(split) Import translated manuals from JM CVS Repository.

[linuxjm/LDP_man-pages.git] / release / man3 / getlogin.3

.\" Hey Emacs! This file is -*- nroff -*- source.
.\"
.\" Copyright 1995  James R. Van Zandt <jrv@vanzandt.mv.com>
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
.\" preserved on all copies.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date.  The author(s) assume no
.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
.\" the use of the information contained herein.  The author(s) may not
.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
.\" professionally.
.\"
.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
.\"
.\" Changed Tue Sep 19 01:49:29 1995, aeb: moved from man2 to man3
.\"  added ref to /etc/utmp, added BUGS section, etc.
.\" modified 2003 Walter Harms, aeb - added getlogin_r, note on stdin use
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1998 NAKANO Takeo all rights reserved.
.\" Translated 1998-03-01, NAKANO Takeo <nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp>
.\" Updated & Modified 1999-08-21, NAKANO Takeo <nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp>
.\" Updated & Modified 2005-03-18, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
.\"
.TH GETLOGIN 3 2008-06-29 "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾Á°
getlogin, getlogin_r, cuserid \- ¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼Ì¾¤ò¼èÆÀ¤¹¤ë
.SH ½ñ¼°
.B #include <unistd.h>
.sp
.B "char *getlogin(void);"
.br
.BI "int getlogin_r(char *" buf ", size_t " bufsize );
.sp
.B #include <stdio.h>
.sp
.BI "char *cuserid(char *" string );
.sp
.in -4n
glibc ¸þ¤±¤Îµ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í¤ÎÍ×·ï
.RB ( feature_test_macros (7)
»²¾È):
.in
.sp
.BR getlogin_r ():
_REENTRANT || _POSIX_C_SOURCE\ >=\ 199506L
.br
.BR cuserid ():
_XOPEN_SOURCE
.SH ÀâÌÀ
.BR getlogin ()
¤Ï¡¢¸½ºß¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÎÀ©¸æüËö¤Ë¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼Ì¾¤Îʸ»úÎó¤Ø¤Î
¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼Ì¾¤¬·èÄê¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï null ¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
ʸ»úÎó¤ÏÀÅŪÎΰè¤Ë³ä¤êÅö¤Æ¤é¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢¤³¤Î¸å¤Ç¤³¤Î´Ø¿ô¤ä
.BR cuserid ()
¤¬¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤µ¤ì¤¿ºÝ¤Ë¾å½ñ¤­¤µ¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
.PP
.BR getlogin_r ()
¤Ï¡¢¾åµ­¤ÎƱ¤¸¥æ¡¼¥¶Ì¾¤ò¡¢Â礭¤µ
.I bufsize
¤ÎÇÛÎó
.I buf
¤ËÆþ¤ì¤ÆÊÖ¤¹¡£
.PP
.BR cuserid ()
¤Ï¡¢¸½ºß¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¼Â¸ú¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼ID ¤ËÂбþ¤¹¤ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼Ì¾¤Î
ʸ»úÎó¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
\fIstring\fP ¤¬ null ¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿°Ê³°¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢\fIstring\fP ¤Ï¾¯¤Ê¤¯¤È¤â
\fBL_cuserid\fP ʸ»ú¤òÊÝ»ý¤Ç¤­¤ëÇÛÎó¤Ç¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
\fIstring\fP ¤¬ null ¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ÀÅŪÎΰè¤ËÃÖ¤«¤ì¤¿Ê¸»úÎó¤Ø¤Î
¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤¬ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£¤³¤Îʸ»úÎó¤ÏÀÅŪÎΰè¤Ë³ä¤êÅö¤Æ¤é¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢¸å¤Ç
¤³¤Î´Ø¿ô¤ä
.BR getlogin ()
¤¬¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤µ¤ì¤¿ºÝ¤Ë¾å½ñ¤­¤µ¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
.PP
¥Þ¥¯¥í \fBL_cuserid\fP ¤Ï integer ¤ÎÄê¿ô¤Ç¡¢¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼Ì¾¤òÊÝ»ý¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë
ɬÍפÊÇÛÎó¤ÎŤµ¤ò¼¨¤¹¡£ \fBL_cuserid\fP ¤Ï \fBstdio.h\fP ¤ÇÀë¸À¤µ¤ì¤Æ
¤¤¤ë¡£
.PP
¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤ò»È¤¦¤È¡¢¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼
.RB ( cuserid ())
¤ä
¤³¤Î¥»¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ë¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼
.RB ( getlogin ())
¤òÌÀ³Î¤ËÆÃÄꤹ¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë
(¤¿¤À¤· set-user-ID ¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¾õ¶·¤¬°ã¤¦¤³¤È¤â¤¢¤ë)¡£
.PP
¤¿¤¤¤Æ¤¤¤ÎÌÜŪ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤ÎÆÃÄê¤Ë¤Ï´Ä¶­ÊÑ¿ô \fBLOGNAME\fP ¤òÄ´¤Ù
¤ë¤Û¤¦¤¬ÊØÍø¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£LOGNAME ÊÑ¿ô¤Ï¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤¬¼«Í³¤ËÀßÄê¤Ç¤­¤ë¤Î¤Ç
¤è¤ê½ÀÆð¤ÊÂбþ¤¬²Äǽ¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£
.SH ÊÖ¤êÃÍ
.BR getlogin ()
¤ÏÀ®¸ù¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ï¥æ¡¼¥¶Ì¾¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤òÊÖ¤·¡¢¼ºÇÔ¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ï NULL ¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
.BR getlogin_r ()
¤ÏÀ®¸ù¤¹¤ë¤È 0 ¤òÊÖ¤·¡¢¼ºÇÔ¤¹¤ë¤È 0 °Ê³°¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
.SH ¥¨¥é¡¼
POSIX ¤Ç¤Ï°Ê²¼¤Î¥¨¥é¡¼¤¬µ¬Äꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë:
.TP
.B EMFILE
¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬¥ª¡¼¥×¥ó¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¿ô¤¬¤¹¤Ç¤Ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¢¤¿¤ê¤Î
¾å¸Â¤Ë㤷¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.TP
.B ENFILE
¥·¥¹¥Æ¥àÁ´ÂΤǥª¡¼¥×¥ó¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¿ô¤¬¤¹¤Ç¤Ë¾å¸Â¤Ë㤷¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.TP
.B ENXIO
¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë¤ÏÀ©¸æüËö¤¬¤Ê¤¤¡£
.TP
.B ERANGE
(getlogin_r)
(½ªÃ¼¤Î NULL ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤â´Þ¤á¤¿) ¥æ¡¼¥¶Ì¾¤ÎŤµ¤¬
.I bufsize
¤è¤ê¤âŤ¤¡£
.LP
Linux/glibc ¤Ë¤Ï°Ê²¼¤Î¥¨¥é¡¼¤â¤¢¤ë¡£
.TP
.B ENOENT
utmp ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ËÂбþ¤¹¤ë¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤¬¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¡£
.TP
.B ENOMEM
passwd ¹½Â¤ÂΤò³ä¤êÅö¤Æ¤ë¤Î¤Ë½½Ê¬¤Ê¥á¥â¥ê¤¬¤Ê¤¤¡£
.TP
.B ENOTTY
ɸ½àÆþÎϤ¬Ã¼Ëö¤ò»²¾È¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤ (¡Ö¥Ð¥°¡×¤ÎÀá¤ò»²¾È)¡£
.SH ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë
.TP
\fI/etc/passwd\fP
¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥Ù¡¼¥¹¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë
.TP
\fI/var/run/utmp\fP
(ÅÁÅýŪ¤Ë¤Ï \fI/etc/utmp\fP ¤¬»È¤ï¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë;
libc ¤ÎÃæ¤Ë¤Ï \fI/var/adm/utmp\fP ¤ò»È¤¦¤â¤Î¤â¤¢¤ë)
.SH ½àµò
.BR getlogin ()
¤È
.BR getlogin_r ()
¤Ï POSIX.1-2001 ¤Çµ¬Äꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£

System V ¤Ë¤â
.BR cuserid ()
¤¬¤¢¤ë¤¬¡¢
¤³¤ì¤Ï¼Â¸ú¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼ ID ¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢¼Â¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼ ID ¤ò»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¡£
.BR cuserid ()
´Ø¿ô¤Ï 1988 ǯÈǤΠPOSIX ¤Ë¤Ï´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿¤¬¡¢
1990 ǯÈǤǤϺï½ü¤µ¤ì¤¿¡£
SUSv2 ¤Ë¸ºß¤·¤¿¤¬¡¢POSIX.1-2001 ¤Çºï½ü¤µ¤ì¤¿¡£
.LP
OpenBSD ¤Ë¤Ï
.BR getlogin ()
¤È
.BR setlogin ()
¤¬¤¢¤ê¡¢
¥»¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó¤ËÂбþ¤·¤¿¥æ¡¼¥¶Ì¾¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£À©¸æüËö¤¬¤Ê¤¤
¥»¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤Æ¤â¡¢Âбþ¤¹¤ë¥æ¡¼¥¶Ì¾¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
.SH ¥Ð¥°
»ÄÇ°¤Ê¤¬¤é¡¢
.BR getlogin ()
¤ò¤À¤Þ¤¹¤Î¤Ï¤½¤ì¤Û¤ÉÆñ¤·¤¤¤³¤È¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£ÊÌ¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤¬ utmp ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò
²õ¤·¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¤È¡¢Á´¤¯Æ°ºî¤·¤Ê¤¤¤³¤È¤â¤¢¤ë¡£¤Þ¤¿¥í¥°¥¤¥ó̾¤ÎºÇ½é¤Î 8 ʸ»ú
¤·¤«ÊÖ¤µ¤Ê¤¤¤³¤È¤â¿¤¤¡£¤Þ¤¿¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤òÀ©¸æ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë tty ¤Ë
¸½ºß¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤Ï¡¢¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤·¤¿
¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤â¤¢¤ë¡£
¥»¥­¥å¥ê¥Æ¥£¤ÎÍí¤àÍÑÅӤˤÏ
.BR getlogin ()
¤òÍѤ¤¤ë¤Ù¤­¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£
.LP
glibc ¤Ï POSIX »ÅÍͤˤϽ¾¤Ã¤Æ¤ª¤é¤º¡¢
.I /dev/tty
¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯
.I "ɸ½àÆþÎÏ (stdin)"
¤ò»È¤¦¡£¤³¤ì¤Ï¥Ð¥°¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
(SunOS 5.8 ¤ä HP-UX 11.11 ¤ä FreeBSD 4.8 ¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿Â¾¤ÎºÇ¶á¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ï¤¤¤º¤ì¤â¡¢
.I ɸ½àÆþÎÏ
¤¬¥ê¥À¥¤¥ì¥¯¥È¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ç¤â¥í¥°¥¤¥ó̾¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£)
.LP
.BR cuserid ()
¤¬²¿¤ò¹Ô¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤«¡¢¼ÂºÝ¤Î¤È¤³¤í¤òÃΤäƤ¤¤ë¼Ô¤Ïï¤â¤¤¤Ê¤¤;
°Ü¿¢À­¤¬µá¤á¤é¤ì¤ë¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ç¤Ï
.BR cuserid ()
¤Ï»È¤¦¤Ù¤­¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£
¤È¤¤¤¦¤«¤É¤ó¤Ê¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ç¤â»È¤¦¤Ù¤­¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤:
Âå¤ï¤ê¤Ë
.I getpwuid(geteuid())
¤òÍѤ¤¤ë¤Ù¤­¤Ç¤¢¤ë
(¤³¤ì¤¬°Õ¿Þ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤Ê¤é¤Ð¡¢¤À¤¬)¡£
.BR cuserid ()
¤Ï¡Ö»È¤ï¤Ê¤¤¡×¤³¤È¡£
.SH ´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ
.BR geteuid (2),
.BR getuid (2),
.BR utmp (5)