access to the filesystem, such that this fairly intrusive mechanism can be removed from B<pivot_root>()."
6809 msgstr "上記の段落は、将来 B<pivot_root>() が変更されるかも知れないことを鑑みて、わざと曖昧に書いてある。 本ページを記述している時点では、 B<pivot_root>() は古い root ディレクトリを用いている全てのプロセス・スレッドの root と カレントワーキングディレクトリを I<new_root> に変更する。これはカーネルのスレッドが古い root ディレクトリを busy 状態にしないために必要である。これらのスレッドが 古いディレクトリを root やカレントワーキングディレクトリとしていると、 ファイルシステムに一切アクセスしない場合でも 古い root が busy になってしまうからである。 将来は、カーネルスレッドがあらゆるファイルシステムへのアクセスを 明示的に放棄するメカニズムができ、このでしゃばりな機能は B<pivot_root>() から削除されるかもしれない。"
6812 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:72
6813 msgid "Note that this also applies to the calling process: B<pivot_root>() may or may not affect its current working directory. It is therefore recommended to call B<chdir(\"/\")> immediately after B<pivot_root>()."
6814 msgstr "これは呼び出し元のプロセスについても当てはまることに注意。 B<pivot_root>() がカレントプロセスのカレントワーキングディレクトリに影響するかどうかは 分からない。したがって B<pivot_root>() の直後に B<chdir(\"/\")> を呼び出すとよい。"
6817 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:74
6818 msgid "The following restrictions apply to I<new_root> and I<put_old>:"
6819 msgstr "I<new_root> および I<put_old> には以下の制限がある:"
6822 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:74 build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:76
6823 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:79 build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:83
6829 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:76
6830 msgid "They must be directories."
6831 msgstr "ディレクトリでなければならない。"
6834 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:79
6835 msgid "I<new_root> and I<put_old> must not be on the same filesystem as the current root."
6836 msgstr "I<new_root> と I<put_old> は現在の root と同じファイルシステムにあってはならない。"
6839 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:83
6840 msgid "I<put_old> must be underneath I<new_root>, that is, adding a nonzero number of I</..> to the string pointed to by I<put_old> must yield the same directory as I<new_root>."
6841 msgstr "I<put_old> は I<new_root> 以下になければならない。すなわち I<put_old> を差す文字列に 1 個以上の I<../> を付けることによって I<new_root> と同じディレクトリが得られなければならない。"
6844 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:85
6845 msgid "No other filesystem may be mounted on I<put_old>."
6846 msgstr "他のファイルシステムが I<put_old> にマウントされていてはならない。"
6849 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:89
6850 msgid "See also B<pivot_root>(8) for additional usage examples."
6851 msgstr "利用例については B<pivot_root>(8) を参照のこと。"
6854 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:96
6855 msgid "If the current root is not a mount point (e.g., after B<chroot>(2) or B<pivot_root>(), see also below), not the old root directory, but the mount point of that filesystem is mounted on I<put_old>."
6856 msgstr "現在の root がマウントポイントではない (B<chroot>(2) や B<pivot_root>() の後など。以下も参照) 場合、 古い root ディレクトリではなく、 そのファイルシステムのマウントポイントが I<put_old> にマウントされる。"
6859 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:101
6860 msgid "I<new_root> does not have to be a mount point. In this case, I</proc/mounts> will show the mount point of the filesystem containing I<new_root> as root (I</>)."
6861 msgstr "I<new_root> はマウントポイントでなくてもよい。 この場合 I</proc/mounts> は、 I<new_root> を root (I</>) とするファイルシステムのマウントポイントを表示する。"
6864 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:110
6865 msgid "B<pivot_root>() may return (in I<errno>) any of the errors returned by B<stat>(2). Additionally, it may return:"
6866 msgstr "B<pivot_root>() は B<stat>(2) の返すあらゆるエラーを (I<errno> に) 返す可能性がある。さらに以下を返すことがある:"
6869 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:114
6870 msgid "I<new_root> or I<put_old> are on the current root filesystem, or a filesystem is already mounted on I<put_old>."
6871 msgstr "I<new_root> または I<put_old> が、現在の root ファイルシステム上にあるか、既に I<put_old> になんらかのファイルシステムがマウントされている。"
6874 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:117
6875 msgid "I<put_old> is not underneath I<new_root>."
6876 msgstr "I<put_old> が I<new_root> の下層にない。"
6879 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:117
6885 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:120
6886 msgid "I<new_root> or I<put_old> is not a directory."
6887 msgstr "I<new_root> または I<put_old> がディレクトリでない。"
6890 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:125
6891 msgid "The calling process does not have the B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> capability."
6892 msgstr "呼び出し元のプロセスが B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> ケーパビリティを持っていない。"
6895 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:128
6896 msgid "B<pivot_root>() was introduced in Linux 2.3.41."
6897 msgstr "B<pivot_root>() は Linux 2.3.41 で導入された。"
6900 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:131
6901 msgid "B<pivot_root>() is Linux-specific and hence is not portable."
6902 msgstr "B<pivot_root>() は Linux に固有のものなので、移植性はない。"
6905 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:138
6906 msgid "B<pivot_root>() should not have to change root and current working directory of all other processes in the system."
6907 msgstr "B<pivot_root>() はシステムの他のプロセス全ての root と カレントワーキングディレクトリとを変更しなくてもよいはずである。"
6910 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:143
6911 msgid "Some of the more obscure uses of B<pivot_root>() may quickly lead to insanity."
6912 msgstr "B<pivot_root>() の使い方がもうちょっと曖昧になると、 あっという間にわけのわからない状態になってしまうだろう"
6915 #: build/C/man2/pivot_root.2:149
6916 msgid "B<chdir>(2), B<chroot>(2), B<stat>(2), B<initrd>(4), B<pivot_root>(8)"
6917 msgstr "B<chdir>(2), B<chroot>(2), B<stat>(2), B<initrd>(4), B<pivot_root>(8)"
6920 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:29
6922 msgid "PROCESS_VM_READV"
6923 msgstr "PROCESS_VM_READV"
6926 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:32
6927 msgid "process_vm_readv, process_vm_writev - transfer data between process address spaces"
6928 msgstr "process_vm_readv, process_vm_writev - プロセスのアドレス空間間でデータを転送する"
6931 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:35
6933 msgid "B<#include E<lt>sys/uio.hE<gt>>\n"
6934 msgstr "B<#include E<lt>sys/uio.hE<gt>>\n"
6937 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:42
6940 "B<ssize_t process_vm_readv(pid_t >I<pid>B<,>\n"
6941 "B< const struct iovec *>I<local_iov>B<,>\n"
6942 "B< unsigned long >I<liovcnt>B<,>\n"
6943 "B< const struct iovec *>I<remote_iov>B<,>\n"
6944 "B< unsigned long >I<riovcnt>B<,>\n"
6945 "B< unsigned long >I<flags>B<);>\n"
6947 "B<ssize_t process_vm_readv(pid_t >I<pid>B<,>\n"
6948 "B< const struct iovec *>I<local_iov>B<,>\n"
6949 "B< unsigned long >I<liovcnt>B<,>\n"
6950 "B< const struct iovec *>I<remote_iov>B<,>\n"
6951 "B< unsigned long >I<riovcnt>B<,>\n"
6952 "B< unsigned long >I<flags>B<);>\n"
6955 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:49
6958 "B<ssize_t process_vm_writev(pid_t >I<pid>B<,>\n"
6959 "B< const struct iovec *>I<local_iov>B<,>\n"
6960 "B< unsigned long >I<liovcnt>B<,>\n"
6961 "B< const struct iovec *>I<remote_iov>B<,>\n"
6962 "B< unsigned long >I<riovcnt>B<,>\n"
6963 "B< unsigned long >I<flags>B<);>\n"
6965 "B<ssize_t process_vm_writev(pid_t >I<pid>B<,>\n"
6966 "B< const struct iovec *>I<local_iov>B<,>\n"
6967 "B< unsigned long >I<liovcnt>B<,>\n"
6968 "B< const struct iovec *>I<remote_iov>B<,>\n"
6969 "B< unsigned long >I<riovcnt>B<,>\n"
6970 "B< unsigned long >I<flags>B<);>\n"
6973 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:54
6974 msgid "Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see B<feature_test_macros>(7)):"
6978 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:58
6979 msgid "B<process_vm_readv>(), B<process_vm_writev>():"
6980 msgstr "B<process_vm_readv>(), B<process_vm_writev>():"
6983 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:62
6984 msgid "B<_GNU_SOURCE>"
6985 msgstr "B<_GNU_SOURCE>"
6988 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:73
6989 msgid "These system calls transfer data between the address space of the calling process (\"the local process\") and the process identified by I<pid> (\"the remote process\"). The data moves directly between the address spaces of the two processes, without passing through kernel space."
6993 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:98
6994 msgid "The B<process_vm_readv>() system call transfers data from the remote process to the local process. The data to be transferred is identified by I<remote_iov> and I<riovcnt>: I<remote_iov> is a pointer to an array describing address ranges in the process I<pid>, and I<riovcnt> specifies the number of elements in I<remote_iov>. The data is transferred to the locations specified by I<local_iov> and I<liovcnt>: I<local_iov> is a pointer to an array describing address ranges in the calling process, and I<liovcnt> specifies the number of elements in I<local_iov>."
6998 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:112
6999 msgid "The B<process_vm_writev>() system call is the converse of B<process_vm_readv>()\\(emit transfers data from the local process to the remote process. Other than the direction of the transfer, the arguments I<liovcnt>, I<local_iov>, I<riovcnt>, and I<remote_iov> have the same meaning as for B<process_vm_readv>()."
7003 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:122
7004 msgid "The I<local_iov> and I<remote_iov> arguments point to an array of I<iovec> structures, defined in I<E<lt>sys/uio.hE<gt>> as:"
7006 "引き数 I<local_iov> と I<remote_iov> は I<iovec> 構造体の配列へのポイン\n"
7007 "タである。 I<iovec> 構造体は I<E<lt>sys/uio.hE<gt>> で以下のように定義\n"
7011 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:129
7015 " void *iov_base; /* Starting address */\n"
7016 " size_t iov_len; /* Number of bytes to transfer */\n"
7020 " void *iov_base; /* Starting address */\n"
7021 " size_t iov_len; /* Number of bytes to transfer */\n"
7025 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:145
7026 msgid "Buffers are processed in array order. This means that B<process_vm_readv>() completely fills I<local_iov[0]> before proceeding to I<local_iov[1]>, and so on. Likewise, I<remote_iov[0]> is completely read before proceeding to I<remote_iov[1]>, and so on."
7028 "バッファは配列の順序で処理される。これは、 B<process_vm_readv>() が\n"
7029 "I<local_iov>[0] が完全に一杯になるまでデータを詰めてから、\n"
7030 "I<local_iov>[1] に進むといったことを意味する。同様に、\n"
7031 "I<remote_iov>[0] を完全に読み出してから I<remote_iov>[1] に進み、\n"
7035 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:156
7036 msgid "Similarly, B<process_vm_writev>() writes out the entire contents of I<local_iov[0]> before proceeding to I<local_iov[1]>, and it completely fills I<remote_iov[0]> before proceeding to I<remote_iov[1]>."
7040 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:164
7041 msgid "The lengths of I<remote_iov[i].iov_len> and I<local_iov[i].iov_len> do not have to be the same. Thus, it is possible to split a single local buffer into multiple remote buffers, or vice versa."
7045 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:168
7046 msgid "The I<flags> argument is currently unused and must be set to 0."
7047 msgstr "I<flags> 引き数は現在使用されておらず、 0 を設定しなければならない。"
7049 #. In time, glibc might provide a wrapper that works around this limit,
7050 #. as is done for readv()/writev()
7052 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:181
7053 msgid "The values specified in the I<liovcnt> and I<riovcnt> arguments must be less than or equal to B<IOV_MAX> (defined in I<E<lt>limits.hE<gt>> or accessible via the call I<sysconf(_SC_IOV_MAX)>)."
7057 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:191
7058 msgid "The count arguments and I<local_iov> are checked before doing any transfers. If the counts are too big, or I<local_iov> is invalid, or the addresses refer to regions that are inaccessible to the local process, none of the vectors will be processed and an error will be returned immediately."
7062 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:211
7063 msgid "Note, however, that these system calls do not check the memory regions in the remote process until just before doing the read/write. Consequently, a partial read/write (see RETURN VALUE) may result if one of the I<remote_iov> elements points to an invalid memory region in the remote process. No further reads/writes will be attempted beyond that point. Keep this in mind when attempting to read data of unknown length (such as C strings that are null-terminated) from a remote process, by avoiding spanning memory pages (typically 4KiB) in a single remote I<iovec> element. (Instead, split the remote read into two I<remote_iov> elements and have them merge back into a single write I<local_iov> entry. The first read entry goes up to the page boundary, while the second starts on the next page boundary.)"
7067 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:225
7068 msgid "In order to read from or write to another process, either the caller must have the capability B<CAP_SYS_PTRACE>, or the real user ID, effective user ID, and saved set-user-ID of the remote process must match the real user ID of the caller I<and> the real group ID, effective group ID, and saved set-group-ID of the remote process must match the real group ID of the caller. (The permission required is exactly the same as that required to perform a B<ptrace>(2) B<PTRACE_ATTACH> on the remote process.)"
7072 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:241
7073 msgid "On success, B<process_vm_readv>() returns the number of bytes read and B<process_vm_writev>() returns the number of bytes written. This return value may be less than the total number of requested bytes, if a partial read/write occurred. (Partial transfers apply at the granularity of I<iovec> elements. These system calls won't perform a partial transfer that splits a single I<iovec> element.) The caller should check the return value to determine whether a partial read/write occurred."
7077 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:245
7078 msgid "On error, -1 is returned and I<errno> is set appropriately."
7079 msgstr "エラーの場合は -1 が返され、 I<errno> が適切に設定される。"
7082 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:257
7083 msgid "The sum of the I<iov_len> values of either I<local_iov> or I<remote_iov> overflows a I<ssize_t> value."
7087 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:261
7088 msgid "I<flags> is not 0."
7089 msgstr "I<flags> が 0 でない。"
7092 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:267
7093 msgid "I<liovcnt> or I<riovcnt> is too large."
7094 msgstr "I<liovcnt> か I<riovcnt> が大きすぎる。"
7097 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:272
7098 msgid "The memory described by I<local_iov> is outside the caller's accessible address space."
7100 "I<local_iov> が示すメモリが呼び出し側がアクセス可能な\n"
7104 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:278
7105 msgid "The memory described by I<remote_iov> is outside the accessible address space of the process I<pid>."
7109 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:283
7110 msgid "Could not allocate memory for internal copies of the I<iovec> structures."
7114 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:287
7115 msgid "The caller does not have permission to access the address space of the process I<pid>."
7117 "呼び出し側がプロセス I<pid> のアドレス空間に対するアクセス許可を\n"
7121 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:292
7122 msgid "No process with ID I<pid> exists."
7123 msgstr "ID が I<pid> のプロセスが存在しない。"
7126 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:295
7127 msgid "These system calls were added in Linux 3.2. Support is provided in glibc since version 2.15."
7129 "これらのシステムコールは Linux 3.2 で追加された。ライブラリによる\n"
7130 "サポートは glibc バージョン 2.15 以降で提供されている。"
7133 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:297
7134 msgid "These system calls are nonstandard Linux extensions."
7135 msgstr "これらのシステムコールは非標準で Linux による拡張である。"
7138 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:303
7139 msgid "The data transfers performed by B<process_vm_readv>() and B<process_vm_writev>() are not guaranteed to be atomic in any way."
7142 #. Original user is MPI, http://www.mcs.anl.gov/research/projects/mpi/
7143 #. See also some benchmarks at http://lwn.net/Articles/405284/
7144 #. and http://marc.info/?l=linux-mm&m=130105930902915&w=2
7146 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:311
7147 msgid "These system calls were designed to permit fast message passing by allowing messages to be exchanged with a single copy operation (rather than the double copy that would be required when using, for example, shared memory or pipes)."
7151 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:319
7152 msgid "The following code sample demonstrates the use of B<process_vm_readv>(). It reads 20 bytes at the address 0x10000 from the process with PID 10 and writes the first 10 bytes into I<buf1> and the second 10 bytes into I<buf2>."
7156 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:322
7158 msgid "#include E<lt>sys/uio.hE<gt>\n"
7159 msgstr "#include E<lt>sys/uio.hE<gt>\n"
7162 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:332
7168 " struct iovec local[2];\n"
7169 " struct iovec remote[1];\n"
7173 " pid_t pid = 10; /* PID of remote process */\n"
7178 " struct iovec local[2];\n"
7179 " struct iovec remote[1];\n"
7183 " pid_t pid = 10; /* PID of remote process */\n"
7186 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:339
7189 " local[0].iov_base = buf1;\n"
7190 " local[0].iov_len = 10;\n"
7191 " local[1].iov_base = buf2;\n"
7192 " local[1].iov_len = 10;\n"
7193 " remote[0].iov_base = (void *) 0x10000;\n"
7194 " remote[0].iov_len = 20;\n"
7196 " local[0].iov_base = buf1;\n"
7197 " local[0].iov_len = 10;\n"
7198 " local[1].iov_base = buf2;\n"
7199 " local[1].iov_len = 10;\n"
7200 " remote[0].iov_base = (void *) 0x10000;\n"
7201 " remote[0].iov_len = 20;\n"
7204 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:346
7207 " nread = process_vm_readv(pid, local, 2, remote, 1, 0);\n"
7208 " if (nread != 20)\n"
7214 " nread = process_vm_readv(pid, local, 2, remote, 1, 0);\n"
7215 " if (nread != 20)\n"
7222 #: build/C/man2/process_vm_readv.2:350
7223 msgid "B<readv>(2), B<writev>(2)"
7224 msgstr "B<readv>(2), B<writev>(2)"
7227 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:46
7233 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:49
7234 msgid "ptrace - process trace"
7235 msgstr "ptrace - プロセスのトレース"
7238 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:52
7240 msgid "B<#include E<lt>sys/ptrace.hE<gt>>\n"
7241 msgstr "B<#include E<lt>sys/ptrace.hE<gt>>\n"
7244 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:55
7247 "B<long ptrace(enum __ptrace_request >I<request>B<, pid_t >I<pid>B<, >\n"
7248 "B< void *>I<addr>B<, void *>I<data>B<);>\n"
7250 "B<long ptrace(enum __ptrace_request >I<request>B<, pid_t >I<pid>B<, >\n"
7251 "B< void *>I<addr>B<, void *>I<data>B<);>\n"
7254 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:64
7256 #| msgid "The B<ptrace>() system call provides a means by which a parent process may observe and control the execution of another process, and examine and change its core image and registers. It is primarily used to implement breakpoint debugging and system call tracing."
7257 msgid "The B<ptrace>() system call provides a means by which one process (the \"tracer\") may observe and control the execution of another process (the \"tracee\"), and examine and change the tracee's memory and registers. It is primarily used to implement breakpoint debugging and system call tracing."
7258 msgstr "B<ptrace>() システムコールは、親プロセスが、別のプロセスの実行の監視/制御を 行ったり、コアイメージ (core image) やレジスタの調査/変更を 行ったりする手段を提供する。 B<ptrace>() は、主にブレークポイントによるデバッグやシステムコールのトレースを 実装するのに用いられる。"
7261 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:75
7262 msgid "A tracee first needs to be attached to the tracer. Attachment and subsequent commands are per thread: in a multithreaded process, every thread can be individually attached to a (potentially different) tracer, or left not attached and thus not debugged. Therefore, \"tracee\" always means \"(one) thread\", never \"a (possibly multithreaded) process\". Ptrace commands are always sent to a specific tracee using a call of the form"
7266 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:77
7268 msgid " ptrace(PTRACE_foo, pid, ...)\n"
7269 msgstr " ptrace(PTRACE_foo, pid, ...)\n"
7272 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:81
7273 msgid "where I<pid> is the thread ID of the corresponding Linux thread."
7274 msgstr "ここで I<pid> は対応する Linux スレッドのスレッド ID である。"
7277 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:87
7278 msgid "(Note that in this page, a \"multithreaded process\" means a thread group consisting of threads created using the B<clone>(2) B<CLONE_THREAD> flag.)"
7282 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:98
7284 #| msgid "The parent can initiate a trace by calling B<fork>(2) and having the resulting child do a B<PTRACE_TRACEME>, followed (typically) by an B<exec>(3). Alternatively, the parent may commence trace of an existing process using B<PTRACE_ATTACH>."
7285 msgid "A process can initiate a trace by calling B<fork>(2) and having the resulting child do a B<PTRACE_TRACEME>, followed (typically) by an B<execve>(2). Alternatively, one process may commence tracing another process using B<PTRACE_ATTACH> or B<PTRACE_SEIZE>."
7286 msgstr "トレースを開始するには、まず親プロセスで B<fork>(2) を呼び出す。生成された子プロセスで B<PTRACE_TRACEME> を行い、続いて (典型的には) B<exec>(3) を行なう。 別の方法としては、 親プロセスが既存のプロセスに対して B<PTRACE_ATTACH> を使用し、トレースを開始する。"
7289 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:115
7291 #| msgid "While being traced, the child will stop each time a signal is delivered, even if the signal is being ignored. (The exception is B<SIGKILL>, which has its usual effect.) The parent will be notified at its next B<wait>(2) and may inspect and modify the child process while it is stopped. The parent then causes the child to continue, optionally ignoring the delivered signal (or even delivering a different signal instead)."
7292 msgid "While being traced, the tracee will stop each time a signal is delivered, even if the signal is being ignored. (An exception is B<SIGKILL>, which has its usual effect.) The tracer will be notified at its next call to B<waitpid>(2) (or one of the related \"wait\" system calls); that call will return a I<status> value containing information that indicates the cause of the stop in the tracee. While the tracee is stopped, the tracer can use various ptrace requests to inspect and modify the tracee. The tracer then causes the tracee to continue, optionally ignoring the delivered signal (or even delivering a different signal instead)."
7293 msgstr "トレースの実行中、子プロセスはシグナルが配送されるたびに、 たとえそのシグナルが無視すべきものであっても停止する (B<SIGKILL> は例外で、通常どおりの効果をもたらす)。 親プロセスには次の B<wait>(2) で通知され、停止している間に子プロセスを調べたり修正したりすることができる。 そして親プロセスは子プロセスの実行を再開させるが、配送された シグナルを無視することもできる (あるいは代わりに別のシグナルを 配送することもできる) 。"
7296 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:125
7297 msgid "If the B<PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC> option is not in effect, all successful calls to B<execve>(2) by the traced process will cause it to be sent a B<SIGTRAP> signal, giving the parent a chance to gain control before the new program begins execution."
7301 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:129
7303 #| msgid "When the parent is finished tracing, it can terminate the child with B<PTRACE_KILL> or cause it to continue executing in a normal, untraced mode via B<PTRACE_DETACH>."
7304 msgid "When the tracer is finished tracing, it can cause the tracee to continue executing in a normal, untraced mode via B<PTRACE_DETACH>."
7305 msgstr "親プロセスがトレースを終了する際には、 B<PTRACE_KILL> を使用して子プロセスを終了させることもできるし、 B<PTRACE_DETACH> を用いて通常のトレースなしのモードにして、 実行を継続させることもできる。"
7308 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:133
7309 msgid "The value of I<request> determines the action to be performed:"
7310 msgstr "I<request> の値がこのシステムコールの動作を決定する:"
7313 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:133
7315 msgid "B<PTRACE_TRACEME>"
7316 msgstr "B<PTRACE_TRACEME>"
7319 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:143
7320 msgid "Indicate that this process is to be traced by its parent. A process probably shouldn't make this request if its parent isn't expecting to trace it. (I<pid>, I<addr>, and I<data> are ignored.)"
7321 msgstr "このプロセスが親プロセスによってトレースされることを表す。親プロセスが自プロセスをトレースするつもりがない場合には、 おそらくこのプロセスは本要求を行うべきではないだろう。 (I<pid>, I<addr>, I<data> は無視される。)"
7324 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:158
7326 #| msgid "The above request is used only by the child process; the rest are used only by the parent. In the following requests, I<pid> specifies the child process to be acted on. For requests other than B<PTRACE_KILL>, the child process must be stopped."
7327 msgid "The B<PTRACE_TRACEME> request is used only by the tracee; the remaining requests are used only by the tracer. In the following requests, I<pid> specifies the thread ID of the tracee to be acted on. For requests other than B<PTRACE_ATTACH>, B<PTRACE_SEIZE>, B<PTRACE_INTERRUPT>, and B<PTRACE_KILL>, the tracee must be stopped."
7328 msgstr "上記の要求は子プロセスだけが行なうものである。 残りは親プロセスだけが行なうものである。 以下の要求では、I<pid> で操作の対象となる 子プロセスを指定する。 B<PTRACE_KILL> を除き、要求を行なうためには 子プロセスは停止していなければならない。"
7331 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:158
7333 msgid "B<PTRACE_PEEKTEXT>, B<PTRACE_PEEKDATA>"
7334 msgstr "B<PTRACE_PEEKTEXT>, B<PTRACE_PEEKDATA>"
7337 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:169
7339 #| msgid "Reads a word at the location I<addr> in the child's memory, returning the word as the result of the B<ptrace>() call. Linux does not have separate text and data address spaces, so the two requests are currently equivalent. (The argument I<data> is ignored.)"
7340 msgid "Read a word at the address I<addr> in the tracee's memory, returning the word as the result of the B<ptrace>() call. Linux does not have separate text and data address spaces, so these two requests are currently equivalent. (I<data> is ignored; but see NOTES.)"
7341 msgstr "子プロセスのメモリの I<addr> の位置から 1 ワードを読み出す。読み出したワードは B<ptrace>() の返り値として返される。 Linux ではテキスト (text) とデータ (data) で 同じアドレス空間を使用するため、この 2 つの要求は現在のところ 同じものである。 (引き数 I<data> は無視される。)"
7344 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:169
7346 msgid "B<PTRACE_PEEKUSER>"
7347 msgstr "B<PTRACE_PEEKUSER>"
7349 #. PTRACE_PEEKUSR in kernel source, but glibc uses PTRACE_PEEKUSER,
7350 #. and that is the name that seems common on other systems.
7352 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:187
7354 #| msgid "Reads a word at offset I<addr> in the child's USER area, which holds the registers and other information about the process (see I<E<lt>sys/user.hE<gt>>). The word is returned as the result of the B<ptrace>() call. Typically the offset must be word-aligned, though this might vary by architecture. See NOTES. (I<data> is ignored.)"
7355 msgid "Read a word at offset I<addr> in the tracee's USER area, which holds the registers and other information about the process (see I<E<lt>sys/user.hE<gt>>). The word is returned as the result of the B<ptrace>() call. Typically, the offset must be word-aligned, though this might vary by architecture. See NOTES. (I<data> is ignored; but see NOTES.)"
7356 msgstr "子プロセスの USER 領域のオフセット I<addr> の位置から 1 ワードを読み込む。USER 領域にはそのプロセスの レジスタ (registers) などの情報が保持されている (I<E<lt>sys/user.hE<gt>> を参照)。読み込んだワードは B<ptrace>() コールの結果として返される。 たいていはオフセットはワード境界になければならないが、 アーキテクチャによってはその必要はない。 「注意」の節を参照。 (I<data> は無視される。 )"
7359 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:187
7361 msgid "B<PTRACE_POKETEXT>, B<PTRACE_POKEDATA>"
7362 msgstr "B<PTRACE_POKETEXT>, B<PTRACE_POKEDATA>"
7365 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:199
7367 #| msgid "Copies the word I<data> to location I<addr> in the child's memory. As above, the two requests are currently equivalent."
7368 msgid "Copy the word I<data> to the address I<addr> in the tracee's memory. As for B<PTRACE_PEEKTEXT> and B<PTRACE_PEEKDATA>, these two requests are currently equivalent."
7369 msgstr "ワード I<data> を子プロセスのメモリの I<addr> の位置へコピーする。上と同様に、現在のところ二つの 要求は同じものである。"
7372 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:199
7374 msgid "B<PTRACE_POKEUSER>"
7375 msgstr "B<PTRACE_POKEUSER>"
7377 #. PTRACE_POKEUSR in kernel source, but glibc uses PTRACE_POKEUSER,
7378 #. and that is the name that seems common on other systems.
7379 #. FIXME In the preceding sentence, which modifications are disallowed,
7380 #. and when they are disallowed, how does user space discover that fact?
7382 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:215
7384 #| msgid "Copies the word I<data> to offset I<addr> in the child's USER area. As above, the offset must typically be word-aligned. In order to maintain the integrity of the kernel, some modifications to the USER area are disallowed."
7385 msgid "Copy the word I<data> to offset I<addr> in the tracee's USER area. As for B<PTRACE_PEEKUSER>, the offset must typically be word-aligned. In order to maintain the integrity of the kernel, some modifications to the USER area are disallowed."
7386 msgstr "ワード I<data> を子プロセスの USER 領域のオフセット I<addr> の位置にコピーする。 上と同様に、通常、オフセットはワード境界になければならない。 カーネルの完全性 (integrity) を維持するため、 変更内容によっては USER 領域の変更は禁止されている。"
7389 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:215
7391 msgid "B<PTRACE_GETREGS>, B<PTRACE_GETFPREGS>"
7392 msgstr "B<PTRACE_GETREGS>, B<PTRACE_GETFPREGS>"
7395 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:238
7397 #| msgid "Copies the child's general purpose or floating-point registers, respectively, to location I<data> in the parent. See I<E<lt>sys/user.hE<gt>> for information on the format of this data. (I<addr> is ignored.)"
7398 msgid "Copy the tracee's general-purpose or floating-point registers, respectively, to the address I<data> in the tracer. See I<E<lt>sys/user.hE<gt>> for information on the format of this data. (I<addr> is ignored.) Note that SPARC systems have the meaning of I<data> and I<addr> reversed; that is, I<data> is ignored and the registers are copied to the address I<addr>. B<PTRACE_GETREGS> and B<PTRACE_GETFPREGS> are not present on all architectures."
7399 msgstr "それぞれ、子プロセスの汎用レジスタ、浮動小数点レジスタを親プロセスの I<data> の位置にコピーする。この data の書式に関しては I<E<lt>sys/user.hE<gt>> を参照すること。(I<addr> は無視される。)"
7402 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:238
7404 msgid "B<PTRACE_GETREGSET> (since Linux 2.6.34)"
7405 msgstr " B<PTRACE_GETREGSET> (since Linux 2.6.34)"
7408 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:259
7409 msgid "Read the tracee's registers. I<addr> specifies, in an architecture-dependent way, the type of registers to be read. B<NT_PRSTATUS> (with numerical value 1) usually results in reading of general-purpose registers. If the CPU has, for example, floating-point and/or vector registers, they can be retrieved by setting I<addr> to the corresponding B<NT_foo> constant. I<data> points to a B<struct iovec>, which describes the destination buffer's location and length. On return, the kernel modifies B<iov.len> to indicate the actual number of bytes returned."
7413 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:259
7415 msgid "B<PTRACE_SETREGS>, B<PTRACE_SETFPREGS>"
7416 msgstr "B<PTRACE_SETREGS>, B<PTRACE_SETFPREGS>"
7418 #. FIXME . In the preceding sentence, which modifications are disallowed,
7419 #. and when they are disallowed, how does user space discover that fact?
7421 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:284
7423 #| msgid "Copies the child's general purpose or floating-point registers, respectively, from location I<data> in the parent. As for B<PTRACE_POKEUSER>, some general purpose register modifications may be disallowed. (I<addr> is ignored.)"
7424 msgid "Modify the tracee's general-purpose or floating-point registers, respectively, from the address I<data> in the tracer. As for B<PTRACE_POKEUSER>, some general-purpose register modifications may be disallowed. (I<addr> is ignored.) Note that SPARC systems have the meaning of I<data> and I<addr> reversed; that is, I<data> is ignored and the registers are copied from the address I<addr>. B<PTRACE_SETREGS> and B<PTRACE_SETFPREGS> are not present on all architectures."
7425 msgstr "それぞれ、子プロセスの汎用レジスタ、浮動小数点レジスタに 親プロセスの I<date> の位置からコピーする。 B<PTRACE_POKEUSER> と同様に、汎用レジスタによっては 変更が禁止されている場合がある。 (I<addr> は無視される。)"
7428 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:284
7430 msgid "B<PTRACE_SETREGSET> (since Linux 2.6.34)"
7431 msgstr " B<PTRACE_SETREGSET> (since Linux 2.6.34)"
7434 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:293
7435 msgid "Modify the tracee's registers. The meaning of I<addr> and I<data> is analogous to B<PTRACE_GETREGSET>."
7439 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:293
7441 msgid "B<PTRACE_GETSIGINFO> (since Linux 2.3.99-pre6)"
7442 msgstr "B<PTRACE_GETSIGINFO> (Linux 2.3.99-pre6 以降)"
7445 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:305
7447 #| msgid "Retrieve information about the signal that caused the stop. Copies a I<siginfo_t> structure (see B<sigaction>(2)) from the child to location I<data> in the parent. (I<addr> is ignored.)"
7448 msgid "Retrieve information about the signal that caused the stop. Copy a I<siginfo_t> structure (see B<sigaction>(2)) from the tracee to the address I<data> in the tracer. (I<addr> is ignored.)"
7449 msgstr "停止の原因となったシグナルに関する情報を取得する。 I<siginfo_t> 構造体 (B<sigaction>(2) 参照) を子プロセスから親プロセスの I<data> の位置にコピーする。 (I<addr> は無視される。)"
7452 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:305
7454 msgid "B<PTRACE_SETSIGINFO> (since Linux 2.3.99-pre6)"
7455 msgstr "B<PTRACE_SETSIGINFO> (Linux 2.3.99-pre6 以降)"
7458 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:321
7460 #| msgid "Set signal information. Copies a I<siginfo_t> structure from location I<data> in the parent to the child. This will only affect signals that would normally be delivered to the child and were caught by the tracer. It may be difficult to tell these normal signals from synthetic signals generated by B<ptrace>() itself. (I<addr> is ignored.)"
7461 msgid "Set signal information: copy a I<siginfo_t> structure from the address I<data> in the tracer to the tracee. This will affect only signals that would normally be delivered to the tracee and were caught by the tracer. It may be difficult to tell these normal signals from synthetic signals generated by B<ptrace>() itself. (I<addr> is ignored.)"
7462 msgstr "シグナル情報を設定する。 I<siginfo_t> 構造体を親プロセスのデータ I<data> の位置から 子プロセスにコピーする。 この処理を行うことができるのは、子プロセスに通常は配送されるはずで トレーサに捕捉されたシグナルについてだけである。 これらの通常のシグナルと B<ptrace>() 自身が発生するシグナルを見分けるのは難しいかもしれない。 (I<addr> は無視される。)"
7465 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:321
7467 msgid "B<PTRACE_PEEKSIGINFO> (since Linux 3.10)"
7468 msgstr "B<PTRACE_PEEKSIGINFO> (Linux 3.10 以降)"
7470 #. commit 84c751bd4aebbaae995fe32279d3dba48327bad4
7472 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:347
7473 msgid "Retrieve I<siginfo_t> structures without removing signals from a queue. I<addr> points to a I<ptrace_peeksiginfo_args> structure that specifies the ordinal position from which copying of signals should start, and the number of signals to copy. I<siginfo_t> structures are copied into the buffer pointed to by I<data>. The return value contains the number of copied signals (zero indicates that there is no signal corresponding to the specified ordinal position). Within the returned I<siginfo> structures, the I<si_code> field includes information (B<__SI_CHLD>, B<__SI_FAULT>, etc.) that are not otherwise exposed to user space."
7477 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:356
7480 "struct ptrace_peeksiginfo_args {\n"
7481 " u64 off; /* Ordinal position in queue at which\n"
7482 " to start copying signals */\n"
7483 " u32 flags; /* PTRACE_PEEKSIGINFO_SHARED or 0 */\n"
7484 " s32 nr; /* Number of signals to copy */\n"
7489 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:363
7490 msgid "Currently, there is only one flag, B<PTRACE_PEEKSIGINFO_SHARED>, for dumping signals from the process-wide signal queue. If this flag is not set, signals are read from the per-thread queue of the specified thread."
7494 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:365
7496 msgid "B<PTRACE_GETSIGMASK> (since Linux 3.11)"
7497 msgstr "B<PTRACE_GETSIGMASK> (Linux 3.11 以降)"
7499 #. commit 29000caecbe87b6b66f144f72111f0d02fbbf0c1
7501 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:380
7502 msgid "Place a copy of the mask of blocked signals (see B<sigprocmask>(2)) in the buffer pointed to by I<data>, which should be a pointer to a buffer of type I<sigset_t>. The I<addr> argument contains the size of the buffer pointed to by I<data> (i.e., I<sizeof(sigset_t)>)."
7506 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:380
7508 msgid "B<PTRACE_SETSIGMASK> (since Linux 3.11)"
7509 msgstr "B<PTRACE_SETSIGMASK> (Linux 3.11 以降)"
7512 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:394
7513 msgid "Change the mask of blocked signals (see B<sigprocmask>(2)) to the value specified in the buffer pointed to by I<data>, which should be a pointer to a buffer of type I<sigset_t>. The I<addr> argument contains the size of the buffer pointed to by I<data> (i.e., I<sizeof(sigset_t)>)."
7517 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:394
7519 msgid "B<PTRACE_SETOPTIONS> (since Linux 2.4.6; see BUGS for caveats)"
7520 msgstr "B<PTRACE_SETOPTIONS> (Linux 2.4.6 以降; バグの章にある警告も参照)"
7523 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:403
7524 msgid "Set ptrace options from I<data>. (I<addr> is ignored.) I<data> is interpreted as a bit mask of options, which are specified by the following flags:"
7525 msgstr "I<data> に基づいて ptrace のオプションを設定する (I<addr> は無視される)。 I<data> はオプションのビットマスクとして解釈され、 オプションには以下のフラグを指定できる:"
7528 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:404
7530 msgid "B<PTRACE_O_EXITKILL> (since Linux 3.8)"
7531 msgstr " B<PTRACE_O_EXITKILL> (since Linux 3.8)"
7533 #. commit 992fb6e170639b0849bace8e49bf31bd37c4123
7535 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:412
7536 msgid "If a tracer sets this flag, a B<SIGKILL> signal will be sent to every tracee if the tracer exits. This option is useful for ptrace jailers that want to ensure that tracees can never escape the tracer's control."
7540 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:412
7542 msgid "B<PTRACE_O_TRACECLONE> (since Linux 2.5.46)"
7543 msgstr "B<PTRACE_O_TRACECLONE> (Linux 2.5.46 以降)"
7546 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:429
7548 #| msgid "Stop the child at the next B<fork>(2) call with I<SIGTRAP | PTRACE_EVENT_FORK\\ E<lt>E<lt>\\ 8> and automatically start tracing the newly forked process, which will start with a B<SIGSTOP>. The PID for the new process can be retrieved with B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG>."
7549 msgid "Stop the tracee at the next B<clone>(2) and automatically start tracing the newly cloned process, which will start with a B<SIGSTOP>, or B<PTRACE_EVENT_STOP> if B<PTRACE_SEIZE> was used. A B<waitpid>(2) by the tracer will return a I<status> value such that"
7550 msgstr "次の B<fork>(2) 呼び出し時に I<SIGTRAP | PTRACE_EVENT_FORK\\ E<lt>E<lt>\\ 8> で 子プロセスの動作を停止させ、 新たに fork されたプロセスのトレースを自動的に開始し、 B<SIGSTOP> でそのプロセスの実行を開始する。 新しいプロセスの PID は B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG> で取得できる。"
7553 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:432
7555 msgid " statusE<gt>E<gt>8 == (SIGTRAP | (PTRACE_EVENT_CLONEE<lt>E<lt>8))\n"
7556 msgstr " statusE<gt>E<gt>8 == (SIGTRAP | (PTRACE_EVENT_CLONEE<lt>E<lt>8))\n"
7559 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:436 build/C/man2/ptrace.2:522
7560 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:555
7561 msgid "The PID of the new process can be retrieved with B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG>."
7562 msgstr "新規のプロセスの PID は B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG> で取得できる。"
7565 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:457
7567 #| msgid "Stop the child at the next B<clone>(2) call with I<SIGTRAP | PTRACE_EVENT_CLONE\\ E<lt>E<lt>\\ 8> and automatically start tracing the newly cloned process, which will start with a B<SIGSTOP>. The PID for the new process can be retrieved with B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG>. This option may not catch B<clone>(2) calls in all cases. If the child calls B<clone>(2) with the B<CLONE_VFORK> flag, B<PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK> will be delivered instead if B<PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORK> is set; otherwise if the child calls B<clone>(2) with the exit signal set to B<SIGCHLD>, B<PTRACE_EVENT_FORK> will be delivered if B<PTRACE_O_TRACEFORK> is set."
7568 msgid "This option may not catch B<clone>(2) calls in all cases. If the tracee calls B<clone>(2) with the B<CLONE_VFORK> flag, B<PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK> will be delivered instead if B<PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORK> is set; otherwise if the tracee calls B<clone>(2) with the exit signal set to B<SIGCHLD>, B<PTRACE_EVENT_FORK> will be delivered if B<PTRACE_O_TRACEFORK> is set."
7569 msgstr "次の B<clone>(2) 呼び出し時に I<SIGTRAP | PTRACE_EVENT_CLONE\\ E<lt>E<lt> \\8> で 子プロセスの動作を停止させ、 新たに clone で作成されたプロセスのトレースを自動的に開始し、 B<SIGSTOP> でプロセスの実行を開始する。 新しいプロセスの PID は B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG> で取得できる。 このオプションで全ての B<clone>(2) コールを捕まえられるわけではない。 子プロセスが B<CLONE_VFORK> フラグ付きで B<clone>(2) を呼び出した場合、 B<PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORK> が設定されていれば代わりに B<PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK> が配送される。 また、子プロセスが終了シグナルを B<SIGCHLD> に設定して B<clone>(2) を呼び出した場合は、 B<PTRACE_O_TRACEFORK> が設定されていれば B<PTRACE_EVENT_FORK> が配送される。"
7572 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:457
7574 msgid "B<PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC> (since Linux 2.5.46)"
7575 msgstr "B<PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC> (Linux 2.5.46 以降)"
7578 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:466
7579 msgid "Stop the tracee at the next B<execve>(2). A B<waitpid>(2) by the tracer will return a I<status> value such that"
7583 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:469
7585 msgid " statusE<gt>E<gt>8 == (SIGTRAP | (PTRACE_EVENT_EXECE<lt>E<lt>8))\n"
7586 msgstr " statusE<gt>E<gt>8 == (SIGTRAP | (PTRACE_EVENT_EXECE<lt>E<lt>8))\n"
7589 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:475
7590 msgid "If the execing thread is not a thread group leader, the thread ID is reset to thread group leader's ID before this stop. Since Linux 3.0, the former thread ID can be retrieved with B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG>."
7594 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:475
7596 msgid "B<PTRACE_O_TRACEEXIT> (since Linux 2.5.60)"
7597 msgstr "B<PTRACE_O_TRACEEXIT> (Linux 2.5.60 以降)"
7600 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:483
7601 msgid "Stop the tracee at exit. A B<waitpid>(2) by the tracer will return a I<status> value such that"
7605 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:486
7607 msgid " statusE<gt>E<gt>8 == (SIGTRAP | (PTRACE_EVENT_EXITE<lt>E<lt>8))\n"
7608 msgstr " statusE<gt>E<gt>8 == (SIGTRAP | (PTRACE_EVENT_EXITE<lt>E<lt>8))\n"
7611 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:490
7612 msgid "The tracee's exit status can be retrieved with B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG>."
7616 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:498
7618 #| msgid "Stop the child at exit with I<SIGTRAP | PTRACE_EVENT_EXIT\\ E<lt>E<lt>\\ 8>. The child's exit status can be retrieved with B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG>. This stop will be done early during process exit when registers are still available, allowing the tracer to see where the exit occurred, whereas the normal exit notification is done after the process is finished exiting. Even though context is available, the tracer cannot prevent the exit from happening at this point."
7619 msgid "The tracee is stopped early during process exit, when registers are still available, allowing the tracer to see where the exit occurred, whereas the normal exit notification is done after the process is finished exiting. Even though context is available, the tracer cannot prevent the exit from happening at this point."
7620 msgstr "終了 (exit) 時に I<SIGTRAP | PTRACE_EVENT_EXIT\\ E<lt>E<lt>\\ 8> で子プロセスの動作を停止させる。子プロセスの終了ステータスは B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG> で取得できる。 この停止はレジスタがまだ参照可能であるプロセス終了処理の初期に行われ、 トレーサはどこで終了が発生したかを知ることができる。 通常の終了通知 (exit notification) はプロセスの終了処理が完了した後に 行われる。コンテキストを参照することはできるにも関わらず、 トレーサはこの時点から終了を止めることはできない。"
7623 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:498
7625 msgid "B<PTRACE_O_TRACEFORK> (since Linux 2.5.46)"
7626 msgstr "B<PTRACE_O_TRACEFORK> (Linux 2.5.46 以降)"
7629 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:515
7631 #| msgid "Stop the child at the next B<fork>(2) call with I<SIGTRAP | PTRACE_EVENT_FORK\\ E<lt>E<lt>\\ 8> and automatically start tracing the newly forked process, which will start with a B<SIGSTOP>. The PID for the new process can be retrieved with B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG>."
7632 msgid "Stop the tracee at the next B<fork>(2) and automatically start tracing the newly forked process, which will start with a B<SIGSTOP>, or B<PTRACE_EVENT_STOP> if B<PTRACE_SEIZE> was used. A B<waitpid>(2) by the tracer will return a I<status> value such that"
7633 msgstr "次の B<fork>(2) 呼び出し時に I<SIGTRAP | PTRACE_EVENT_FORK\\ E<lt>E<lt>\\ 8> で 子プロセスの動作を停止させ、 新たに fork されたプロセスのトレースを自動的に開始し、 B<SIGSTOP> でそのプロセスの実行を開始する。 新しいプロセスの PID は B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG> で取得できる。"
7636 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:518
7638 msgid " statusE<gt>E<gt>8 == (SIGTRAP | (PTRACE_EVENT_FORKE<lt>E<lt>8))\n"
7639 msgstr " statusE<gt>E<gt>8 == (SIGTRAP | (PTRACE_EVENT_FORKE<lt>E<lt>8))\n"
7642 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:522
7644 msgid "B<PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD> (since Linux 2.4.6)"
7645 msgstr "B<PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD> (Linux 2.4.6 以降)"
7648 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:531
7650 #| msgid "When delivering syscall traps, set bit 7 in the signal number (i.e., deliver I<SIGTRAP | 0x80>). This makes it easy for the tracer to tell the difference between normal traps and those caused by a syscall. (B<PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD> may not work on all architectures.)"
7651 msgid "When delivering system call traps, set bit 7 in the signal number (i.e., deliver I<SIGTRAP|0x80>). This makes it easy for the tracer to distinguish normal traps from those caused by a system call. (B<PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD> may not work on all architectures.)"
7652 msgstr "システムコールのトラップが配送されたときに、シグナル番号のビット 7 を設定する (すなわち、I<SIGTRAP | 0x80> を配送する)。 これにより、トレーサが通常のトラップとシステムコールによるトラップを 区別しやすくなる。 (B<PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD> はどのアーキテクチャでも動作しない可能性がある。)"
7655 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:531
7657 msgid "B<PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORK> (since Linux 2.5.46)"
7658 msgstr "B<PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORK> (Linux 2.5.46 以降)"
7661 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:548
7663 #| msgid "Stop the child at the next B<vfork>(2) call with I<SIGTRAP | PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK\\ E<lt>E<lt>\\ 8> and automatically start tracing the newly vforked process, which will start with a B<SIGSTOP>. The PID for the new process can be retrieved with B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG>."
7664 msgid "Stop the tracee at the next B<vfork>(2) and automatically start tracing the newly vforked process, which will start with a B<SIGSTOP>, or B<PTRACE_EVENT_STOP> if B<PTRACE_SEIZE> was used. A B<waitpid>(2) by the tracer will return a I<status> value such that"
7665 msgstr "次の B<vfork>(2) 呼び出し時に I<SIGTRAP | PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK\\ E<lt>E<lt>\\ 8> で 子プロセスの動作を停止させ、 新たに vfork されたプロセスのトレースを自動的に開始し、 B<SIGSTOP> でそのプロセスの実行を開始する。 新しいプロセスの PID は B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG> で取得できる。"
7668 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:551
7670 msgid " statusE<gt>E<gt>8 == (SIGTRAP | (PTRACE_EVENT_VFORKE<lt>E<lt>8))\n"
7671 msgstr " statusE<gt>E<gt>8 == (SIGTRAP | (PTRACE_EVENT_VFORKE<lt>E<lt>8))\n"
7674 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:555
7676 msgid "B<PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORKDONE> (since Linux 2.5.60)"
7677 msgstr "B<PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORKDONE> (Linux 2.5.60 以降)"
7680 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:564
7681 msgid "Stop the tracee at the completion of the next B<vfork>(2). A B<waitpid>(2) by the tracer will return a I<status> value such that"
7685 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:567
7687 msgid " statusE<gt>E<gt>8 == (SIGTRAP | (PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK_DONEE<lt>E<lt>8))\n"
7691 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:571
7692 msgid "The PID of the new process can (since Linux 2.6.18) be retrieved with B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG>."
7696 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:571
7698 msgid "B<PTRACE_O_TRACESECCOMP> (since Linux 3.5)"
7699 msgstr "B<PTRACE_O_TRACESECCOMP> (Linux 3.5 以降)"
7702 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:582
7704 #| msgid "Stop the child at the next B<fork>(2) call with I<SIGTRAP | PTRACE_EVENT_FORK\\ E<lt>E<lt>\\ 8> and automatically start tracing the newly forked process, which will start with a B<SIGSTOP>. The PID for the new process can be retrieved with B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG>."
7705 msgid "Stop the tracee when a B<seccomp>(2) B<SECCOMP_RET_TRACE> rule is triggered. A B<waitpid>(2) by the tracer will return a I<status> value such that"
7706 msgstr "次の B<fork>(2) 呼び出し時に I<SIGTRAP | PTRACE_EVENT_FORK\\ E<lt>E<lt>\\ 8> で 子プロセスの動作を停止させ、 新たに fork されたプロセスのトレースを自動的に開始し、 B<SIGSTOP> でそのプロセスの実行を開始する。 新しいプロセスの PID は B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG> で取得できる。"
7709 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:585
7711 msgid " statusE<gt>E<gt>8 == (SIGTRAP | (PTRACE_EVENT_SECCOMPE<lt>E<lt>8))\n"
7712 msgstr " statusE<gt>E<gt>8 == (SIGTRAP | (PTRACE_EVENT_SECCOMPE<lt>E<lt>8))\n"
7715 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:595
7716 msgid "While this triggers a B<PTRACE_EVENT> stop, it is similar to a syscall-enter-stop, in that the tracee has not yet entered the syscall that seccomp triggered on. The seccomp event message data (from the B<SECCOMP_RET_DATA> portion of the seccomp filter rule) can be retrieved with B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG>."
7720 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:596
7722 msgid "B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG> (since Linux 2.5.46)"
7723 msgstr "B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG> (Linux 2.5.46 以降)"
7726 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:623
7728 #| msgid "Retrieve a message (as an I<unsigned long>) about the ptrace event that just happened, placing it in the location I<data> in the parent. For B<PTRACE_EVENT_EXIT> this is the child's exit status. For B<PTRACE_EVENT_FORK>, B<PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK> and B<PTRACE_EVENT_CLONE> this is the PID of the new process. Since Linux 2.6.18, the PID of the new process is also available for B<PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK_DONE>. (I<addr> is ignored.)"
7729 msgid "Retrieve a message (as an I<unsigned long>) about the ptrace event that just happened, placing it at the address I<data> in the tracer. For B<PTRACE_EVENT_EXIT>, this is the tracee's exit status. For B<PTRACE_EVENT_FORK>, B<PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK>, B<PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK_DONE>, and B<PTRACE_EVENT_CLONE>, this is the PID of the new process. For B<PTRACE_EVENT_SECCOMP>, this is the B<seccomp>(2) filter's B<SECCOMP_RET_DATA> associated with the triggered rule. (I<addr> is ignored.)"
7730 msgstr "発生したばかりの ptrace イベントに関するメッセージを (I<unsigned long> 型で) 取得する。 取得したメッセージは親プロセスの I<data> の位置に格納される。 得られる内容は、 B<PTRACE_EVENT_EXIT> の場合は子プロセスの終了ステータスであり、 B<PTRACE_EVENT_FORK>, B<PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK>, B<PTRACE_EVENT_CLONE> の場合は新しいプロセスの PID である。 Linux 2.6.18 以降では、新しいプロセスの PID は B<PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK_DONE> で入手できる。 (I<addr> は無視される。)"
7733 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:623
7735 msgid "B<PTRACE_CONT>"
7736 msgstr "B<PTRACE_CONT>"
7739 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:635
7741 #| msgid "Restarts the stopped child process. If I<data> is nonzero and not B<SIGSTOP>, it is interpreted as a signal to be delivered to the child; otherwise, no signal is delivered. Thus, for example, the parent can control whether a signal sent to the child is delivered or not. (I<addr> is ignored.)"
7742 msgid "Restart the stopped tracee process. If I<data> is nonzero, it is interpreted as the number of a signal to be delivered to the tracee; otherwise, no signal is delivered. Thus, for example, the tracer can control whether a signal sent to the tracee is delivered or not. (I<addr> is ignored.)"
7743 msgstr "停止した子プロセスの実行を再開させる。 I<data> がゼロでなく、 B<SIGSTOP> でもなければ、 子プロセスに配送されるシグナルと解釈される。 ゼロや B<SIGSTOP> の場合はシグナルは配送されない。 これを使うと、例えば、親プロセスは 子プロセスに送られたシグナルを実際に配送するかどうかを 制御することができる。(I<addr> は無視される。)"
7746 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:635
7748 msgid "B<PTRACE_SYSCALL>, B<PTRACE_SINGLESTEP>"
7749 msgstr "B<PTRACE_SYSCALL>, B<PTRACE_SINGLESTEP>"
7752 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:659
7754 #| msgid "Restarts the stopped child as for B<PTRACE_CONT>, but arranges for the child to be stopped at the next entry to or exit from a system call, or after execution of a single instruction, respectively. (The child will also, as usual, be stopped upon receipt of a signal.) From the parent's perspective, the child will appear to have been stopped by receipt of a B<SIGTRAP>. So, for B<PTRACE_SYSCALL>, for example, the idea is to inspect the arguments to the system call at the first stop, then do another B<PTRACE_SYSCALL> and inspect the return value of the system call at the second stop. The I<data> argument is treated as for B<PTRACE_CONT>. (I<addr> is ignored.)"
7755 msgid "Restart the stopped tracee as for B<PTRACE_CONT>, but arrange for the tracee to be stopped at the next entry to or exit from a system call, or after execution of a single instruction, respectively. (The tracee will also, as usual, be stopped upon receipt of a signal.) From the tracer's perspective, the tracee will appear to have been stopped by receipt of a B<SIGTRAP>. So, for B<PTRACE_SYSCALL>, for example, the idea is to inspect the arguments to the system call at the first stop, then do another B<PTRACE_SYSCALL> and inspect the return value of the system call at the second stop. The I<data> argument is treated as for B<PTRACE_CONT>. (I<addr> is ignored.)"
7756 msgstr "B<PTRACE_CONT> と同様に停止した子プロセスを再開する。ただし、 B<PTRACE_SYSCALL> の場合は子プロセスが 次にシステムコールに入るかシステムコールから抜けるかする時に、 B<PTRACE_SINGLESTEP> の場合は 1 命令 (instruction) 実行した後に停止させる (通常どおり、子プロセスはシグナルを受け取った場合にも停止する)。 親プロセスから見ると、子プロセスは B<SIGTRAP> を受信して停止したように見える。そのため、例えば B<PTRACE_SYSCALL> を使うと、1回目の停止で引き数を調べて B<PTRACE_SYSCALL> を実行し、 2回目の停止でシステムコールの返り値を調べる、 というようなことができる。 引き数 I<data> は B<PTRACE_CONT> の場合と同じ様に解釈される。 (I<addr> は無視される。)"
7759 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:659
7761 msgid "B<PTRACE_SYSEMU>, B<PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP> (since Linux 2.6.14)"
7762 msgstr "B<PTRACE_SYSEMU>, B<PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP> (Linux 2.6.14 以降)"
7766 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:680
7768 #| msgid "For B<PTRACE_SYSEMU>, continue and stop on entry to the next syscall, which will not be executed. For B<PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP>, do the same but also singlestep if not a syscall. This call is used by programs like User Mode Linux that want to emulate all the child's system calls. The I<data> argument is treated as for B<PTRACE_CONT>. (I<addr> is ignored; not supported on all architectures.)"
7769 msgid "For B<PTRACE_SYSEMU>, continue and stop on entry to the next system call, which will not be executed. For B<PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP>, do the same but also singlestep if not a system call. This call is used by programs like User Mode Linux that want to emulate all the tracee's system calls. The I<data> argument is treated as for B<PTRACE_CONT>. The I<addr> argument is ignored. These requests are currently supported only on x86."
7770 msgstr "B<PTRACE_SYSEMU> は、実行を再開し、次のシステムコールに入る時に停止させる。 システムコールは実行されない。 B<PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP> も同様だが、システムコールでない場合には 1 命令 (singlestep) だけ実行した時点でも停止させる。 このコールは User Mode Linux のように子プロセスのシステムコールを全て エミュレートしようとするプログラムで使用される。 引き数 I<data> は B<PTRACE_CONT> の場合と同じ様に解釈される。 (I<addr> は無視される。 全てのアーキテクチャでサポートされているわけではない。)"
7773 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:680
7775 msgid "B<PTRACE_LISTEN> (since Linux 3.4)"
7776 msgstr " B<PTRACE_LISTEN> (since Linux 3.4)"
7779 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:691
7780 msgid "Restart the stopped tracee, but prevent it from executing. The resulting state of the tracee is similar to a process which has been stopped by a B<SIGSTOP> (or other stopping signal). See the \"group-stop\" subsection for additional information. B<PTRACE_LISTEN> works only on tracees attached by B<PTRACE_SEIZE>."
7784 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:691
7786 msgid "B<PTRACE_KILL>"
7787 msgstr "B<PTRACE_KILL>"
7790 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:700
7792 #| msgid "Sends the child a B<SIGKILL> to terminate it. (I<addr> and I<data> are ignored.)"
7793 msgid "Send the tracee a B<SIGKILL> to terminate it. (I<addr> and I<data> are ignored.)"
7794 msgstr "子プロセスに B<SIGKILL> を送り終了させる。(I<addr> と I<data> は無視される。)"
7796 #. [Note from Denys Vlasenko:
7797 #. deprecation suggested by Oleg Nesterov. He prefers to deprecate it
7798 #. instead of describing (and needing to support) PTRACE_KILL's quirks.]
7800 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:719
7801 msgid "I<This operation is deprecated; do not use it!> Instead, send a B<SIGKILL> directly using B<kill>(2) or B<tgkill>(2). The problem with B<PTRACE_KILL> is that it requires the tracee to be in signal-delivery-stop, otherwise it may not work (i.e., may complete successfully but won't kill the tracee). By contrast, sending a B<SIGKILL> directly has no such limitation."
7805 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:719
7807 msgid "B<PTRACE_INTERRUPT> (since Linux 3.4)"
7808 msgstr " B<PTRACE_INTERRUPT> (since Linux 3.4)"
7811 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:747
7812 msgid "Stop a tracee. If the tracee is running or sleeping in kernel space and B<PTRACE_SYSCALL> is in effect, the system call is interrupted and syscall-exit-stop is reported. (The interrupted system call is restarted when the tracee is restarted.) If the tracee was already stopped by a signal and B<PTRACE_LISTEN> was sent to it, the tracee stops with B<PTRACE_EVENT_STOP> and I<WSTOPSIG(status)> returns the stop signal. If any other ptrace-stop is generated at the same time (for example, if a signal is sent to the tracee), this ptrace-stop happens. If none of the above applies (for example, if the tracee is running in user space), it stops with B<PTRACE_EVENT_STOP> with I<WSTOPSIG(status)> == B<SIGTRAP>. B<PTRACE_INTERRUPT> only works on tracees attached by B<PTRACE_SEIZE>."
7816 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:747
7818 msgid "B<PTRACE_ATTACH>"
7819 msgstr "B<PTRACE_ATTACH>"
7821 #. No longer true (removed by Denys Vlasenko, 2011, who remarks:
7822 #. "I think it isn't true in non-ancient 2.4 and in 2.6/3.x.
7823 #. Basically, it's not true for any Linux in practical use.
7824 #. ; the behavior of the tracee is as if it had done a
7825 #. .BR PTRACE_TRACEME .
7826 #. The calling process actually becomes the parent of the tracee
7827 #. process for most purposes (e.g., it will receive
7828 #. notification of tracee events and appears in
7830 #. output as the tracee's parent), but a
7832 #. by the tracee will still return the PID of the original parent.
7834 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:775
7835 msgid "Attach to the process specified in I<pid>, making it a tracee of the calling process. The tracee is sent a B<SIGSTOP>, but will not necessarily have stopped by the completion of this call; use B<waitpid>(2) to wait for the tracee to stop. See the \"Attaching and detaching\" subsection for additional information. (I<addr> and I<data> are ignored.)"
7839 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:775
7841 msgid "B<PTRACE_SEIZE> (since Linux 3.4)"
7842 msgstr " B<PTRACE_SEIZE> (since Linux 3.4)"
7845 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:795
7846 msgid "Attach to the process specified in I<pid>, making it a tracee of the calling process. Unlike B<PTRACE_ATTACH>, B<PTRACE_SEIZE> does not stop the process. Only a B<PTRACE_SEIZE>d process can accept B<PTRACE_INTERRUPT> and B<PTRACE_LISTEN> commands. I<addr> must be zero. I<data> contains a bit mask of ptrace options to activate immediately."
7850 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:795
7852 msgid "B<PTRACE_DETACH>"
7853 msgstr "B<PTRACE_DETACH>"
7856 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:804
7858 #| msgid "Restarts the stopped child as for B<PTRACE_CONT>, but first detaches from the process, undoing the reparenting effect of B<PTRACE_ATTACH>, and the effects of B<PTRACE_TRACEME>. Although perhaps not intended, under Linux a traced child can be detached in this way regardless of which method was used to initiate tracing. (I<addr> is ignored.)"
7859 msgid "Restart the stopped tracee as for B<PTRACE_CONT>, but first detach from it. Under Linux, a tracee can be detached in this way regardless of which method was used to initiate tracing. (I<addr> is ignored.)"
7860 msgstr "B<PTRACE_CONT> と同様に停止した子プロセスを再開する。ただし まずそのプロセスからの分離 (detach) を行い、 B<PTRACE_ATTACH> での親の切り換えによる効果と B<PTRACE_TRACEME> の効果を取り消す。意図したものではないだろうが、 Linux では、トレースされている子プロセスはどのような方法でトレースを 開始されたとしても、この方法で分離 (detach) することができる。 (I<addr> は無視される。)"
7863 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:804
7865 msgid "Death under ptrace"
7869 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:813
7870 msgid "When a (possibly multithreaded) process receives a killing signal (one whose disposition is set to B<SIG_DFL> and whose default action is to kill the process), all threads exit. Tracees report their death to their tracer(s). Notification of this event is delivered via B<waitpid>(2)."
7874 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:822
7875 msgid "Note that the killing signal will first cause signal-delivery-stop (on one tracee only), and only after it is injected by the tracer (or after it was dispatched to a thread which isn't traced), will death from the signal happen on I<all> tracees within a multithreaded process. (The term \"signal-delivery-stop\" is explained below.)"
7879 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:834
7880 msgid "B<SIGKILL> does not generate signal-delivery-stop and therefore the tracer can't suppress it. B<SIGKILL> kills even within system calls (syscall-exit-stop is not generated prior to death by B<SIGKILL>). The net effect is that B<SIGKILL> always kills the process (all its threads), even if some threads of the process are ptraced."
7884 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:839
7885 msgid "When the tracee calls B<_exit>(2), it reports its death to its tracer. Other threads are not affected."
7889 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:843
7890 msgid "When any thread executes B<exit_group>(2), every tracee in its thread group reports its death to its tracer."
7894 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:857
7895 msgid "If the B<PTRACE_O_TRACEEXIT> option is on, B<PTRACE_EVENT_EXIT> will happen before actual death. This applies to exits via B<exit>(2), B<exit_group>(2), and signal deaths (except B<SIGKILL>), and when threads are torn down on B<execve>(2) in a multithreaded process."
7899 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:882
7900 msgid "The tracer cannot assume that the ptrace-stopped tracee exists. There are many scenarios when the tracee may die while stopped (such as B<SIGKILL>). Therefore, the tracer must be prepared to handle an B<ESRCH> error on any ptrace operation. Unfortunately, the same error is returned if the tracee exists but is not ptrace-stopped (for commands which require a stopped tracee), or if it is not traced by the process which issued the ptrace call. The tracer needs to keep track of the stopped/running state of the tracee, and interpret B<ESRCH> as \"tracee died unexpectedly\" only if it knows that the tracee has been observed to enter ptrace-stop. Note that there is no guarantee that I<waitpid(WNOHANG)> will reliably report the tracee's death status if a ptrace operation returned B<ESRCH>. I<waitpid(WNOHANG)> may return 0 instead. In other words, the tracee may be \"not yet fully dead\", but already refusing ptrace requests."
7904 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:896
7905 msgid "The tracer can't assume that the tracee I<always> ends its life by reporting I<WIFEXITED(status)> or I<WIFSIGNALED(status)>; there are cases where this does not occur. For example, if a thread other than thread group leader does an B<execve>(2), it disappears; its PID will never be seen again, and any subsequent ptrace stops will be reported under the thread group leader's PID."
7909 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:896
7911 msgid "Stopped states"
7915 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:918
7916 msgid "A tracee can be in two states: running or stopped. For the purposes of ptrace, a tracee which is blocked in a system call (such as B<read>(2), B<pause>(2), etc.) is nevertheless considered to be running, even if the tracee is blocked for a long time. The state of the tracee after B<PTRACE_LISTEN> is somewhat of a gray area: it is not in any ptrace-stop (ptrace commands won't work on it, and it will deliver B<waitpid>(2) notifications), but it also may be considered \"stopped\" because it is not executing instructions (is not scheduled), and if it was in group-stop before B<PTRACE_LISTEN>, it will not respond to signals until B<SIGCONT> is received."
7920 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:922
7921 msgid "There are many kinds of states when the tracee is stopped, and in ptrace discussions they are often conflated. Therefore, it is important to use precise terms."
7925 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:933
7926 msgid "In this manual page, any stopped state in which the tracee is ready to accept ptrace commands from the tracer is called I<ptrace-stop>. Ptrace-stops can be further subdivided into I<signal-delivery-stop>, I<group-stop>, I<syscall-stop>, and so on. These stopped states are described in detail below."
7930 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:938
7931 msgid "When the running tracee enters ptrace-stop, it notifies its tracer using B<waitpid>(2) (or one of the other \"wait\" system calls). Most of this manual page assumes that the tracer waits with:"
7935 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:940
7937 msgid " pid = waitpid(pid_or_minus_1, &status, __WALL);\n"
7941 #. Do we require __WALL usage, or will just using 0 be ok? (With 0,
7942 #. I am not 100% sure there aren't ugly corner cases.) Are the
7943 #. rules different if user wants to use waitid? Will waitid require
7946 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:952
7947 msgid "Ptrace-stopped tracees are reported as returns with I<pid> greater than 0 and I<WIFSTOPPED(status)> true."
7951 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:960
7952 msgid "The B<__WALL> flag does not include the B<WSTOPPED> and B<WEXITED> flags, but implies their functionality."
7956 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:967
7957 msgid "Setting the B<WCONTINUED> flag when calling B<waitpid>(2) is not recommended: the \"continued\" state is per-process and consuming it can confuse the real parent of the tracee."
7961 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:975
7962 msgid "Use of the B<WNOHANG> flag may cause B<waitpid>(2) to return 0 (\"no wait results available yet\") even if the tracer knows there should be a notification. Example:"
7966 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:984
7970 " ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, pid, 0L, 0L);\n"
7971 " if (errno == ESRCH) {\n"
7972 " /* tracee is dead */\n"
7973 " r = waitpid(tracee, &status, __WALL | WNOHANG);\n"
7974 " /* r can still be 0 here! */\n"
7979 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1007
7980 msgid "The following kinds of ptrace-stops exist: signal-delivery-stops, group-stops, B<PTRACE_EVENT> stops, syscall-stops. They all are reported by B<waitpid>(2) with I<WIFSTOPPED(status)> true. They may be differentiated by examining the value I<statusE<gt>E<gt>8>, and if there is ambiguity in that value, by querying B<PTRACE_GETSIGINFO>. (Note: the I<WSTOPSIG(status)> macro can't be used to perform this examination, because it returns the value I<(statusE<gt>E<gt>8)\\ &\\ 0xff>.)"
7984 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1007
7986 msgid "Signal-delivery-stop"
7990 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1027
7991 msgid "When a (possibly multithreaded) process receives any signal except B<SIGKILL>, the kernel selects an arbitrary thread which handles the signal. (If the signal is generated with B<tgkill>(2), the target thread can be explicitly selected by the caller.) If the selected thread is traced, it enters signal-delivery-stop. At this point, the signal is not yet delivered to the process, and can be suppressed by the tracer. If the tracer doesn't suppress the signal, it passes the signal to the tracee in the next ptrace restart request. This second step of signal delivery is called I<signal injection> in this manual page. Note that if the signal is blocked, signal-delivery-stop doesn't happen until the signal is unblocked, with the usual exception that B<SIGSTOP> can't be blocked."
7995 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1041
7996 msgid "Signal-delivery-stop is observed by the tracer as B<waitpid>(2) returning with I<WIFSTOPPED(status)> true, with the signal returned by I<WSTOPSIG(status)>. If the signal is B<SIGTRAP>, this may be a different kind of ptrace-stop; see the \"Syscall-stops\" and \"execve\" sections below for details. If I<WSTOPSIG(status)> returns a stopping signal, this may be a group-stop; see below."
8000 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1041
8002 msgid "Signal injection and suppression"
8006 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1044
8007 msgid "After signal-delivery-stop is observed by the tracer, the tracer should restart the tracee with the call"
8011 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1046
8013 msgid " ptrace(PTRACE_restart, pid, 0, sig)\n"
8017 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1059
8018 msgid "where B<PTRACE_restart> is one of the restarting ptrace requests. If I<sig> is 0, then a signal is not delivered. Otherwise, the signal I<sig> is delivered. This operation is called I<signal injection> in this manual page, to distinguish it from signal-delivery-stop."
8022 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1065
8023 msgid "The I<sig> value may be different from the I<WSTOPSIG(status)> value: the tracer can cause a different signal to be injected."
8027 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1081
8028 msgid "Note that a suppressed signal still causes system calls to return prematurely. In this case, system calls will be restarted: the tracer will observe the tracee to reexecute the interrupted system call (or B<restart_syscall>(2) system call for a few system calls which use a different mechanism for restarting) if the tracer uses B<PTRACE_SYSCALL>. Even system calls (such as B<poll>(2)) which are not restartable after signal are restarted after signal is suppressed; however, kernel bugs exist which cause some system calls to fail with B<EINTR> even though no observable signal is injected to the tracee."
8032 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1092
8033 msgid "Restarting ptrace commands issued in ptrace-stops other than signal-delivery-stop are not guaranteed to inject a signal, even if I<sig> is nonzero. No error is reported; a nonzero I<sig> may simply be ignored. Ptrace users should not try to \"create a new signal\" this way: use B<tgkill>(2) instead."
8037 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1099
8038 msgid "The fact that signal injection requests may be ignored when restarting the tracee after ptrace stops that are not signal-delivery-stops is a cause of confusion among ptrace users. One typical scenario is that the tracer observes group-stop, mistakes it for signal-delivery-stop, restarts the tracee with"
8042 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1101
8044 msgid " ptrace(PTRACE_restart, pid, 0, stopsig)\n"
8048 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1107
8049 msgid "with the intention of injecting I<stopsig>, but I<stopsig> gets ignored and the tracee continues to run."
8053 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1127
8054 msgid "The B<SIGCONT> signal has a side effect of waking up (all threads of) a group-stopped process. This side effect happens before signal-delivery-stop. The tracer can't suppress this side effect (it can only suppress signal injection, which only causes the B<SIGCONT> handler to not be executed in the tracee, if such a handler is installed). In fact, waking up from group-stop may be followed by signal-delivery-stop for signal(s) I<other than> B<SIGCONT>, if they were pending when B<SIGCONT> was delivered. In other words, B<SIGCONT> may be not the first signal observed by the tracee after it was sent."
8058 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1131
8059 msgid "Stopping signals cause (all threads of) a process to enter group-stop. This side effect happens after signal injection, and therefore can be suppressed by the tracer."
8063 #. In the Linux 2.4 sources, in arch/i386/kernel/signal.c::do_signal(),
8065 #. /* The debugger continued. Ignore SIGSTOP. */
8066 #. if (signr == SIGSTOP)
8069 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1141
8070 msgid "In Linux 2.4 and earlier, the B<SIGSTOP> signal can't be injected."
8074 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1158
8075 msgid "B<PTRACE_GETSIGINFO> can be used to retrieve a I<siginfo_t> structure which corresponds to the delivered signal. B<PTRACE_SETSIGINFO> may be used to modify it. If B<PTRACE_SETSIGINFO> has been used to alter I<siginfo_t>, the I<si_signo> field and the I<sig> parameter in the restarting command must match, otherwise the result is undefined."
8079 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1158
8085 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1170
8086 msgid "When a (possibly multithreaded) process receives a stopping signal, all threads stop. If some threads are traced, they enter a group-stop. Note that the stopping signal will first cause signal-delivery-stop (on one tracee only), and only after it is injected by the tracer (or after it was dispatched to a thread which isn't traced), will group-stop be initiated on I<all> tracees within the multithreaded process. As usual, every tracee reports its group-stop separately to the corresponding tracer."
8090 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1179
8091 msgid "Group-stop is observed by the tracer as B<waitpid>(2) returning with I<WIFSTOPPED(status)> true, with the stopping signal available via I<WSTOPSIG(status)>. The same result is returned by some other classes of ptrace-stops, therefore the recommended practice is to perform the call"
8095 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1181
8097 msgid " ptrace(PTRACE_GETSIGINFO, pid, 0, &siginfo)\n"
8101 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1202
8102 msgid "The call can be avoided if the signal is not B<SIGSTOP>, B<SIGTSTP>, B<SIGTTIN>, or B<SIGTTOU>; only these four signals are stopping signals. If the tracer sees something else, it can't be a group-stop. Otherwise, the tracer needs to call B<PTRACE_GETSIGINFO>. If B<PTRACE_GETSIGINFO> fails with B<EINVAL>, then it is definitely a group-stop. (Other failure codes are possible, such as B<ESRCH> (\"no such process\") if a B<SIGKILL> killed the tracee.)"
8106 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1212
8107 msgid "If tracee was attached using B<PTRACE_SEIZE>, group-stop is indicated by B<PTRACE_EVENT_STOP>: I<statusE<gt>E<gt>16 == PTRACE_EVENT_STOP>. This allows detection of group-stops without requiring an extra B<PTRACE_GETSIGINFO> call."
8111 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1221
8112 msgid "As of Linux 2.6.38, after the tracer sees the tracee ptrace-stop and until it restarts or kills it, the tracee will not run, and will not send notifications (except B<SIGKILL> death) to the tracer, even if the tracer enters into another B<waitpid>(2) call."
8116 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1235
8117 msgid "The kernel behavior described in the previous paragraph causes a problem with transparent handling of stopping signals. If the tracer restarts the tracee after group-stop, the stopping signal is effectively ignored\\(emthe tracee doesn't remain stopped, it runs. If the tracer doesn't restart the tracee before entering into the next B<waitpid>(2), future B<SIGCONT> signals will not be reported to the tracer; this would cause the B<SIGCONT> signals to have no effect on the tracee."
8121 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1246
8122 msgid "Since Linux 3.4, there is a method to overcome this problem: instead of B<PTRACE_CONT>, a B<PTRACE_LISTEN> command can be used to restart a tracee in a way where it does not execute, but waits for a new event which it can report via B<waitpid>(2) (such as when it is restarted by a B<SIGCONT>)."
8126 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1246
8128 msgid "PTRACE_EVENT stops"
8132 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1252
8133 msgid "If the tracer sets B<PTRACE_O_TRACE_*> options, the tracee will enter ptrace-stops called B<PTRACE_EVENT> stops."
8137 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1266
8138 msgid "B<PTRACE_EVENT> stops are observed by the tracer as B<waitpid>(2) returning with I<WIFSTOPPED(status)>, and I<WSTOPSIG(status)> returns B<SIGTRAP>. An additional bit is set in the higher byte of the status word: the value I<statusE<gt>E<gt>8> will be"
8142 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1268
8144 msgid " (SIGTRAP | PTRACE_EVENT_foo E<lt>E<lt> 8).\n"
8148 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1270
8149 msgid "The following events exist:"
8153 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1270
8155 msgid "B<PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK>"
8156 msgstr "B<PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK>"
8159 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1283
8160 msgid "Stop before return from B<vfork>(2) or B<clone>(2) with the B<CLONE_VFORK> flag. When the tracee is continued after this stop, it will wait for child to exit/exec before continuing its execution (in other words, the usual behavior on B<vfork>(2))."
8164 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1283
8166 msgid "B<PTRACE_EVENT_FORK>"
8167 msgstr "B<PTRACE_EVENT_FORK>"
8170 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1291
8171 msgid "Stop before return from B<fork>(2) or B<clone>(2) with the exit signal set to B<SIGCHLD>."
8175 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1291
8177 msgid "B<PTRACE_EVENT_CLONE>"
8178 msgstr "B<PTRACE_EVENT_CLONE>"
8181 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1295
8182 msgid "Stop before return from B<clone>(2)."
8186 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1295
8188 msgid "B<PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK_DONE>"
8189 msgstr "B<PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK_DONE>"
8192 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1305
8193 msgid "Stop before return from B<vfork>(2) or B<clone>(2) with the B<CLONE_VFORK> flag, but after the child unblocked this tracee by exiting or execing."
8197 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1311
8198 msgid "For all four stops described above, the stop occurs in the parent (i.e., the tracee), not in the newly created thread. B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG> can be used to retrieve the new thread's ID."
8202 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1311
8204 msgid "B<PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC>"
8205 msgstr "B<PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC>"
8208 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1318
8209 msgid "Stop before return from B<execve>(2). Since Linux 3.0, B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG> returns the former thread ID."
8213 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1318
8215 msgid "B<PTRACE_EVENT_EXIT>"
8216 msgstr "B<PTRACE_EVENT_EXIT>"
8219 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1334
8220 msgid "Stop before exit (including death from B<exit_group>(2)), signal death, or exit caused by B<execve>(2) in a multithreaded process. B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG> returns the exit status. Registers can be examined (unlike when \"real\" exit happens). The tracee is still alive; it needs to be B<PTRACE_CONT>ed or B<PTRACE_DETACH>ed to finish exiting."
8224 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1334
8226 msgid "B<PTRACE_EVENT_STOP>"
8227 msgstr "B<PTRACE_EVENT_STOP>"
8230 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1346
8231 msgid "Stop induced by B<PTRACE_INTERRUPT> command, or group-stop, or initial ptrace-stop when a new child is attached (only if attached using B<PTRACE_SEIZE>), or B<PTRACE_EVENT_STOP> if B<PTRACE_SEIZE> was used."
8235 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1346
8237 msgid "B<PTRACE_EVENT_SECCOMP>"
8238 msgstr "B<PTRACE_EVENT_SECCOMP>"
8241 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1357
8242 msgid "Stop triggered by a B<seccomp>(2) rule on tracee syscall entry when B<PTRACE_O_TRACESECCOMP> has been set by the tracer. The seccomp event message data (from the B<SECCOMP_RET_DATA> portion of the seccomp filter rule) can be retrieved with B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG>."
8246 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1369
8247 msgid "B<PTRACE_GETSIGINFO> on B<PTRACE_EVENT> stops returns B<SIGTRAP> in I<si_signo>, with I<si_code> set to I<(eventE<lt>E<lt>8)\\ |\\ SIGTRAP>."
8251 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1369
8253 msgid "Syscall-stops"
8257 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1382
8258 msgid "If the tracee was restarted by B<PTRACE_SYSCALL>, the tracee enters syscall-enter-stop just prior to entering any system call. If the tracer restarts the tracee with B<PTRACE_SYSCALL>, the tracee enters syscall-exit-stop when the system call is finished, or if it is interrupted by a signal. (That is, signal-delivery-stop never happens between syscall-enter-stop and syscall-exit-stop; it happens I<after> syscall-exit-stop.)"
8262 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1396
8263 msgid "Other possibilities are that the tracee may stop in a B<PTRACE_EVENT> stop, exit (if it entered B<_exit>(2) or B<exit_group>(2)), be killed by B<SIGKILL>, or die silently (if it is a thread group leader, the B<execve>(2) happened in another thread, and that thread is not traced by the same tracer; this situation is discussed later)."
8267 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1411
8268 msgid "Syscall-enter-stop and syscall-exit-stop are observed by the tracer as B<waitpid>(2) returning with I<WIFSTOPPED(status)> true, and I<WSTOPSIG(status)> giving B<SIGTRAP>. If the B<PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD> option was set by the tracer, then I<WSTOPSIG(status)> will give the value I<(SIGTRAP\\ |\\ 0x80)>."
8272 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1417
8273 msgid "Syscall-stops can be distinguished from signal-delivery-stop with B<SIGTRAP> by querying B<PTRACE_GETSIGINFO> for the following cases:"
8277 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1417
8279 msgid "I<si_code> E<lt>= 0"
8283 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1429
8284 msgid "B<SIGTRAP> was delivered as a result of a user-space action, for example, a system call (B<tgkill>(2), B<kill>(2), B<sigqueue>(3), etc.), expiration of a POSIX timer, change of state on a POSIX message queue, or completion of an asynchronous I/O request."
8288 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1429
8290 msgid "I<si_code> == SI_KERNEL (0x80)"
8294 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1433
8295 msgid "B<SIGTRAP> was sent by the kernel."
8299 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1433
8301 msgid "I<si_code> == SIGTRAP or I<si_code> == (SIGTRAP|0x80)"
8305 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1436
8306 msgid "This is a syscall-stop."
8310 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1441
8311 msgid "However, syscall-stops happen very often (twice per system call), and performing B<PTRACE_GETSIGINFO> for every syscall-stop may be somewhat expensive."
8315 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1464
8316 msgid "Some architectures allow the cases to be distinguished by examining registers. For example, on x86, I<rax> == -B<ENOSYS> in syscall-enter-stop. Since B<SIGTRAP> (like any other signal) always happens I<after> syscall-exit-stop, and at this point I<rax> almost never contains -B<ENOSYS>, the B<SIGTRAP> looks like \"syscall-stop which is not syscall-enter-stop\"; in other words, it looks like a \"stray syscall-exit-stop\" and can be detected this way. But such detection is fragile and is best avoided."
8320 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1470
8321 msgid "Using the B<PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD> option is the recommended method to distinguish syscall-stops from other kinds of ptrace-stops, since it is reliable and does not incur a performance penalty."
8325 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1481
8326 msgid "Syscall-enter-stop and syscall-exit-stop are indistinguishable from each other by the tracer. The tracer needs to keep track of the sequence of ptrace-stops in order to not misinterpret syscall-enter-stop as syscall-exit-stop or vice versa. The rule is that syscall-enter-stop is always followed by syscall-exit-stop, B<PTRACE_EVENT> stop or the tracee's death; no other kinds of ptrace-stop can occur in between."
8330 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1486
8331 msgid "If after syscall-enter-stop, the tracer uses a restarting command other than B<PTRACE_SYSCALL>, syscall-exit-stop is not generated."
8335 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1498
8336 msgid "B<PTRACE_GETSIGINFO> on syscall-stops returns B<SIGTRAP> in I<si_signo>, with I<si_code> set to B<SIGTRAP> or I<(SIGTRAP|0x80)>."
8340 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1498
8342 msgid "PTRACE_SINGLESTEP, PTRACE_SYSEMU, PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP stops"
8347 #. document stops occurring with PTRACE_SINGLESTEP, PTRACE_SYSEMU,
8348 #. PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP
8350 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1504
8351 msgid "[Details of these kinds of stops are yet to be documented.]"
8355 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1504
8357 msgid "Informational and restarting ptrace commands"
8361 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1514
8362 msgid "Most ptrace commands (all except B<PTRACE_ATTACH>, B<PTRACE_SEIZE>, B<PTRACE_TRACEME>, B<PTRACE_INTERRUPT>, and B<PTRACE_KILL>) require the tracee to be in a ptrace-stop, otherwise they fail with B<ESRCH>."
8366 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1519
8367 msgid "When the tracee is in ptrace-stop, the tracer can read and write data to the tracee using informational commands. These commands leave the tracee in ptrace-stopped state:"
8371 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1531
8374 " ptrace(PTRACE_PEEKTEXT/PEEKDATA/PEEKUSER, pid, addr, 0);\n"
8375 " ptrace(PTRACE_POKETEXT/POKEDATA/POKEUSER, pid, addr, long_val);\n"
8376 " ptrace(PTRACE_GETREGS/GETFPREGS, pid, 0, &struct);\n"
8377 " ptrace(PTRACE_SETREGS/SETFPREGS, pid, 0, &struct);\n"
8378 " ptrace(PTRACE_GETREGSET, pid, NT_foo, &iov);\n"
8379 " ptrace(PTRACE_SETREGSET, pid, NT_foo, &iov);\n"
8380 " ptrace(PTRACE_GETSIGINFO, pid, 0, &siginfo);\n"
8381 " ptrace(PTRACE_SETSIGINFO, pid, 0, &siginfo);\n"
8382 " ptrace(PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG, pid, 0, &long_var);\n"
8383 " ptrace(PTRACE_SETOPTIONS, pid, 0, PTRACE_O_flags);\n"
8387 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1543
8388 msgid "Note that some errors are not reported. For example, setting signal information (I<siginfo>) may have no effect in some ptrace-stops, yet the call may succeed (return 0 and not set I<errno>); querying B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG> may succeed and return some random value if current ptrace-stop is not documented as returning a meaningful event message."
8392 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1545
8397 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1547
8399 msgid " ptrace(PTRACE_SETOPTIONS, pid, 0, PTRACE_O_flags);\n"
8403 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1556
8404 msgid "affects one tracee. The tracee's current flags are replaced. Flags are inherited by new tracees created and \"auto-attached\" via active B<PTRACE_O_TRACEFORK>, B<PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORK>, or B<PTRACE_O_TRACECLONE> options."
8408 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1559
8409 msgid "Another group of commands makes the ptrace-stopped tracee run. They have the form:"
8413 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1561
8415 msgid " ptrace(cmd, pid, 0, sig);\n"
8419 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1582
8420 msgid "where I<cmd> is B<PTRACE_CONT>, B<PTRACE_LISTEN>, B<PTRACE_DETACH>, B<PTRACE_SYSCALL>, B<PTRACE_SINGLESTEP>, B<PTRACE_SYSEMU>, or B<PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP>. If the tracee is in signal-delivery-stop, I<sig> is the signal to be injected (if it is nonzero). Otherwise, I<sig> may be ignored. (When restarting a tracee from a ptrace-stop other than signal-delivery-stop, recommended practice is to always pass 0 in I<sig>.)"
8424 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1582
8426 msgid "Attaching and detaching"
8430 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1584
8431 msgid "A thread can be attached to the tracer using the call"
8435 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1586
8437 msgid " ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, pid, 0, 0);\n"
8441 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1588 build/C/man2/ptrace.2:2090
8446 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1590
8448 msgid " ptrace(PTRACE_SEIZE, pid, 0, PTRACE_O_flags);\n"
8452 #. FIXME . Describe how to attach to a thread which is already group-stopped.
8454 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1614
8455 msgid "B<PTRACE_ATTACH> sends B<SIGSTOP> to this thread. If the tracer wants this B<SIGSTOP> to have no effect, it needs to suppress it. Note that if other signals are concurrently sent to this thread during attach, the tracer may see the tracee enter signal-delivery-stop with other signal(s) first! The usual practice is to reinject these signals until B<SIGSTOP> is seen, then suppress B<SIGSTOP> injection. The design bug here is that a ptrace attach and a concurrently delivered B<SIGSTOP> may race and the concurrent B<SIGSTOP> may be lost."
8459 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1621
8460 msgid "Since attaching sends B<SIGSTOP> and the tracer usually suppresses it, this may cause a stray B<EINTR> return from the currently executing system call in the tracee, as described in the \"Signal injection and suppression\" section."
8464 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1633
8465 msgid "Since Linux 3.4, B<PTRACE_SEIZE> can be used instead of B<PTRACE_ATTACH>. B<PTRACE_SEIZE> does not stop the attached process. If you need to stop it after attach (or at any other time) without sending it any signals, use B<PTRACE_INTERRUPT> command."
8469 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1635
8474 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1637
8476 msgid " ptrace(PTRACE_TRACEME, 0, 0, 0);\n"
8480 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1643
8481 msgid "turns the calling thread into a tracee. The thread continues to run (doesn't enter ptrace-stop). A common practice is to follow the B<PTRACE_TRACEME> with"
8485 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1645
8487 msgid " raise(SIGSTOP);\n"
8491 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1648
8492 msgid "and allow the parent (which is our tracer now) to observe our signal-delivery-stop."
8496 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1672
8497 msgid "If the B<PTRACE_O_TRACEFORK>, B<PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORK>, or B<PTRACE_O_TRACECLONE> options are in effect, then children created by, respectively, B<vfork>(2) or B<clone>(2) with the B<CLONE_VFORK> flag, B<fork>(2) or B<clone>(2) with the exit signal set to B<SIGCHLD>, and other kinds of B<clone>(2), are automatically attached to the same tracer which traced their parent. B<SIGSTOP> is delivered to the children, causing them to enter signal-delivery-stop after they exit the system call which created them."
8501 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1674
8502 msgid "Detaching of the tracee is performed by:"
8506 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1676
8508 msgid " ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, pid, 0, sig);\n"
8512 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1684
8513 msgid "B<PTRACE_DETACH> is a restarting operation; therefore it requires the tracee to be in ptrace-stop. If the tracee is in signal-delivery-stop, a signal can be injected. Otherwise, the I<sig> parameter may be silently ignored."
8516 #. FIXME . Describe how to detach from a group-stopped tracee so that it
8517 #. doesn't run, but continues to wait for SIGCONT.
8519 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1708
8520 msgid "If the tracee is running when the tracer wants to detach it, the usual solution is to send B<SIGSTOP> (using B<tgkill>(2), to make sure it goes to the correct thread), wait for the tracee to stop in signal-delivery-stop for B<SIGSTOP> and then detach it (suppressing B<SIGSTOP> injection). A design bug is that this can race with concurrent B<SIGSTOP>s. Another complication is that the tracee may enter other ptrace-stops and needs to be restarted and waited for again, until B<SIGSTOP> is seen. Yet another complication is to be sure that the tracee is not already ptrace-stopped, because no signal delivery happens while it is\\(emnot even B<SIGSTOP>."
8524 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1716
8525 msgid "If the tracer dies, all tracees are automatically detached and restarted, unless they were in group-stop. Handling of restart from group-stop is currently buggy, but the \"as planned\" behavior is to leave tracee stopped and waiting for B<SIGCONT>. If the tracee is restarted from signal-delivery-stop, the pending signal is injected."
8529 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1716
8531 msgid "execve(2) under ptrace"
8535 #. clone(2) CLONE_THREAD says:
8536 #. If any of the threads in a thread group performs an execve(2),
8537 #. then all threads other than the thread group leader are terminated,
8538 #. and the new program is executed in the thread group leader.
8539 #. In kernel 3.1 sources, see fs/exec.c::de_thread()
8541 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1735
8542 msgid "When one thread in a multithreaded process calls B<execve>(2), the kernel destroys all other threads in the process, and resets the thread ID of the execing thread to the thread group ID (process ID). (Or, to put things another way, when a multithreaded process does an B<execve>(2), at completion of the call, it appears as though the B<execve>(2) occurred in the thread group leader, regardless of which thread did the B<execve>(2).) This resetting of the thread ID looks very confusing to tracers:"
8546 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1745
8547 msgid "All other threads stop in B<PTRACE_EVENT_EXIT> stop, if the B<PTRACE_O_TRACEEXIT> option was turned on. Then all other threads except the thread group leader report death as if they exited via B<_exit>(2) with exit code 0."
8551 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1753
8552 msgid "The execing tracee changes its thread ID while it is in the B<execve>(2). (Remember, under ptrace, the \"pid\" returned from B<waitpid>(2), or fed into ptrace calls, is the tracee's thread ID.) That is, the tracee's thread ID is reset to be the same as its process ID, which is the same as the thread group leader's thread ID."
8556 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1759
8557 msgid "Then a B<PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC> stop happens, if the B<PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC> option was turned on."
8561 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1780
8562 msgid "If the thread group leader has reported its B<PTRACE_EVENT_EXIT> stop by this time, it appears to the tracer that the dead thread leader \"reappears from nowhere\". (Note: the thread group leader does not report death via I<WIFEXITED(status)> until there is at least one other live thread. This eliminates the possibility that the tracer will see it dying and then reappearing.) If the thread group leader was still alive, for the tracer this may look as if thread group leader returns from a different system call than it entered, or even \"returned from a system call even though it was not in any system call\". If the thread group leader was not traced (or was traced by a different tracer), then during B<execve>(2) it will appear as if it has become a tracee of the tracer of the execing tracee."
8566 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1783
8567 msgid "All of the above effects are the artifacts of the thread ID change in the tracee."
8571 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1803
8572 msgid "The B<PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC> option is the recommended tool for dealing with this situation. First, it enables B<PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC> stop, which occurs before B<execve>(2) returns. In this stop, the tracer can use B<PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG> to retrieve the tracee's former thread ID. (This feature was introduced in Linux 3.0). Second, the B<PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC> option disables legacy B<SIGTRAP> generation on B<execve>(2)."
8576 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1809
8577 msgid "When the tracer receives B<PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC> stop notification, it is guaranteed that except this tracee and the thread group leader, no other threads from the process are alive."
8581 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1817
8582 msgid "On receiving the B<PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC> stop notification, the tracer should clean up all its internal data structures describing the threads of this process, and retain only one data structure\\(emone which describes the single still running tracee, with"
8586 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1819
8588 msgid " thread ID == thread group ID == process ID.\n"
8592 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1823
8593 msgid "Example: two threads call B<execve>(2) at the same time:"
8597 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1834
8600 "*** we get syscall-enter-stop in thread 1: **\n"
8601 "PID1 execve(\"/bin/foo\", \"foo\" E<lt>unfinished ...E<gt>\n"
8602 "*** we issue PTRACE_SYSCALL for thread 1 **\n"
8603 "*** we get syscall-enter-stop in thread 2: **\n"
8604 "PID2 execve(\"/bin/bar\", \"bar\" E<lt>unfinished ...E<gt>\n"
8605 "*** we issue PTRACE_SYSCALL for thread 2 **\n"
8606 "*** we get PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC for PID0, we issue PTRACE_SYSCALL **\n"
8607 "*** we get syscall-exit-stop for PID0: **\n"
8608 "PID0 E<lt>... execve resumedE<gt> ) = 0\n"
8612 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1857
8613 msgid "If the B<PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC> option is I<not> in effect for the execing tracee, the kernel delivers an extra B<SIGTRAP> to the tracee after B<execve>(2) returns. This is an ordinary signal (similar to one which can be generated by I<kill -TRAP>), not a special kind of ptrace-stop. Employing B<PTRACE_GETSIGINFO> for this signal returns I<si_code> set to 0 (I<SI_USER>). This signal may be blocked by signal mask, and thus may be delivered (much) later."
8617 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1876
8618 msgid "Usually, the tracer (for example, B<strace>(1)) would not want to show this extra post-execve B<SIGTRAP> signal to the user, and would suppress its delivery to the tracee (if B<SIGTRAP> is set to B<SIG_DFL>, it is a killing signal). However, determining I<which> B<SIGTRAP> to suppress is not easy. Setting the B<PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC> option and thus suppressing this extra B<SIGTRAP> is the recommended approach."
8622 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1876
8628 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1883
8629 msgid "The ptrace API (ab)uses the standard UNIX parent/child signaling over B<waitpid>(2). This used to cause the real parent of the process to stop receiving several kinds of B<waitpid>(2) notifications when the child process is traced by some other process."
8633 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1886
8634 msgid "Many of these bugs have been fixed, but as of Linux 2.6.38 several still exist; see BUGS below."
8638 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1888
8639 msgid "As of Linux 2.6.38, the following is believed to work correctly:"
8643 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1896
8644 msgid "exit/death by signal is reported first to the tracer, then, when the tracer consumes the B<waitpid>(2) result, to the real parent (to the real parent only when the whole multithreaded process exits). If the tracer and the real parent are the same process, the report is sent only once."
8648 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1901
8649 msgid "On success, the B<PTRACE_PEEK*> requests return the requested data (but see NOTES), while other requests return zero."
8653 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1911
8655 #| msgid "On success, B<PTRACE_PEEK*> requests return the requested data, while other requests return zero. On error, all requests return -1, and I<errno> is set appropriately. Since the value returned by a successful B<PTRACE_PEEK*> request may be -1, the caller must check I<errno> after such requests to determine whether or not an error occurred."
8656 msgid "On error, all requests return -1, and I<errno> is set appropriately. Since the value returned by a successful B<PTRACE_PEEK*> request may be -1, the caller must clear I<errno> before the call, and then check it afterward to determine whether or not an error occurred."
8657 msgstr "成功すると、 B<PTRACE_PEEK*> の場合は要求したデータを返し、 それ以外の場合は 0 を返す。 エラーの場合は -1 を返し、 I<errno> が適切に設定される。 B<PTRACE_PEEK*> が成功して返す値も -1 になることがあるため、 そのような要求の場合には、呼び出し元は I<errno> を調べ、エラーか発生したのかどうかを判断しなければならない。"
8660 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1915
8661 msgid "(i386 only) There was an error with allocating or freeing a debug register."
8662 msgstr "(i386 のみ) デバッグレジスタの確保または解放でエラーが発生した。"
8665 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1926
8667 #| msgid "There was an attempt to read from or write to an invalid area in the parent's or child's memory, probably because the area wasn't mapped or accessible. Unfortunately, under Linux, different variations of this fault will return B<EIO> or B<EFAULT> more or less arbitrarily."
8668 msgid "There was an attempt to read from or write to an invalid area in the tracer's or the tracee's memory, probably because the area wasn't mapped or accessible. Unfortunately, under Linux, different variations of this fault will return B<EIO> or B<EFAULT> more or less arbitrarily."
8669 msgstr "親プロセスまたは子プロセスのメモリの不正な領域に読み書きしようとした。 おそらくその領域がマッピングされていないか、 その領域へのアクセスが許されていないかである。 不運なことに、Linux ではこのようなエラーの場合、多かれ少なかれ 恣意的に B<EIO> を返したり B<EFAULT> を返したりすることがある。"
8672 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1929
8673 msgid "An attempt was made to set an invalid option."
8674 msgstr "不正なオプションを設定しようとした。"
8677 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1936
8679 #| msgid "I<request> is invalid, or an attempt was made to read from or write to an invalid area in the parent's or child's memory, or there was a word-alignment violation, or an invalid signal was specified during a restart request."
8680 msgid "I<request> is invalid, or an attempt was made to read from or write to an invalid area in the tracer's or the tracee's memory, or there was a word-alignment violation, or an invalid signal was specified during a restart request."
8681 msgstr "I<request> が不正である。 または、親プロセスまたは子プロセスのメモリの 不正な領域に読み書きしようとした。 または、ワード境界違反があった。 または、実行再開の要求で不正なシグナルを指定した。"
8684 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1949
8686 #| msgid "The specified process cannot be traced. This could be because the parent has insufficient privileges (the required capability is B<CAP_SYS_PTRACE>); unprivileged processes cannot trace processes that they cannot send signals to or those running set-user-ID/set-group-ID programs, for obvious reasons. Alternatively, the process may already be being traced, or be B<init>(8) (PID 1)."
8687 msgid "The specified process cannot be traced. This could be because the tracer has insufficient privileges (the required capability is B<CAP_SYS_PTRACE>); unprivileged processes cannot trace processes that they cannot send signals to or those running set-user-ID/set-group-ID programs, for obvious reasons. Alternatively, the process may already be being traced, or (on kernels before 2.6.26) be B<init>(1) (PID 1)."
8688 msgstr "指定したプロセスをトレースすることができない。これは親プロセスが 必要な権限 (必要なケーパビリティは B<CAP_SYS_PTRACE>) を持っていないことが原因の場合がある。 分かりやすい理由を挙げるなら、 非特権プロセスはシグナルを送ることができないプロセスをトレースできないし、 set-user-ID/set-group-ID プログラムを実行しているプロセスはトレースできない。 または、プロセスはすでにトレース中である、 または B<init>(8) プロセス (PID が 1) である。"
8691 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1954
8693 #| msgid "The specified process does not exist, or is not currently being traced by the caller, or is not stopped (for requests that require that)."
8694 msgid "The specified process does not exist, or is not currently being traced by the caller, or is not stopped (for requests that require a stopped tracee)."
8695 msgstr "指定したプロセスが存在しない。 または、指定したプロセスは呼び出したプロセスが 現在トレース中の子プロセスではない。 または、指定したプロセスが停止していない (停止していることが必要な要求の場合)。"
8698 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1956
8699 msgid "SVr4, 4.3BSD."
8700 msgstr "SVr4, 4.3BSD."
8703 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1971
8705 #| msgid "Although arguments to B<ptrace>() are interpreted according to the prototype given, glibc currently declares B<ptrace>() as a variadic function with only the I<request> argument fixed. This means that unneeded trailing arguments may be omitted, though doing so makes use of undocumented B<gcc>(1) behavior."
8706 msgid "Although arguments to B<ptrace>() are interpreted according to the prototype given, glibc currently declares B<ptrace>() as a variadic function with only the I<request> argument fixed. It is recommended to always supply four arguments, even if the requested operation does not use them, setting unused/ignored arguments to I<0L> or I<(void\\ *)\\ 0>."
8707 msgstr "B<ptrace>() の引き数は上のようなプロトタイプに基づいて解釈されるが、 glibc では、現在のところ B<ptrace>() は I<request> 引き数だけが固定の可変長引き数関数として 宣言されている。 これは必要なければ残りの引き数は省略可能であることを意味するが、 それは B<gcc>(1) の明文化されていない動作を利用していることになる。"
8709 #. See commit 00cd5c37afd5f431ac186dd131705048c0a11fdb
8711 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1976
8712 msgid "In Linux kernels before 2.6.26, B<init>(1), the process with PID 1, may not be traced."
8713 msgstr "バージョン 2.6.26 より前の Linux カーネルでは、 B<init>(1) すなわち PID が 1 のプロセスはトレースすることができない。"
8715 #. See http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/5/8/375
8717 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1983
8718 msgid "The layout of the contents of memory and the USER area are quite operating-system- and architecture-specific. The offset supplied, and the data returned, might not entirely match with the definition of I<struct user>."
8719 msgstr "メモリや USER 領域の内容や配置はオペレーティングシステムごと、アーキテクチャごとに 非常に依存する。 オフセットが指定された場合、返されるデータは I<struct user> の定義と完全に一致しないこともありえる。"
8722 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1986
8723 msgid "The size of a \"word\" is determined by the operating-system variant (e.g., for 32-bit Linux it is 32 bits)."
8724 msgstr "「ワード (word) 」の大きさはオペレーティングシステムによって決まる。 (例えば、32 ビットの Linux では 32 ビットである、など。)"
8727 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1994
8728 msgid "This page documents the way the B<ptrace>() call works currently in Linux. Its behavior differs significantly on other flavors of UNIX. In any case, use of B<ptrace>() is highly specific to the operating system and architecture."
8729 msgstr "このマニュアルは現在の Linux における B<ptrace>() コールの動作について記述している。他の UNIX では その動作は著しく異なる。 いかなる場合も B<ptrace>() を使うとオペレーションシステムやアーキテクチャに非常に依存したものになる。"
8732 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:1994
8734 msgid "C library/kernel ABI differences"
8735 msgstr "C ライブラリとカーネル ABI の違い"
8738 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:2006
8739 msgid "At the system call level, the B<PTRACE_PEEKTEXT>, B<PTRACE_PEEKDATA>, and B<PTRACE_PEEKUSER> requests have a different API: they store the result at the address specified by the I<data> parameter, and the return value is the error flag. The glibc wrapper function provides the API given in DESCRIPTION above, with the result being returned via the function return value."
8743 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:2017
8744 msgid "On hosts with 2.6 kernel headers, B<PTRACE_SETOPTIONS> is declared with a different value than the one for 2.4. This leads to applications compiled with 2.6 kernel headers failing when run on 2.4 kernels. This can be worked around by redefining B<PTRACE_SETOPTIONS> to B<PTRACE_OLDSETOPTIONS>, if that is defined."
8745 msgstr "カーネル 2.6 のヘッダがインストールされたホストでは、 B<PTRACE_SETOPTIONS> はカーネル 2.4 のヘッダとは異なる値で宣言される。 このため、カーネル 2.6 のヘッダでコンパイルされたアプリケーションは カーネル 2.4 では正しく動作しない。 この問題は、 B<PTRACE_SETOPTIONS> が定義されていた際は、 B<PTRACE_SETOPTIONS> を B<PTRACE_OLDSETOPTIONS> に定義し直すことで対処できる。"
8748 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:2020
8749 msgid "Group-stop notifications are sent to the tracer, but not to real parent. Last confirmed on 2.6.38.6."
8752 #. Note from Denys Vlasenko:
8753 #. Here "exits" means any kind of death - _exit, exit_group,
8754 #. signal death. Signal death and exit_group cases are trivial,
8755 #. though: since signal death and exit_group kill all other threads
8756 #. too, "until all other threads exit" thing happens rather soon
8757 #. in these cases. Therefore, only _exit presents observably
8758 #. puzzling behavior to ptrace users: thread leader _exit's,
8759 #. but WIFEXITED isn't reported! We are trying to explain here
8761 #. FIXME . need to test/verify this scenario
8763 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:2051
8764 msgid "If a thread group leader is traced and exits by calling B<_exit>(2), a B<PTRACE_EVENT_EXIT> stop will happen for it (if requested), but the subsequent B<WIFEXITED> notification will not be delivered until all other threads exit. As explained above, if one of other threads calls B<execve>(2), the death of the thread group leader will I<never> be reported. If the execed thread is not traced by this tracer, the tracer will never know that B<execve>(2) happened. One possible workaround is to B<PTRACE_DETACH> the thread group leader instead of restarting it in this case. Last confirmed on 2.6.38.6."
8768 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:2061
8769 msgid "A B<SIGKILL> signal may still cause a B<PTRACE_EVENT_EXIT> stop before actual signal death. This may be changed in the future; B<SIGKILL> is meant to always immediately kill tasks even under ptrace. Last confirmed on 2.6.38.6."
8773 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:2079
8774 msgid "Some system calls return with B<EINTR> if a signal was sent to a tracee, but delivery was suppressed by the tracer. (This is very typical operation: it is usually done by debuggers on every attach, in order to not introduce a bogus B<SIGSTOP>). As of Linux 3.2.9, the following system calls are affected (this list is likely incomplete): B<epoll_wait>(2), and B<read>(2) from an B<inotify>(7) file descriptor. The usual symptom of this bug is that when you attach to a quiescent process with the command"
8778 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:2081
8780 msgid " strace -p E<lt>process-IDE<gt>\n"
8784 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:2084
8785 msgid "then, instead of the usual and expected one-line output such as"
8789 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:2087
8791 msgid " restart_syscall(E<lt>... resuming interrupted call ...E<gt>_\n"
8795 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:2093
8797 msgid " select(6, [5], NULL, [5], NULL_\n"
8801 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:2097
8802 msgid "('_' denotes the cursor position), you observe more than one line. For example:"
8806 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:2101
8809 " clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, {15370, 690928118}) = 0\n"
8814 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:2122
8815 msgid "What is not visible here is that the process was blocked in B<epoll_wait>(2) before B<strace>(1) has attached to it. Attaching caused B<epoll_wait>(2) to return to user space with the error B<EINTR>. In this particular case, the program reacted to B<EINTR> by checking the current time, and then executing B<epoll_wait>(2) again. (Programs which do not expect such \"stray\" B<EINTR> errors may behave in an unintended way upon an B<strace>(1) attach.)"
8819 #: build/C/man2/ptrace.2:2137
8820 msgid "B<gdb>(1), B<strace>(1), B<clone>(2), B<execve>(2), B<fork>(2), B<gettid>(2), B<seccomp>(2), B<sigaction>(2), B<tgkill>(2), B<vfork>(2), B<waitpid>(2), B<exec>(3), B<capabilities>(7), B<signal>(7)"
8821 msgstr "B<gdb>(1), B<strace>(1), B<clone>(2), B<execve>(2), B<fork>(2), B<gettid>(2), B<seccomp>(2), B<sigaction>(2), B<tgkill>(2), B<vfork>(2), B<waitpid>(2), B<exec>(3), B<capabilities>(7), B<signal>(7)"
8824 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:27
8830 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:27
8836 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:30
8837 msgid "quotactl - manipulate disk quotas"
8838 msgstr "quotactl - ディスク quota を操作する"
8841 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:34
8844 "B<#include E<lt>sys/quota.hE<gt>>\n"
8845 "B<#include E<lt>xfs/xqm.hE<gt>>\n"
8847 "B<#include E<lt>sys/quota.hE<gt>>\n"
8848 "B<#include E<lt>xfs/xqm.hE<gt>>\n"
8851 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:37
8853 msgid "B<int quotactl(int >I<cmd>B<, const char *>I<special>B<, int >I<id>B<, caddr_t >I<addr>B<);>\n"
8854 msgstr "B<int quotactl(int >I<cmd>B<, const char *>I<special>B<, int >I<id>B<, caddr_t >I<addr>B<);>\n"
8857 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:49
8859 #| msgid "The quota system defines for each user and/or group a soft limit and a hard limit bounding the amount of disk space that can be used on a given file system. The hard limit cannot be crossed. The soft limit can be crossed, but warnings will ensue. Moreover, the user cannot be above the soft limit for more than one week (by default) at a time: after this week the soft limit counts as hard limit."
8860 msgid "The quota system can be used to set per-user and per-group limits on the amount of disk space used on a filesystem. For each user and/or group, a soft limit and a hard limit can be set for each filesystem. The hard limit can't be exceeded. The soft limit can be exceeded, but warnings will ensue. Moreover, the user can't exceed the soft limit for more than one week (by default) at a time; after this time, the soft limit counts as a hard limit."
8861 msgstr "quota システムは、各々のユーザ及び/またはグループに対して、 ソフト・リミット及びハード・リミットを定める。これはあるファイル・システムで 使用する事が出来るディスク容量を制限する。 ハード・リミットは超過することは出来ない。 ソフト・リミットは超過する事が出来るが、警告が発せられる。 更に、(デフォルトでは) 一週間以上ソフト・リミットを超過したままに しておく事はできない: 一週間経過した後はハード・リミットを超過したと みなされる。"
8864 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:74
8866 #| msgid "The B<quotactl>() system call manipulates these quota. Its first argument is of the form B<QCMD(>I<subcmd>B<,>I<type>B<)> where I<type> is either B<USRQUOTA> or B<GRPQUOTA> (for user quota and group quota, respectively), and I<subcmd> is described below."
8867 msgid "The B<quotactl>() call manipulates disk quotas. The I<cmd> argument indicates a command to be applied to the user or group ID specified in I<id>. To initialize the I<cmd> argument, use the I<QCMD(subcmd, type)> macro. The I<type> value is either B<USRQUOTA>, for user quotas, or B<GRPQUOTA>, for group quotas. The I<subcmd> value is described below."
8868 msgstr "B<quotactl>() システムコールはこれらの quota に対する操作を行なう。 最初の引き数は B<QCMD(>I<subcmd>B<,>I<type>B<)> という形式である。 I<type> には、ユーザー quota については B<USRQUOTA> を、グループ quota については B<GRPQUOTA> を指定する。 I<subcmd> は以下で説明する。"
8871 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:79
8872 msgid "The I<special> argument is a pointer to a null-terminated string containing the pathname of the (mounted) block special device for the filesystem being manipulated."
8876 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:87
8877 msgid "The I<addr> argument is the address of an optional, command-specific, data structure that is copied in or out of the system. The interpretation of I<addr> is given with each command below."
8881 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:91
8882 msgid "The I<subcmd> value is one of the following:"
8883 msgstr "I<subcmd> の値は以下のいずれかである"
8886 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:91
8888 msgid "B<Q_QUOTAON>"
8889 msgstr "B<Q_QUOTAON>"
8892 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:98
8893 msgid "Turn on quotas for a filesystem. The I<id> argument is the identification number of the quota format to be used. Currently, there are three supported quota formats:"
8897 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:99
8899 msgid "B<QFMT_VFS_OLD>"
8903 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:102
8904 msgid "The original quota format."
8908 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:102
8910 msgid "B<QFMT_VFS_V0>"
8914 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:106
8915 msgid "The standard VFS v0 quota format, which can handle 32-bit UIDs and GIDs and quota limits up to 2^42 bytes and 2^32 inodes."
8919 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:106
8921 msgid "B<QFMT_VFS_V1>"
8925 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:110
8926 msgid "A quota format that can handle 32-bit UIDs and GIDs and quota limits of 2^64 bytes and 2^64 inodes."
8930 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:121
8931 msgid "The I<addr> argument points to the pathname of a file containing the quotas for the filesystem. The quota file must exist; it is normally created with the B<quotacheck>(8) program. This operation requires privilege (B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN>)."
8935 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:121
8937 msgid "B<Q_QUOTAOFF>"
8938 msgstr "B<Q_QUOTAOFF>"
8941 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:131
8942 msgid "Turn off quotas for a filesystem. The I<addr> and I<id> arguments are ignored. This operation requires privilege (B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN>)."
8946 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:131
8948 msgid "B<Q_GETQUOTA>"
8949 msgstr "B<Q_GETQUOTA>"
8952 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:142
8954 #| msgid "Get limits and current usage of disk space. The I<addr> argument is a pointer to a dqblk structure (defined in I<E<lt>sys/quota.hE<gt>>)."
8955 msgid "Get disk quota limits and current usage for user or group I<id>. The I<addr> argument is a pointer to a I<dqblk> structure defined in I<E<lt>sys/quota.hE<gt>> as follows:"
8956 msgstr "ディスク使用量の制限値と現在の使用量を得る。 I<addr> 引き数は (I<E<lt>sys/quota.hE<gt>> で定義された) dqblk 構造体を指すポインタである。"
8959 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:147 build/C/man2/quotactl.2:234
8962 "/* uint64_t is an unsigned 64-bit integer;\n"
8963 " uint32_t is an unsigned 32-bit integer */\n"
8967 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:167
8970 "struct dqblk { /* Definition since Linux 2.4.22 */\n"
8971 " uint64_t dqb_bhardlimit; /* absolute limit on disk\n"
8972 " quota blocks alloc */\n"
8973 " uint64_t dqb_bsoftlimit; /* preferred limit on\n"
8974 " disk quota blocks */\n"
8975 " uint64_t dqb_curspace; /* current quota block\n"
8977 " uint64_t dqb_ihardlimit; /* maximum number of\n"
8978 " allocated inodes */\n"
8979 " uint64_t dqb_isoftlimit; /* preferred inode limit */\n"
8980 " uint64_t dqb_curinodes; /* current number of\n"
8981 " allocated inodes */\n"
8982 " uint64_t dqb_btime; /* time limit for excessive\n"
8984 " uint64_t dqb_itime; /* time limit for excessive\n"
8986 " uint32_t dqb_valid; /* bit mask of QIF_*\n"
8992 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:170
8995 "/* Flags in dqb_valid that indicate which fields in\n"
8996 " dqblk structure are valid. */\n"
9000 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:181
9003 "#define QIF_BLIMITS 1\n"
9004 "#define QIF_SPACE 2\n"
9005 "#define QIF_ILIMITS 4\n"
9006 "#define QIF_INODES 8\n"
9007 "#define QIF_BTIME 16\n"
9008 "#define QIF_ITIME 32\n"
9009 "#define QIF_LIMITS (QIF_BLIMITS | QIF_ILIMITS)\n"
9010 "#define QIF_USAGE (QIF_SPACE | QIF_INODES)\n"
9011 "#define QIF_TIMES (QIF_BTIME | QIF_ITIME)\n"
9012 "#define QIF_ALL (QIF_LIMITS | QIF_USAGE | QIF_TIMES)\n"
9016 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:198
9017 msgid "The I<dqb_valid> field is a bit mask that is set to indicate the entries in the I<dqblk> structure that are valid. Currently, the kernel fills in all entries of the I<dqblk> structure and marks them as valid in the I<dqb_valid> field. Unprivileged users may retrieve only their own quotas; a privileged user (B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN>) can retrieve the quotas of any user."
9021 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:198
9023 msgid "B<Q_SETQUOTA>"
9024 msgstr "B<Q_SETQUOTA>"
9027 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:218
9028 msgid "Set quota information for user or group I<id>, using the information supplied in the I<dqblk> structure pointed to by I<addr>. The I<dqb_valid> field of the I<dqblk> structure indicates which entries in the structure have been set by the caller. This operation supersedes the B<Q_SETQLIM> and B<Q_SETUSE> operations in the previous quota interfaces. This operation requires privilege (B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN>)."
9032 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:218
9034 msgid "B<Q_GETINFO>"
9035 msgstr "B<Q_GETINFO>"
9038 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:229
9040 #| msgid "Get limits and current usage of disk space. The I<addr> argument is a pointer to a dqblk structure (defined in I<E<lt>sys/quota.hE<gt>>)."
9041 msgid "Get information (like grace times) about quotafile. The I<addr> argument should be a pointer to a I<dqinfo> structure. This structure is defined in I<E<lt>sys/quota.hE<gt>> as follows:"
9042 msgstr "ディスク使用量の制限値と現在の使用量を得る。 I<addr> 引き数は (I<E<lt>sys/quota.hE<gt>> で定義された) dqblk 構造体を指すポインタである。"
9045 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:238
9048 "struct dqinfo { /* Defined since kernel 2.4.22 */\n"
9049 " uint64_t dqi_bgrace; /* Time before block soft limit\n"
9050 " becomes hard limit */\n"
9052 "struct dqinfo { /* Defined since kernel 2.4.22 */\n"
9053 " uint64_t dqi_bgrace; /* Time before block soft limit\n"
9054 " becomes hard limit */\n"
9057 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:245
9060 " uint64_t dqi_igrace; /* Time before inode soft limit\n"
9061 " becomes hard limit */\n"
9062 " uint32_t dqi_flags; /* Flags for quotafile\n"
9064 " uint32_t dqi_valid;\n"
9067 " uint64_t dqi_igrace; /* Time before inode soft limit\n"
9068 " becomes hard limit */\n"
9069 " uint32_t dqi_flags; /* Flags for quotafile\n"
9071 " uint32_t dqi_valid;\n"
9075 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:247
9077 msgid "/* Bits for dqi_flags */\n"
9078 msgstr "/* Bits for dqi_flags */\n"
9081 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:249
9083 msgid "/* Quota format QFMT_VFS_OLD */\n"
9084 msgstr "/* Quota format QFMT_VFS_OLD */\n"
9087 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:251
9089 msgid "#define V1_DQF_RSQUASH\t1 /* Root squash enabled */\n"
9090 msgstr "#define V1_DQF_RSQUASH\t1 /* Root squash enabled */\n"
9093 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:253
9095 msgid "/* Other quota formats have no dqi_flags bits defined */\n"
9096 msgstr "/* Other quota formats have no dqi_flags bits defined */\n"
9099 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:256
9102 "/* Flags in dqi_valid that indicate which fields in\n"
9103 " dqinfo structure are valid. */\n"
9105 "/* Flags in dqi_valid that indicate which fields in\n"
9106 " dqinfo structure are valid. */\n"
9109 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:261
9112 "# define IIF_BGRACE\t1\n"
9113 "# define IIF_IGRACE\t2\n"
9114 "# define IIF_FLAGS\t4\n"
9115 "# define IIF_ALL (IIF_BGRACE | IIF_IGRACE | IIF_FLAGS)\n"
9117 "# define IIF_BGRACE\t1\n"
9118 "# define IIF_IGRACE\t2\n"
9119 "# define IIF_FLAGS\t4\n"
9120 "# define IIF_ALL (IIF_BGRACE | IIF_IGRACE | IIF_FLAGS)\n"
9123 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:277
9124 msgid "The I<dqi_valid> field in the I<dqinfo> structure indicates the entries in the structure that are valid. Currently, the kernel fills in all entries of the I<dqinfo> structure and marks them all as valid in the I<dqi_valid> field. The I<id> argument is ignored."
9128 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:277
9130 msgid "B<Q_SETINFO>"
9131 msgstr "B<Q_SETINFO>"
9134 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:301
9135 msgid "Set information about quotafile. The I<addr> argument should be a pointer to a I<dqinfo> structure. The I<dqi_valid> field of the I<dqinfo> structure indicates the entries in the structure that have been set by the caller. This operation supersedes the B<Q_SETGRACE> and B<Q_SETFLAGS> operations in the previous quota interfaces. The I<id> argument is ignored. This operation requires privilege (B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN>)."
9139 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:301
9142 msgstr "B<Q_GETFMT>"
9145 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:308
9146 msgid "Get quota format used on the specified filesystem. The I<addr> argument should be a pointer to a 4-byte buffer where the format number will be stored."
9150 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:308
9156 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:319
9157 msgid "Update the on-disk copy of quota usages for a filesystem. If I<special> is NULL, then all filesystems with active quotas are sync'ed. The I<addr> and I<id> arguments are ignored."
9161 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:319
9163 msgid "B<Q_GETSTATS>"
9164 msgstr "B<Q_GETSTATS>"
9166 #. Q_GETSTATS was removed in kernel 2.4.22.
9168 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:339
9169 msgid "Get statistics and other generic information about the quota subsystem. The I<addr> argument should be a pointer to a I<dqstats> structure in which data should be stored. This structure is defined in I<E<lt>sys/quota.hE<gt>>. The I<special> and I<id> arguments are ignored. This operation is obsolete and not supported by recent kernels. Files in I</proc/sys/fs/quota/> carry the information instead."
9173 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:342
9174 msgid "For XFS filesystems making use of the XFS Quota Manager (XQM), the above commands are bypassed and the following commands are used:"
9178 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:342
9180 msgid "B<Q_XQUOTAON>"
9181 msgstr "B<Q_XQUOTAON>"
9184 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:363
9185 msgid "Turn on quotas for an XFS filesystem. XFS provides the ability to turn on/off quota limit enforcement with quota accounting. Therefore, XFS expects I<addr> to be a pointer to an I<unsigned int> that contains either the flags B<XFS_QUOTA_UDQ_ACCT> and/or B<XFS_QUOTA_UDQ_ENFD> (for user quota), or B<XFS_QUOTA_GDQ_ACCT> and/or B<XFS_QUOTA_GDQ_ENFD> (for group quota), as defined in I<E<lt>xfs/xqm.hE<gt>>. This operation requires privilege (B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN>)."
9189 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:363
9191 msgid "B<Q_XQUOTAOFF>"
9192 msgstr "B<Q_XQUOTAOFF>"
9195 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:374
9196 msgid "Turn off quotas for an XFS filesystem. As with B<Q_QUOTAON>, XFS filesystems expect a pointer to an I<unsigned int> that specifies whether quota accounting and/or limit enforcement need to be turned off. This operation requires privilege (B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN>)."
9200 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:374
9202 msgid "B<Q_XGETQUOTA>"
9203 msgstr "B<Q_XGETQUOTA>"
9206 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:388
9207 msgid "Get disk quota limits and current usage for user I<id>. The I<addr> argument is a pointer to an I<fs_disk_quota> structure (defined in I<E<lt>xfs/xqm.hE<gt>>). Unprivileged users may retrieve only their own quotas; a privileged user (B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN>) may retrieve the quotas of any user."
9211 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:388
9213 msgid "B<Q_XSETQLIM>"
9214 msgstr "B<Q_XSETQLIM>"
9217 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:400
9218 msgid "Set disk quota limits for user I<id>. The I<addr> argument is a pointer to an I<fs_disk_quota> structure (defined in I<E<lt>xfs/xqm.hE<gt>>). This operation requires privilege (B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN>)."
9222 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:400
9224 msgid "B<Q_XGETQSTAT>"
9225 msgstr "B<Q_XGETQSTAT>"
9228 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:408
9229 msgid "Returns an I<fs_quota_stat> structure containing XFS filesystem-specific quota information. This is useful for finding out how much space is used to store quota information, and also to get quotaon/off status of a given local XFS filesystem."
9233 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:408
9235 msgid "B<Q_XQUOTARM>"
9236 msgstr "B<Q_XQUOTARM>"
9239 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:412
9240 msgid "Free the disk space taken by disk quotas. Quotas must have already been turned off."
9244 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:419
9245 msgid "There is no command equivalent to B<Q_SYNC> for XFS since B<sync>(1) writes quota information to disk (in addition to the other filesystem metadata that it writes out)."
9249 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:427
9250 msgid "On success, B<quotactl>() returns 0; on error -1 is returned, and I<errno> is set to indicate the error."
9252 "成功すると、 B<quotactl>() は 0 を返す。\n"
9253 "エラーの場合、-1 を返し、 I<errno> をエラーを示す値に設定する。"
9256 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:434
9257 msgid "I<addr> or I<special> is invalid."
9261 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:440
9262 msgid "I<cmd> or I<type> is invalid."
9266 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:447
9267 msgid "The file specified by I<special> or I<addr> does not exist."
9271 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:452
9272 msgid "The kernel has not been compiled with the B<CONFIG_QUOTA> option."
9276 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:452
9282 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:456
9283 msgid "I<special> is not a block device."
9284 msgstr "I<special> がブロックデバイスではない。"
9287 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:461
9288 msgid "The caller lacked the required privilege (B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN>) for the specified operation."
9292 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:465
9293 msgid "No disk quota is found for the indicated user. Quotas have not been turned on for this filesystem."
9297 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:474
9298 msgid "If I<cmd> is B<Q_SETQUOTA>, B<quotactl>() may also set I<errno> to:"
9302 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:477
9303 msgid "Specified limits are out of range allowed by quota format."
9307 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:486
9308 msgid "If I<cmd> is B<Q_QUOTAON>, B<quotactl>() may also set I<errno> to:"
9312 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:495
9313 msgid "The quota file pointed to by I<addr> exists, but is not a regular file; or, the quota file pointed to by I<addr> exists, but is not on the filesystem pointed to by I<special>."
9317 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:501
9318 msgid "B<Q_QUOTAON> attempted, but another B<Q_QUOTAON> had already been performed."
9322 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:504
9323 msgid "The quota file is corrupted."
9324 msgstr "quota ファイルが壊れている。"
9327 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:507
9328 msgid "Specified quota format was not found."
9332 #: build/C/man2/quotactl.2:512
9333 msgid "B<quota>(1), B<getrlimit>(2), B<quotacheck>(8), B<quotaon>(8)"
9334 msgstr "B<quota>(1), B<getrlimit>(2), B<quotacheck>(8), B<quotaon>(8)"
9337 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:19
9343 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:19
9349 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:22
9350 msgid "sendfile - transfer data between file descriptors"
9351 msgstr "sendfile - ファイル・ディスクリプタ間でデータを転送する"
9354 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:24
9355 msgid "B<#include E<lt>sys/sendfile.hE<gt>>"
9356 msgstr "B<#include E<lt>sys/sendfile.hE<gt>>"
9358 #. The below is too ugly. Comments about glibc versions belong
9359 #. in the notes, not in the header.
9360 #. .B #include <features.h>
9362 #. .B #if (__GLIBC__==2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__>=1) || __GLIBC__>2
9364 #. .B #include <sys/sendfile.h>
9368 #. .B #include <sys/types.h>
9370 #. .B /* No system prototype before glibc 2.1. */
9372 #. .BI "ssize_t sendfile(int" " out_fd" ", int" " in_fd" ", off_t *" #. offset ", size_t" " count" )
9376 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:47
9377 msgid "B<ssize_t sendfile(int>I< out_fd>B<, int>I< in_fd>B<, off_t *>I<offset>B<, size_t>I< count>B<);>"
9378 msgstr "B<ssize_t sendfile(int>I< out_fd>B<, int>I< in_fd>B<, off_t *>I<offset>B<, size_t>I< count>B<);>"
9381 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:57
9382 msgid "B<sendfile>() copies data between one file descriptor and another. Because this copying is done within the kernel, B<sendfile>() is more efficient than the combination of B<read>(2) and B<write>(2), which would require transferring data to and from user space."
9383 msgstr "B<sendfile>() は、あるファイル・ディスクリプタから別の ファイル・ディスクリプタへのデータのコピーを行う。 このコピーはカーネル内で行われるので、 B<sendfile>() は、 B<read>(2) と B<write>(2) を組み合わせるよりも効率がよい。 B<read>(2) や B<write>(2) ではユーザ空間との間でデータの転送が必要となるからである。"
9386 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:62
9387 msgid "I<in_fd> should be a file descriptor opened for reading and I<out_fd> should be a descriptor opened for writing."
9388 msgstr "I<in_fd> は読み込みのためにオープンされたファイル・ディスクリプタ、 I<out_fd> は書き込みのためにオープンされたディスクリプタでなければならない。"
9391 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:83
9392 msgid "If I<offset> is not NULL, then it points to a variable holding the file offset from which B<sendfile>() will start reading data from I<in_fd>. When B<sendfile>() returns, this variable will be set to the offset of the byte following the last byte that was read. If I<offset> is not NULL, then B<sendfile>() does not modify the current file offset of I<in_fd>; otherwise the current file offset is adjusted to reflect the number of bytes read from I<in_fd>."
9393 msgstr "I<offset> が NULL でない場合、 I<offset> は B<sendfile>() が I<in_fd> のどこからデータを読み始めるかを示すファイル・オフセットを保持する変数への ポインタである。 B<sendfile>() は復帰する時、この変数に最後に読み込んだバイトの 次のバイトのオフセットを書き込む。 I<offset> が NULL でない場合、 B<sendfile>() は I<in_fd> のファイル・オフセットの現在値を変更しない。 NULL の場合は、ファイル・オフセットの現在値を I<in_fd> から読み込んだバイト数を反映した位置に調整する。"
9396 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:90
9397 msgid "If I<offset> is NULL, then data will be read from I<in_fd> starting at the current file offset, and the file offset will be updated by the call."
9398 msgstr "I<offset> が NULL の場合、データは I<in_fd> の現在のファイル・オフセットから読み出され、 ファイル・オフセットはこの呼び出しで更新される。"
9401 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:93
9402 msgid "I<count> is the number of bytes to copy between the file descriptors."
9403 msgstr "I<count> は、ファイル・ディスクリプタ間でコピーするバイト数である。"
9406 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:100
9407 msgid "The I<in_fd> argument must correspond to a file which supports B<mmap>(2)-like operations (i.e., it cannot be a socket)."
9409 "I<in_fd> 引き数は B<mmap>(2) 風の操作ができるファイルを指していなければならな\n"
9410 "い (ソケットを指定することはできない)。"
9413 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:108
9414 msgid "In Linux kernels before 2.6.33, I<out_fd> must refer to a socket. Since Linux 2.6.33 it can be any file. If it is a regular file, then B<sendfile>() changes the file offset appropriately."
9416 "2.6.33 より前の Linux カーネルでは I<out_fd> はソケットを参照していなければな\n"
9417 "らない。Linux 2.6.33 以降では、任意のファイルを参照することができる。\n"
9418 "通常のファイルの場合には B<sendfile>() はファイルオフセットを適切に変更する。"
9421 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:115
9422 msgid "If the transfer was successful, the number of bytes written to I<out_fd> is returned. On error, -1 is returned, and I<errno> is set appropriately."
9423 msgstr "転送に成功した場合、 I<out_fd> に書き込まれたバイト数を返す。エラーの場合、-1 を返し、 I<errno> に適切な値を設定する。"
9426 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:121
9427 msgid "Nonblocking I/O has been selected using B<O_NONBLOCK> and the write would block."
9428 msgstr "B<O_NONBLOCK> を用いて非ブロック I/O が選択されたが、書き込みがブロックされた。"
9431 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:125
9432 msgid "The input file was not opened for reading or the output file was not opened for writing."
9433 msgstr "入力ファイルが読み込みのためにオープンされていないか、 出力ファイルが書き込みのためにオープンされていない。"
9436 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:128
9437 msgid "Bad address."
9441 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:134
9442 msgid "Descriptor is not valid or locked, or an B<mmap>(2)-like operation is not available for I<in_fd>."
9443 msgstr "ディスクリプタが有効でないか、ロックされている。もしくは B<mmap>(2) 風の操作が I<in_fd> では利用できない。"
9446 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:138
9447 msgid "Unspecified error while reading from I<in_fd>."
9448 msgstr "I<in_fd> から読み込んでいるうちに予期しないエラーが起こった。"
9451 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:142
9452 msgid "Insufficient memory to read from I<in_fd>."
9453 msgstr "I<in_fd> から読み込むための十分なメモリがない。"
9456 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:148
9457 msgid "B<sendfile>() is a new feature in Linux 2.2. The include file I<E<lt>sys/sendfile.hE<gt>> is present since glibc 2.1."
9458 msgstr "B<sendfile> は Linux 2.2 の新しい機能である。 インクルードファイル I<E<lt>sys/sendfile.hE<gt>> は glibc 2.1 から存在している。"
9461 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:150
9462 msgid "Not specified in POSIX.1-2001, or other standards."
9463 msgstr "POSIX.1-2001 や他の標準では規定されていない。"
9466 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:155
9467 msgid "Other UNIX systems implement B<sendfile>() with different semantics and prototypes. It should not be used in portable programs."
9468 msgstr "他の UNIX システムでは、異なった方式やプロトタイプで B<sendfile>() を実装している。移植性を考慮したプログラムでは使用すべきではない。"
9471 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:165
9472 msgid "If you plan to use B<sendfile>() for sending files to a TCP socket, but need to send some header data in front of the file contents, you will find it useful to employ the B<TCP_CORK> option, described in B<tcp>(7), to minimize the number of packets and to tune performance."
9473 msgstr "B<sendfile>() を使って TCP ソケットにファイルを送ろうとしていて、 ファイルの内容の前にヘッダ・データを付け加える必要がある場合は、 パケット数を最小にして性能を上げるために B<tcp>(7) に記述されている B<TCP_CORK> オプションを使うといいだろう。"
9476 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:171
9477 msgid "In Linux 2.4 and earlier, I<out_fd> could also refer to a regular file, and B<sendfile>() changed the current offset of that file."
9479 "Linux 2.4 とそれ以前のバージョンでも、 I<out_fd> は通常のファイルを参照でき、\n"
9480 "B<sendfile>() はそのファイルのオフセットの現在値を変更していた。"
9483 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:183
9484 msgid "The original Linux B<sendfile>() system call was not designed to handle large file offsets. Consequently, Linux 2.4 added B<sendfile64>(), with a wider type for the I<offset> argument. The glibc B<sendfile>() wrapper function transparently deals with the kernel differences."
9486 "元々の Linux B<sendfile>() システムコールは大きなファイルオフセットを\n"
9487 "扱えるように設計されていなかった。その結果、Linux 2.4 で、\n"
9488 "ビット幅の大きな I<offset> 引き数を持った B<sendfile64>() が追加された。\n"
9489 "glibc の B<sendfile>() のラッパー関数はカーネルによるこの違いを吸収している。"
9492 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:192
9493 msgid "Applications may wish to fall back to B<read>(2)/B<write>(2) in the case where B<sendfile>() fails with B<EINVAL> or B<ENOSYS>."
9494 msgstr "B<sendfile>() が B<EINVAL> や B<ENOSYS> で失敗するような場合は、 アプリケーションは B<read>(2)/B<write>(2) に戻すことを考えてもよいかもしれない。"
9497 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:197
9498 msgid "The Linux-specific B<splice>(2) call supports transferring data between arbitrary files (e.g., a pair of sockets)."
9500 "Linux 固有の B<splice>(2) システムコールは、任意のファイル間 (例えば、\n"
9501 "ソケット同士) でのデータ転送をサポートしている。"
9504 #: build/C/man2/sendfile.2:202
9505 msgid "B<mmap>(2), B<open>(2), B<socket>(2), B<splice>(2)"
9506 msgstr "B<mmap>(2), B<open>(2), B<socket>(2), B<splice>(2)"
9509 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:25
9511 msgid "SET_TID_ADDRESS"
9512 msgstr "SET_TID_ADDRESS"
9515 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:25
9521 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:28
9522 msgid "set_tid_address - set pointer to thread ID"
9523 msgstr "set_tid_address - スレッド ID へのポインタを設定する"
9526 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:31
9528 msgid "B<#include E<lt>linux/unistd.hE<gt>>\n"
9529 msgstr "B<#include E<lt>linux/unistd.hE<gt>>\n"
9532 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:33
9534 msgid "B<long set_tid_address(int *>I<tidptr>B<);>\n"
9535 msgstr "B<long set_tid_address(int *>I<tidptr>B<);>\n"
9538 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:40
9539 msgid "For each thread, the kernel maintains two attributes (addresses) called I<set_child_tid> and I<clear_child_tid>. These two attributes contain the value NULL by default."
9540 msgstr "各スレッドについて、カーネルは I<set_child_tid> と I<clear_child_tid> という 2 つの属性を保持する。この 2 つの属性はデフォルトでは NULL である。"
9543 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:40
9545 msgid "I<set_child_tid>"
9546 msgstr "I<set_child_tid>"
9549 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:51
9550 msgid "If a thread is started using B<clone>(2) with the B<CLONE_CHILD_SETTID> flag, I<set_child_tid> is set to the value passed in the I<ctid> argument of that system call."
9551 msgstr "スレッドが B<CLONE_CHILD_SETTID> フラグを指定した B<clone>(2) によって開始された場合、 I<set_child_tid> は B<clone>(2) のシステムコールの I<ctid> 引き数で渡された値に設定される。"
9554 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:56
9555 msgid "When I<set_child_tid> is set, the very first thing the new thread does is to write its thread ID at this address."
9556 msgstr "I<set_child_tid> が設定された場合、一番最初に新しいスレッドが行うことは、 このアドレスに自身のスレッド ID を書き込むことである。"
9559 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:56
9561 msgid "I<clear_child_tid>"
9562 msgstr "I<clear_child_tid>"
9565 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:67
9566 msgid "If a thread is started using B<clone>(2) with the B<CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID> flag, I<clear_child_tid> is set to the value passed in the I<ctid> argument of that system call."
9567 msgstr "スレッドが B<CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID> フラグを指定した B<clone>(2) によって開始された場合、 I<clear_child_tid> は B<clone>(2) のシステムコールの I<ctid> 引き数で渡された値に設定される。"
9570 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:74
9571 msgid "The system call B<set_tid_address>() sets the I<clear_child_tid> value for the calling thread to I<tidptr>."
9572 msgstr "システムコール B<set_tid_address>() は呼び出し元スレッドの I<clear_child_tid> の値を I<tidptr> に設定する。"
9575 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:82
9576 msgid "When a thread whose I<clear_child_tid> is not NULL terminates, then, if the thread is sharing memory with other threads, then 0 is written at the address specified in I<clear_child_tid> and the kernel performs the following operation:"
9577 msgstr "I<clear_child_tid> が NULL でないスレッドが終了すると、そのスレッドが他のスレッドとメモリを共有していれば、 I<clear_child_tid> で指定されたアドレスに 0 が書き込まれ、カーネルは以下の処理を実行する。"
9580 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:84
9582 msgid " futex(clear_child_tid, FUTEX_WAKE, 1, NULL, NULL, 0);\n"
9583 msgstr " futex(clear_child_tid, FUTEX_WAKE, 1, NULL, NULL, 0);\n"
9586 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:88
9587 msgid "The effect of this operation is to wake a single thread that is performing a futex wait on the memory location. Errors from the futex wake operation are ignored."
9588 msgstr "この処理の結果、このメモリアドレスに対する futex wait を実行しているスレッドを一つ起こす (wake)。 futex wake 操作でのエラーは無視される。"
9591 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:91
9592 msgid "B<set_tid_address>() always returns the caller's thread ID."
9593 msgstr "B<set_tid_address>() は常に呼び出し元のスレッド ID を返す。"
9596 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:94
9597 msgid "B<set_tid_address>() always succeeds."
9598 msgstr "B<set_tid_address>() は常に成功する。"
9601 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:97
9602 msgid "This call is present since Linux 2.5.48. Details as given here are valid since Linux 2.5.49."
9603 msgstr "この呼び出しは Linux 2.5.48 以降で存在する。 ここで書かれた詳細は Linux 2.5.49 以降で有効である。"
9606 #: build/C/man2/set_tid_address.2:103
9607 msgid "B<clone>(2), B<futex>(2), B<gettid>(2)"
9608 msgstr "B<clone>(2), B<futex>(2), B<gettid>(2)"
9611 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:26
9617 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:26 build/C/man2/tee.2:26
9623 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:29
9624 msgid "splice - splice data to/from a pipe"
9625 msgstr "splice - パイプとの間でデータを継ぎ合わせる"
9628 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:33 build/C/man2/tee.2:33
9631 "B<#define _GNU_SOURCE> /* See feature_test_macros(7) */\n"
9632 "B<#include E<lt>fcntl.hE<gt>>\n"
9634 "B<#define _GNU_SOURCE> /* feature_test_macros(7) 参照 */\n"
9635 "B<#include E<lt>fcntl.hE<gt>>\n"
9637 #. Return type was long before glibc 2.7
9639 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:38
9642 "B<ssize_t splice(int >I<fd_in>B<, loff_t *>I<off_in>B<, int >I<fd_out>B<,>\n"
9643 "B< loff_t *>I<off_out>B<, size_t >I<len>B<, unsigned int >I<flags>B<);>\n"
9645 "B<ssize_t splice(int >I<fd_in>B<, loff_t *>I<off_in>B<, int >I<fd_out>B<,>\n"
9646 "B< loff_t *>I<off_out>B<, size_t >I<len>B<, unsigned int >I<flags>B<);>\n"
9649 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:50
9650 msgid "B<splice>() moves data between two file descriptors without copying between kernel address space and user address space. It transfers up to I<len> bytes of data from the file descriptor I<fd_in> to the file descriptor I<fd_out>, where one of the descriptors must refer to a pipe."
9651 msgstr "B<splice>() は、カーネルアドレス空間とユーザアドレス空間との間のコピーを伴わずに、 2 つのファイルディスクリプタ間でデータの移動を行う。 ファイルディスクリプタ I<fd_in> からファイルディスクリプタ I<fd_out> へ最大 I<len> バイトを転送する。 2 つのファイルディスクリプタのうち一つは パイプを参照していなければならない。"
9654 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:55
9655 msgid "The following semantics apply for I<fd_in> and I<off_in>:"
9656 msgstr "I<fd_in> と I<off_in> には以下のルールが適用される。"
9659 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:61
9660 msgid "If I<fd_in> refers to a pipe, then I<off_in> must be NULL."
9661 msgstr "I<fd_in> がパイプを参照している場合、 I<off_in> は NULL でなければならない。"
9664 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:70
9665 msgid "If I<fd_in> does not refer to a pipe and I<off_in> is NULL, then bytes are read from I<fd_in> starting from the current file offset, and the current file offset is adjusted appropriately."
9666 msgstr "I<fd_in> がパイプを参照しておらず、かつ I<off_in> が NULL の場合、 バイトは I<fd_in> の現在のファイルオフセットから読み出され、 現在のファイルオフセットは適切に調整される。"
9669 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:83
9670 msgid "If I<fd_in> does not refer to a pipe and I<off_in> is not NULL, then I<off_in> must point to a buffer which specifies the starting offset from which bytes will be read from I<fd_in>; in this case, the current file offset of I<fd_in> is not changed."
9671 msgstr "I<fd_in> がパイプを参照しておらず、 I<off_in> が NULL でない場合、 I<off_in> は I<fd_in> からのデータ読み出しを開始する先頭オフセットを格納したバッファ へのポインタでなければならない。この場合、 I<fd_in> の現在のファイルオフセットは変更されない。"
9674 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:88
9675 msgid "Analogous statements apply for I<fd_out> and I<off_out>."
9676 msgstr "I<fd_out> と I<off_out> に関しても同様である。"
9679 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:93 build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:78
9680 msgid "The I<flags> argument is a bit mask that is composed by ORing together zero or more of the following values:"
9681 msgstr "I<flags> 引き数には、以下の値の 0 個以上をビット毎の論理和の形で指定する。"
9684 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:93 build/C/man2/tee.2:62 build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:78
9686 msgid "B<SPLICE_F_MOVE>"
9687 msgstr "B<SPLICE_F_MOVE>"
9690 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:106
9691 msgid "Attempt to move pages instead of copying. This is only a hint to the kernel: pages may still be copied if the kernel cannot move the pages from the pipe, or if the pipe buffers don't refer to full pages. The initial implementation of this flag was buggy: therefore starting in Linux 2.6.21 it is a no-op (but is still permitted in a B<splice>() call); in the future, a correct implementation may be restored."
9692 msgstr "ページのコピーでなく移動を試みる。 これはカーネルに対するヒントでしかない。 つまり、カーネルがパイプからページを移動できない場合や、 パイプバッファがページ全部を参照していない場合は、 ページのコピーが行われることもある。 このフラグの最初の実装にはバグがあった。そのため、 Linux 2.6.21 以降ではこのフラグの操作はできないようになっている (ただし、 B<splice>() コールでこのフラグを指定することは今も認められている)。 将来、正しい実装が行われることだろう。"
9695 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:106 build/C/man2/tee.2:68 build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:84
9697 msgid "B<SPLICE_F_NONBLOCK>"
9698 msgstr "B<SPLICE_F_NONBLOCK>"
9701 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:115
9702 msgid "Do not block on I/O. This makes the splice pipe operations nonblocking, but B<splice>() may nevertheless block because the file descriptors that are spliced to/from may block (unless they have the B<O_NONBLOCK> flag set)."
9703 msgstr "入出力時に停止 (block) しない。 このフラグを指定すると、 splice によるパイプ操作を非停止モード (nonblocking) で 行おうとするが、その場合でも B<splice>() は停止することもある。なぜなら、データのやり取りを行う ファイルディスクリプタは (B<O_NONBLOCK> フラグをセットされていない場合) 停止する可能性があるからである。"
9706 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:115 build/C/man2/tee.2:73 build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:91
9708 msgid "B<SPLICE_F_MORE>"
9709 msgstr "B<SPLICE_F_MORE>"
9712 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:129
9713 msgid "More data will be coming in a subsequent splice. This is a helpful hint when the I<fd_out> refers to a socket (see also the description of B<MSG_MORE> in B<send>(2), and the description of B<TCP_CORK> in B<tcp>(7))"
9714 msgstr "この後の splice でさらに転送されるデータがあることを示す。 このフラグは I<fd_out> がソケットを参照している場合に有用なヒントとなる (B<send>(2) の B<MSG_MORE> や B<tcp>(7) の B<TCP_CORK> の説明も参照)。"
9717 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:129 build/C/man2/tee.2:79 build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:97
9719 msgid "B<SPLICE_F_GIFT>"
9720 msgstr "B<SPLICE_F_GIFT>"
9723 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:135
9724 msgid "Unused for B<splice>(); see B<vmsplice>(2)."
9725 msgstr "B<splice>() では使用しない。 B<vmsplice>(2) 参照。"
9728 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:144
9729 msgid "Upon successful completion, B<splice>() returns the number of bytes spliced to or from the pipe. A return value of 0 means that there was no data to transfer, and it would not make sense to block, because there are no writers connected to the write end of the pipe referred to by I<fd_in>."
9730 msgstr "成功して完了すると、 B<splice>() はパイプから出し入れしたバイト数を返す。 返り値 0 はデータの転送が行わなかったことを示す。 この場合、処理を停止 (block) しても無意味である。 なぜなら、 I<fd_in> が参照するパイプの書き込み側に接続されている者がいないからである。"
9733 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:150
9734 msgid "On error, B<splice>() returns -1 and I<errno> is set to indicate the error."
9735 msgstr "エラーの場合、 B<splice>() は -1 を返し、 I<errno> にエラーを示す値を設定する。"
9738 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:157 build/C/man2/tee.2:107
9739 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:133
9740 msgid "B<SPLICE_F_NONBLOCK> was specified in I<flags>, and the operation would block."
9741 msgstr "B<SPLICE_F_NONBLOCK> が I<flags> に指定されていて、かつ操作が停止するような状態であった。"
9744 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:161
9745 msgid "One or both file descriptors are not valid, or do not have proper read-write mode."
9746 msgstr "ファイルディスクリプタの一方または両方が有効ではない、 もしくは適切な read-write モードではない。"
9748 #. The append-mode error is given since 2.6.27; in earlier kernels,
9749 #. splice() in append mode was broken
9751 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:169
9752 msgid "Target filesystem doesn't support splicing; target file is opened in append mode; neither of the descriptors refers to a pipe; or offset given for nonseekable device."
9753 msgstr "対象のファイルシステムが splice に対応していない、 または対象のファイルが追記モードでオープンされている、 またはディスクリプタのどちらもパイプを参照していない、 または seek できないデバイスに対してオフセットが指定された。"
9756 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:172 build/C/man2/tee.2:120
9757 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:148
9758 msgid "Out of memory."
9762 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:172
9768 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:179
9769 msgid "Either I<off_in> or I<off_out> was not NULL, but the corresponding file descriptor refers to a pipe."
9770 msgstr "I<off_in> か I<off_out> のいずれかが NULL ではないが、対応するファイルディスクリプタが パイプを参照している。"
9773 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:184
9774 msgid "The B<splice>() system call first appeared in Linux 2.6.17; library support was added to glibc in version 2.5."
9776 "B<splice>() システムコールは Linux 2.6.17 で初めて登場した。\n"
9777 "ライブラリによるサポートは glibc バージョン 2.5 で追加された。"
9780 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:196
9781 msgid "The three system calls B<splice>(), B<vmsplice>(2), and B<tee>(2), provide user-space programs with full control over an arbitrary kernel buffer, implemented within the kernel using the same type of buffer that is used for a pipe. In overview, these system calls perform the following tasks:"
9782 msgstr "3 つのシステムコール (B<splice>(), B<vmsplice>(2), B<tee>(2)) を使うと、ユーザ空間プログラムは任意のカーネルバッファに対する 完全な制御ができる。カーネルバッファは、パイプに使用されているのと 同種のバッファを使ってカーネル内に実装されている。 大まかにいうと、これらのシステムコールは以下の仕事を行う:"
9785 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:196
9788 msgstr "B<splice>()"
9791 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:200
9792 msgid "moves data from the buffer to an arbitrary file descriptor, or vice versa, or from one buffer to another."
9793 msgstr "バッファから任意のファイルディスクリプタや、その逆方向、 もしくはあるバッファから別のバッファへの、データ移動を行う。"
9796 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:200
9802 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:203
9803 msgid "\"copies\" the data from one buffer to another."
9804 msgstr "あるバッファから別のバッファへのデータ「コピー」を行う。"
9807 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:203
9809 msgid "B<vmsplice>(2)"
9810 msgstr "B<vmsplice>(2)"
9813 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:206
9814 msgid "\"copies\" data from user space into the buffer."
9815 msgstr "ユーザ空間からバッファへのデータ「コピー」を行う。"
9817 #. Linus: Now, imagine using the above in a media server, for example.
9818 #. Let's say that a year or two has passed, so that the video drivers
9819 #. have been updated to be able to do the splice thing, and what can
9821 #. - splice from the (mpeg or whatever - let's just assume that the video
9822 #. input is either digital or does the encoding on its own - like they
9823 #. pretty much all do) video input into a pipe (remember: no copies - the
9824 #. video input will just DMA directly into memory, and splice will just
9825 #. set up the pages in the pipe buffer)
9826 #. - tee that pipe to split it up
9827 #. - splice one end to a file (ie "save the compressed stream to disk")
9828 #. - splice the other end to a real-time video decoder window for your
9829 #. real-time viewing pleasure.
9830 #. Linus: Now, the advantage of splice()/tee() is that you can
9831 #. do zero-copy movement of data, and unlike sendfile() you can
9832 #. do it on _arbitrary_ data (and, as shown by "tee()", it's more
9833 #. than just sending the data to somebody else: you can duplicate
9834 #. the data and choose to forward it to two or more different
9835 #. users - for things like logging etc.).
9837 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:237
9838 msgid "Though we talk of copying, actual copies are generally avoided. The kernel does this by implementing a pipe buffer as a set of reference-counted pointers to pages of kernel memory. The kernel creates \"copies\" of pages in a buffer by creating new pointers (for the output buffer) referring to the pages, and increasing the reference counts for the pages: only pointers are copied, not the pages of the buffer."
9839 msgstr "ここではコピーの話をしているが、実際のコピーは一般的に回避される。 カーネルは、パイプ・バッファをカーネルメモリのページへのポインタ集合として 実装し、ページへの参照回数を管理することで、これを実現している。 カーネルは、対象となるページを参照する (出力バッファ用の) ポインタを 新規に作成することでバッファ内のページの「コピー」を作成し、 そのページの参照回数を増やす。つまり、ポインタだけがコピーされ、 バッファのページはコピーされない。"
9842 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:240
9843 msgid "See B<tee>(2)."
9844 msgstr "B<tee>(2) 参照。"
9847 #: build/C/man2/splice.2:244
9848 msgid "B<sendfile>(2), B<tee>(2), B<vmsplice>(2)"
9849 msgstr "B<sendfile>(2), B<tee>(2), B<vmsplice>(2)"
9852 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:26
9858 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:29
9859 msgid "tee - duplicating pipe content"
9860 msgstr "tee - パイプの中身を複製する"
9863 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:36
9865 msgid "B<ssize_t tee(int >I<fd_in>B<, int >I<fd_out>B<, size_t >I<len>B<, unsigned int >I<flags>B<);>\n"
9866 msgstr "B<ssize_t tee(int >I<fd_in>B<, int >I<fd_out>B<, size_t >I<len>B<, unsigned int >I<flags>B<);>\n"
9868 #. Example programs http://brick.kernel.dk/snaps
9869 #. add a "tee(in, out1, out2)" system call that duplicates the pages
9870 #. (again, incrementing their reference count, not copying the data) from
9871 #. one pipe to two other pipes.
9873 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:56
9874 msgid "B<tee>() duplicates up to I<len> bytes of data from the pipe referred to by the file descriptor I<fd_in> to the pipe referred to by the file descriptor I<fd_out>. It does not consume the data that is duplicated from I<fd_in>; therefore, that data can be copied by a subsequent B<splice>(2)."
9875 msgstr "B<tee>() は、ファイルディスクリプタ I<fd_in> が参照するパイプからファイルディスクリプタ I<fd_out> が参照するパイプへ最大 I<len> バイトのデータを複製する。 この操作では、複製されるデータは I<fd_in> からは消費されない。したがって、これらのデータをこの後の B<splice>(2) でコピーすることができる。"
9878 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:62
9879 msgid "I<flags> is a series of modifier flags, which share the name space with B<splice>(2) and B<vmsplice>(2):"
9880 msgstr "I<flags> は一連の修飾フラグであり、 B<splice>(2) や B<vmsplice>(2) と共通の名前である。"
9883 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:68
9884 msgid "Currently has no effect for B<tee>(); see B<splice>(2)."
9885 msgstr "現在のところ B<tee>() では何の効果もない。 B<splice>(2) 参照。"
9887 #. Not used for vmsplice
9888 #. May be in the future -- therefore EAGAIN
9890 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:73 build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:91
9891 msgid "Do not block on I/O; see B<splice>(2) for further details."
9892 msgstr "入出力で停止 (block) しない。詳細は B<splice>(2) 参照。"
9895 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:79
9896 msgid "Currently has no effect for B<tee>(), but may be implemented in the future; see B<splice>(2)."
9897 msgstr "現在のところ B<tee>() では何の効果もないが、将来的には実装される可能性がある。 B<splice>(2) 参照。"
9900 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:85
9901 msgid "Unused for B<tee>(); see B<vmsplice>(2)."
9902 msgstr "B<tee>() では未使用。 B<vmsplice>(2) 参照。"
9905 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:94
9906 msgid "Upon successful completion, B<tee>() returns the number of bytes that were duplicated between the input and output. A return value of 0 means that there was no data to transfer, and it would not make sense to block, because there are no writers connected to the write end of the pipe referred to by I<fd_in>."
9907 msgstr "成功して完了すると、 B<tee>() は入出力間で複製されたバイト数を返す。 返り値 0 はデータの転送が行われなかったことを示す。 この場合、処理を停止 (block) しても無意味である。 なぜなら、 I<fd_in> が参照するパイプの書き込み側に接続されている者がいないからである。"
9910 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:100
9911 msgid "On error, B<tee>() returns -1 and I<errno> is set to indicate the error."
9912 msgstr "エラーの場合、 B<tee>() は -1 を返し、 I<errno> にエラーを示す値を設定する。"
9915 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:117
9916 msgid "I<fd_in> or I<fd_out> does not refer to a pipe; or I<fd_in> and I<fd_out> refer to the same pipe."
9917 msgstr "I<fd_in> と I<fd_out> のどちらかがパイプを参照していない。もしくは I<fd_in> と I<fd_out> が同じパイプを参照している。"
9920 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:125
9921 msgid "The B<tee>() system call first appeared in Linux 2.6.17; library support was added to glibc in version 2.5."
9923 "B<tee>() システムコールは Linux 2.6.17 で初めて登場した。\n"
9924 "ライブラリによるサポートは glibc バージョン 2.5 で追加された。"
9927 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:136
9928 msgid "Conceptually, B<tee>() copies the data between the two pipes. In reality no real data copying takes place though: under the covers, B<tee>() assigns data in the output by merely grabbing a reference to the input."
9929 msgstr "概念としては、 B<tee>() は二つのパイプ間でデータのコピーを行う。 しかし、実際には実データのコピーは行われない。 内部では、 B<tee>() は入力側に対する参照だけを作成することで出力側にデータを 追加する。"
9932 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:143
9933 msgid "The example below implements a basic B<tee>(1) program using the B<tee>() system call. Here is an example of its use:"
9934 msgstr "以下の例は、 B<tee>() システムコールを使って、 基本的な B<tee>(1) プログラムを実装したものである。 以下は利用例である。"
9937 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:150
9940 "$ B<date |./a.out out.log | cat>\n"
9941 "Tue Oct 28 10:06:00 CET 2014\n"
9942 "$ B<cat out.log>\n"
9943 "Tue Oct 28 10:06:00 CET 2014\n"
9945 "$ B<date |./a.out out.log | cat>\n"
9946 "Tue Oct 28 10:06:00 CET 2014\n"
9947 "$ B<cat out.log>\n"
9948 "Tue Oct 28 10:06:00 CET 2014\n"
9951 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:152
9953 msgid "Program source"
9957 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:162
9960 "#define _GNU_SOURCE\n"
9961 "#include E<lt>fcntl.hE<gt>\n"
9962 "#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n"
9963 "#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n"
9964 "#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>\n"
9965 "#include E<lt>errno.hE<gt>\n"
9966 "#include E<lt>limits.hE<gt>\n"
9968 "#define _GNU_SOURCE\n"
9969 "#include E<lt>fcntl.hE<gt>\n"
9970 "#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n"
9971 "#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n"
9972 "#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>\n"
9973 "#include E<lt>errno.hE<gt>\n"
9974 "#include E<lt>limits.hE<gt>\n"
9977 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:168
9981 "main(int argc, char *argv[])\n"
9987 "main(int argc, char *argv[])\n"
9993 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:173
9996 " if (argc != 2) {\n"
9997 " fprintf(stderr, \"Usage: %s E<lt>fileE<gt>\\en\", argv[0]);\n"
9998 " exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
10001 " if (argc != 2) {\n"
10002 " fprintf(stderr, \"Usage: %s E<lt>fileE<gt>\\en\", argv[0]);\n"
10003 " exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
10006 #. type: Plain text
10007 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:179
10010 " fd = open(argv[1], O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);\n"
10011 " if (fd == -1) {\n"
10012 " perror(\"open\");\n"
10013 " exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
10016 " fd = open(argv[1], O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);\n"
10017 " if (fd == -1) {\n"
10018 " perror(\"open\");\n"
10019 " exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
10022 #. type: Plain text
10023 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:186
10028 " * tee stdin to stdout.\n"
10030 " len = tee(STDIN_FILENO, STDOUT_FILENO,\n"
10031 " INT_MAX, SPLICE_F_NONBLOCK);\n"
10035 " * tee stdin to stdout.\n"
10037 " len = tee(STDIN_FILENO, STDOUT_FILENO,\n"
10038 " INT_MAX, SPLICE_F_NONBLOCK);\n"
10040 #. type: Plain text
10041 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:195
10044 " if (len E<lt> 0) {\n"
10045 " if (errno == EAGAIN)\n"
10047 " perror(\"tee\");\n"
10048 " exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
10053 " if (len E<lt> 0) {\n"
10054 " if (errno == EAGAIN)\n"
10056 " perror(\"tee\");\n"
10057 " exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
10062 #. type: Plain text
10063 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:209
10067 " * Consume stdin by splicing it to a file.\n"
10069 " while (len E<gt> 0) {\n"
10070 " slen = splice(STDIN_FILENO, NULL, fd, NULL,\n"
10071 " len, SPLICE_F_MOVE);\n"
10072 " if (slen E<lt> 0) {\n"
10073 " perror(\"splice\");\n"
10081 " * Consume stdin by splicing it to a file.\n"
10083 " while (len E<gt> 0) {\n"
10084 " slen = splice(STDIN_FILENO, NULL, fd, NULL,\n"
10085 " len, SPLICE_F_MOVE);\n"
10086 " if (slen E<lt> 0) {\n"
10087 " perror(\"splice\");\n"
10094 #. type: Plain text
10095 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:213
10099 " exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n"
10103 " exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n"
10106 #. type: Plain text
10107 #: build/C/man2/tee.2:217
10108 msgid "B<splice>(2), B<vmsplice>(2)"
10109 msgstr "B<splice>(2), B<vmsplice>(2)"
10112 #: build/C/man2/vm86.2:26
10118 #: build/C/man2/vm86.2:26
10121 msgstr "2009-02-20"
10123 #. type: Plain text
10124 #: build/C/man2/vm86.2:29
10125 msgid "vm86old, vm86 - enter virtual 8086 mode"
10126 msgstr "vm86old, vm86 - 仮想 8086 モードへ移行する"
10128 #. type: Plain text
10129 #: build/C/man2/vm86.2:31
10130 msgid "B<#include E<lt>sys/vm86.hE<gt>>"
10131 msgstr "B<#include E<lt>sys/vm86.hE<gt>>"
10133 #. type: Plain text
10134 #: build/C/man2/vm86.2:33
10135 msgid "B<int vm86old(struct vm86_struct *>I<info>B<);>"
10136 msgstr "B<int vm86old(struct vm86_struct *>I<info>B<);>"
10138 #. type: Plain text
10139 #: build/C/man2/vm86.2:35
10140 msgid "B<int vm86(unsigned long >I<fn>B<, struct vm86plus_struct *>I<v86>B<);>"
10141 msgstr "B<int vm86(unsigned long >I<fn>B<, struct vm86plus_struct *>I<v86>B<);>"
10143 #. type: Plain text
10144 #: build/C/man2/vm86.2:48
10145 msgid "The system call B<vm86>() was introduced in Linux 0.97p2. In Linux 2.1.15 and 2.0.28, it was renamed to B<vm86old>(), and a new B<vm86>() was introduced. The definition of I<struct vm86_struct> was changed in 1.1.8 and 1.1.9."
10146 msgstr "B<vm86>() システムコールは Linux 0.97p2 で導入された。 これは Linux 2.1.15 と 2.0.28 で B<vm86old>() に名前が変更され、 新しい B<vm86>() が導入された。 I<struct vm86_struct> の定義は 1.1.8 と 1.1.9 で変更された。"
10148 #. type: Plain text
10149 #: build/C/man2/vm86.2:52
10150 msgid "These calls cause the process to enter VM86 mode (virtual-8086 in Intel literature), and are used by B<dosemu>."
10151 msgstr "これらのコールによってプロセスは VM86 モード (Intel の文書では仮想 8086 モード) へと移行する。 これらのコールは B<dosemu> で使用される。"
10153 #. type: Plain text
10154 #: build/C/man2/vm86.2:54
10155 msgid "VM86 mode is an emulation of real mode within a protected mode task."
10156 msgstr "VM86 モードはプロテクトモードタスクにおける リアルモードのエミュレーションである。"
10158 #. type: Plain text
10159 #: build/C/man2/vm86.2:64
10160 msgid "This return value is specific to i386 and indicates a problem with getting user-space data."
10161 msgstr "この返り値は i386 固有のものであり、 ユーザー空間のデータを取得する際に問題があったことを示す。"
10163 #. type: Plain text
10164 #: build/C/man2/vm86.2:68
10165 msgid "This return value indicates the call is not implemented on the present architecture."
10166 msgstr "この返り値は、このコールが現在のアーキテクチャで実装されていないことを示す。"
10168 #. type: Plain text
10169 #: build/C/man2/vm86.2:73
10170 msgid "Saved kernel stack exists. (This is a kernel sanity check; the saved stack should exist only within vm86 mode itself.)"
10171 msgstr "保存されたカーネルスタックが既に存在している。(これはカーネルが通常の 状態であるかをチェックしている。保存されたスタックは vm86 モードで しか存在しない。)"
10173 #. type: Plain text
10174 #: build/C/man2/vm86.2:76
10175 msgid "This call is specific to Linux on 32-bit Intel processors, and should not be used in programs intended to be portable."
10176 msgstr "この関数は 32 ビット Intel プロセッサ上の Linux 特有の関数であり、 移植を意図したプログラムでは使用すべきでない。"
10179 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:26
10185 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:26
10188 msgstr "2014-10-02"
10190 #. type: Plain text
10191 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:29
10192 msgid "vmsplice - splice user pages into a pipe"
10193 msgstr "vmsplice - ユーザ・ページをパイプに継ぎ合わせる"
10195 #. type: Plain text
10196 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:34
10199 "B<#define _GNU_SOURCE> /* See feature_test_macros(7) */\n"
10200 "B<#include E<lt>fcntl.hE<gt>>\n"
10201 "B<#include E<lt>sys/uio.hE<gt>>\n"
10203 "B<#define _GNU_SOURCE> /* feature_test_macros(7) 参照 */\n"
10204 "B<#include E<lt>fcntl.hE<gt>>\n"
10205 "B<#include E<lt>sys/uio.hE<gt>>\n"
10207 #. type: Plain text
10208 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:37
10211 "B<ssize_t vmsplice(int >I<fd>B<, const struct iovec *>I<iov>B<,>\n"
10212 "B< unsigned long >I<nr_segs>B<, unsigned int >I<flags>B<);>\n"
10214 "B<ssize_t vmsplice(int >I<fd>B<, const struct iovec *>I<iov>B<,>\n"
10215 "B< unsigned long >I<nr_segs>B<, unsigned int >I<flags>B<);>\n"
10217 #. Linus: vmsplice() system call to basically do a "write to
10218 #. the buffer", but using the reference counting and VM traversal
10219 #. to actually fill the buffer. This means that the user needs to
10220 #. be careful not to reuse the user-space buffer it spliced into
10221 #. the kernel-space one (contrast this to "write()", which copies
10222 #. the actual data, and you can thus reuse the buffer immediately
10223 #. after a successful write), but that is often easy to do.
10224 #. type: Plain text
10225 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:57
10226 msgid "The B<vmsplice>() system call maps I<nr_segs> ranges of user memory described by I<iov> into a pipe. The file descriptor I<fd> must refer to a pipe."
10227 msgstr "B<vmsplice>() システムコールは、 I<iov> で指定されたユーザ・メモリの I<nr_segs> の範囲をパイプにマッピングする。 I<fd> はパイプを参照していなければならない。"
10229 #. type: Plain text
10230 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:64
10231 msgid "The pointer I<iov> points to an array of I<iovec> structures as defined in I<E<lt>sys/uio.hE<gt>>:"
10232 msgstr "ポインタ I<iov> は I<iovec> 構造体の配列を指す。 I<iovec> 構造体は I<E<lt>sys/uio.hE<gt>> で以下のように定義されている:"
10234 #. type: Plain text
10235 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:71
10239 " void *iov_base; /* Starting address */\n"
10240 " size_t iov_len; /* Number of bytes */\n"
10244 " void *iov_base; /* 開始アドレス */\n"
10245 " size_t iov_len; /* バイト数 */\n"
10248 #. type: Plain text
10249 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:84
10250 msgid "Unused for B<vmsplice>(); see B<splice>(2)."
10251 msgstr "B<vmsplice>() では未使用。 B<splice>(2) 参照。"
10253 #. type: Plain text
10254 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:97
10255 msgid "Currently has no effect for B<vmsplice>(), but may be implemented in the future; see B<splice>(2)."
10256 msgstr "現在のところ B<vmsplice>() では何の効果もないが、将来的には実装される可能性がある。 B<splice>(2) 参照。"
10258 #. FIXME . Explain the following line in a little more detail:
10260 #. It looks like the page-alignment requirement went away with
10261 #. commit bd1a68b59c8e3bce45fb76632c64e1e063c3962d
10262 #. .... if we expect to later SPLICE_F_MOVE to the cache.
10263 #. type: Plain text
10264 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:117
10265 msgid "The user pages are a gift to the kernel. The application may not modify this memory ever, or page cache and on-disk data may differ. Gifting pages to the kernel means that a subsequent B<splice>(2) B<SPLICE_F_MOVE> can successfully move the pages; if this flag is not specified, then a subsequent B<splice>(2) B<SPLICE_F_MOVE> must copy the pages. Data must also be properly page aligned, both in memory and length."
10266 msgstr "ユーザ・ページがカーネルへ渡すもの (gift) であることを示す。 アプリケーションはこのメモリを絶対に変更してはならない。 さもなければ、ページキャッシュとディスク上のデータは 一致しなくなるだろう。 ページをカーネルに渡すと、この次の B<splice>(2) B<SPLICE_F_MOVE> でそのページの移動を行うことができる。 このフラグが指定されなかった場合、この次の B<splice>(2) B<SPLICE_F_MOVE> でそのページのコピーを行わなければならない。 データはメモリ上でページ境界にあっていなければならず、 長さもページ境界の倍数でなければならない。"
10268 #. type: Plain text
10269 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:126
10270 msgid "Upon successful completion, B<vmsplice>() returns the number of bytes transferred to the pipe. On error, B<vmsplice>() returns -1 and I<errno> is set to indicate the error."
10271 msgstr "成功して完了すると、 B<vmsplice>() はパイプに転送したバイト数を返す。 エラーの場合、 B<vmplice>() は -1 を返し、 I<errno> をエラーを示す値に設定する。"
10273 #. type: Plain text
10274 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:137
10275 msgid "I<fd> either not valid, or doesn't refer to a pipe."
10276 msgstr "I<fd> が有効でない、もしくはパイプを参照していない。"
10278 #. type: Plain text
10279 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:145
10280 msgid "I<nr_segs> is greater than B<IOV_MAX>; or memory not aligned if B<SPLICE_F_GIFT> set."
10281 msgstr "I<nr_segs> が B<IOV_MAX> よりも大きい。または B<SPLICE_F_GIFT> が設定されたがメモリがページ境界にあっていない。"
10283 #. type: Plain text
10284 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:153
10285 msgid "The B<vmsplice>() system call first appeared in Linux 2.6.17; library support was added to glibc in version 2.5."
10287 "B<vmsplice>() システムコールは Linux 2.6.17 で初めて登場した。\n"
10288 "ライブラリによるサポートは glibc バージョン 2.5 で追加された。"
10290 #. type: Plain text
10291 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:164
10292 msgid "B<vmsplice>() follows the other vectorized read/write type functions when it comes to limitations on number of segments being passed in. This limit is B<IOV_MAX> as defined in I<E<lt>limits.hE<gt>>. At the time of this writing, that limit is 1024."
10293 msgstr "指定されたセグメント数が上限に達した場合、 B<vmsplice>() は他のベクトル形式の read/write を行う関数と同じ動作をする。 上限は B<IOV_MAX> であり、 I<E<lt>limits.hE<gt>> で定義されている。 このドキュメントを書いた時点での値は 1024 である。"
10295 #. type: Plain text
10296 #: build/C/man2/vmsplice.2:167
10297 msgid "B<splice>(2), B<tee>(2)"
10298 msgstr "B<splice>(2), B<tee>(2)"
10300 #~ msgid "2014-05-10"
10301 #~ msgstr "2014-05-10"
10303 #~ msgid "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_MMAP_DATA>"
10304 #~ msgstr "B<PERF_RECORD_MISC_MMAP_DATA>"
10306 #~ msgid "These system calls were added in Linux 2.6.17. No library support is provided; use B<syscall>(2)."
10308 #~ "これらのシステムコールは Linux 2.6.17 で追加された。ライブラリによる\n"
10309 #~ "サポートは提供されていない。 B<syscall>(2) を使うこと。"
10311 #~ msgid "B<PERF_FLAG_FD_OUTPUT>"
10312 #~ msgstr "B<PERF_FLAG_FD_OUTPUT>"
10314 #~ msgid "2014-04-17"
10315 #~ msgstr "2014-04-17"
10317 #~ msgid "2014-05-05"
10318 #~ msgstr "2014-05-05"
10320 #~ msgid "2014-02-20"
10321 #~ msgstr "2014-02-20"
10323 #~ msgid "2012-07-19"
10324 #~ msgstr "2012-07-19"
10326 #~ msgid "2012-05-04"
10327 #~ msgstr "2012-05-04"
10329 #~ msgid "2013-12-12"
10330 #~ msgstr "2013-12-12"
10332 #~ msgid "2012-04-25"
10333 #~ msgstr "2012-04-25"
10335 #~ msgid "This function will return the current B<personality>() when I<persona> equals 0xffffffff. Otherwise, it will make the execution domain referenced by I<persona> the new execution domain of the calling process."
10336 #~ msgstr "B<personality ()> 関数は、 I<persona> が 0xffffffff の場合は現在の B<パーソナリティ> を返す。 それ以外の場合、 I<persona> により参照される実行ドメインを、 呼び出し元のプロセスの新しい実行ドメインとする。"
10338 #~ msgid "Depending on which operation was executed, the returned value for a successful call can have differing meanings."
10339 #~ msgstr "どの操作が実行されたかによって、 成功時の返り値の意味が変わる。"
10341 #~ msgid "Returns 0 if the process was woken by a B<FUTEX_WAKE> call. In case of timeout, the operation fails with the error B<ETIMEDOUT>. If the futex was not equal to the expected value, the operation fails with the error B<EWOULDBLOCK>. Signals (see B<signal>(7)) or other spurious wakeups cause B<FUTEX_WAIT> to fail with the error B<EINTR>."
10342 #~ msgstr "プロセスが B<FUTEX_WAKE> の呼び出しで wake すると 0 を返す。 タイムアウトの場合、操作はエラー B<ETIMEOUT> で失敗する。 futex が指定された値と等しくない場合、 エラー B<EWOULDBLOCK> で失敗する。 シグナルを受信するか (B<signal>(7) 参照) 他の偽の wake があった場合には、エラー B<EINTR> で失敗する。"
10344 #~ msgid "An operation was not defined or error in page alignment."
10345 #~ msgstr "操作が定義されていない。またはページ・アラインメントでエラーが発生した。"
10347 #~ msgid "Stop the child at the next B<execve>(2) call with I<SIGTRAP | PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC\\ E<lt>E<lt>\\ 8>."
10348 #~ msgstr "次の B<execve>(2) 呼び出し時に I<SIGTRAP | PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC\\ E<lt>E<lt>\\ 8> で子プロセスの動作を停止させる。"
10350 #~ msgid "Stop the child at the completion of the next B<vfork>(2) call with I<SIGTRAP | PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK_DONE\\ E<lt>E<lt>\\ 8>."
10351 #~ msgstr "次の B<vfork>(2) 呼び出し時に I<SIGTRAP | PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK_DONE\\ E<lt>E<lt>\\ 8> で子プロセスの動作を停止させる。"
10353 #~ msgid "Attaches to the process specified in I<pid>, making it a traced \"child\" of the calling process; the behavior of the child is as if it had done a B<PTRACE_TRACEME>. The calling process actually becomes the parent of the child process for most purposes (e.g., it will receive notification of child events and appears in B<ps>(1) output as the child's parent), but a B<getppid>(2) by the child will still return the PID of the original parent. The child is sent a B<SIGSTOP>, but will not necessarily have stopped by the completion of this call; use B<wait>(2) to wait for the child to stop. (I<addr> and I<data> are ignored.)"
10354 #~ msgstr "I<pid> で指定されたプロセスに接続 (attach) し、それを呼び出し元のプロセスの 子プロセスとしてトレースできるようにする。子プロセスは B<PTRACE_TRACEME> したかのように振舞う。呼び出し元のプロセスはそのほとんどの目的において、 その子プロセスの実際の親になる (例えば、子プロセスのイベントの 通知を受けとったり、 B<ps>(1) で親として表示されたりする)。しかし、子プロセスで B<getppid>(2) を実行した場合には元の親プロセスの PID が返される。 子プロセスには B<SIGSTOP> が送られるが、この呼び出しが完了するまでに 必ずしも停止するとは限らない。子プロセスの停止を待つには B<wait>(2) を使用すること。(I<addr> と I<data> は無視される。)"
10356 #~ msgid "Tracing causes a few subtle differences in the semantics of traced processes. For example, if a process is attached to with B<PTRACE_ATTACH>, its original parent can no longer receive notification via B<wait>(2) when it stops, and there is no way for the new parent to effectively simulate this notification."
10357 #~ msgstr "トレースすることによってトレースされるプロセスの動作に些細な違いが 起こることがある。例えば、プロセスが B<PTRACE_ATTACH> によって接続された場合には、そのプロセスが停止した時でも本来の親は B<wait>(2) を使って通知を受けることができず、新しい親が効率よく この通知を真似る方法もない。"
10359 #~ msgid "When the parent receives an event with B<PTRACE_EVENT_*> set, the child is not in the normal signal delivery path. This means the parent cannot do B<ptrace>(PTRACE_CONT) with a signal or B<ptrace>(PTRACE_KILL). B<kill>(2) with a B<SIGKILL> signal can be used instead to kill the child process after receiving one of these messages."
10360 #~ msgstr "親プロセスが B<PTRACE_EVENT_*> がセットされたイベントを受信した場合、 子プロセスは通常通りのシグナル配送が行われる状態にない。 つまり、親プロセスが、 シグナルにより B<ptrace>(PTRACE_CONT) を行ったり、 B<ptrace>(PTRACE_KILL) を行ったりできないということである。 こららのメッセージの受信後は、子プロセスを終了 (kill) するのに、 シグナル B<SIGKILL> を指定して B<kill>(2) を行う方法を代わりに使用できる。"
10362 #~ msgid "The SunOS man page describes B<ptrace>() as \"unique and arcane\", which it is. The proc-based debugging interface present in Solaris 2 implements a superset of B<ptrace>() functionality in a more powerful and uniform way."
10363 #~ msgstr "SunOS のマニュアル・ページには B<ptrace>() は「独特で不可解」と記述されており、まさしくそうである。 Solaris 2 では proc ベースの デバッグのインターフェースとして B<ptrace>() の上位互換関数が実装され、より強力で一貫性のあるものとなっている。"
10365 #~ msgid "The second argument I<special> is the block special device these quota apply to. It must be mounted."
10366 #~ msgstr "二番目の引き数 I<special> は quota を適用するデバイスのブロック・スペシャル・ファイルである。 そのデバイスはマウントされていなくてはならない。"
10368 #~ msgid "The third argument I<id> is the user or group ID these quota apply to (when relevant)."
10369 #~ msgstr "三番目の引き数 I<id> には、(必要な場合に) quota を適用するユーザーもしくはグループの ID を指定する。"
10371 #~ msgid "The fourth argument I<addr> is the address of a data structure, depending on the command."
10372 #~ msgstr "四番目の引き数 I<addr> には、コマンドごとに異ったデータ構造体のアドレスを指定する。"
10374 #~ msgid "Enable quota. The I<addr> argument is the pathname of the file containing the quota for the file system."
10375 #~ msgstr "quota を有効にする。 I<addr> 引き数には、そのファイル・システムの quota が記録されているファイルの パス名を指定する。"
10377 #~ msgid "Disable quota."
10378 #~ msgstr "quota を無効にする。"
10380 #~ msgid "Set limits and current usage; I<addr> is as before."
10381 #~ msgstr "制限値と現在の使用量を設定する: I<addr> は同上。"
10383 #~ msgid "Set limits; I<addr> is as before."
10384 #~ msgstr "制限値を設定する; I<addr> は同上。"
10386 #~ msgid "Set usage."
10387 #~ msgstr "使用量を設定する。"
10389 #~ msgid "Sync disk copy of a file system's quota."
10390 #~ msgstr "ファイル・システムの quota ファイルをディスクと同期させる。"
10392 #~ msgid "Get collected stats."
10393 #~ msgstr "収集された統計を取得する。"
10395 #~ msgid "On success, B<quotactl>() returns 0. On error, -1 is returned, and I<errno> is set appropriately."
10396 #~ msgstr "B<quotactl>() は、成功時には 0 を返す。エラー時は、-1 を返すとともに、 I<errno> が適切な値に設定される。"
10398 #~ msgid "B<Q_QUOTAON> was asked, but quotas were enabled already."
10399 #~ msgstr "B<Q_QUOTAON> の要求がなされたが、quota(s) は既に有効になっている。"
10401 #~ msgid "Bad I<addr> value."
10402 #~ msgstr "I<addr> の値に誤りがある。"
10404 #~ msgid "I<type> is not a known quota type. Or, I<special> could not be found."
10405 #~ msgstr "I<type> が既知の quota の形式ではない。もしくは、 I<special> デバイスが見付からなかった。"
10407 #~ msgid "Too many open files: cannot open quota file."
10408 #~ msgstr "ファイルをオープンしすぎている: quota ファイルをオープン出来ない。"
10410 #~ msgid "I<special> cannot be found in the mount table."
10411 #~ msgstr "I<special> がマウント・テーブル内に見当たらない。"
10413 #~ msgid "The kernel was compiled without quota support."
10414 #~ msgstr "quota を使用可にしてカーネルをコンパイルしていない。"
10416 #~ msgid "The process was not root (for the file system), and B<Q_GETQUOTA> was asked for another I<id> than that of the process itself, or anything other than B<Q_GETSTATS> or B<Q_SYNC> was asked."
10417 #~ msgstr "プロセスが (そのファイル・システムの) root のものではなく、 かつプロセス自身のものとは異なる I<id> に対して B<Q_GETQUOTA> 要求を行なった。 もしくは、 B<Q_GETSTATS>, B<Q_SYNC> 以外の要求がなされた。"
10419 #~ msgid "B<Q_GETQUOTA> or B<Q_SETQUOTA> or B<Q_SETUSE> or B<Q_SETQLIM> was asked for a file system that didn't have quota enabled."
10420 #~ msgstr "quota が有効になっていないファイル・システムに対して B<Q_GETQUOTA>, B<Q_SETQUOTA>, B<Q_SETUSE>, B<Q_SETQLIM> のいずれかの要求がなされた。"