1 .\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE! It was generated by help2man 1.43.3.
2 .TH JOIN "1" "May 2014" "GNU coreutils 8.22" "User Commands"
4 join \- join lines of two files on a common field
7 [\fIOPTION\fR]... \fIFILE1 FILE2\fR
9 .\" Add any additional description here
11 For each pair of input lines with identical join fields, write a line to
12 standard output. The default join field is the first, delimited
13 by whitespace. When FILE1 or FILE2 (not both) is \-, read standard input.
16 also print unpairable lines from file FILENUM, where
17 FILENUM is 1 or 2, corresponding to FILE1 or FILE2
20 replace missing input fields with EMPTY
22 \fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-ignore\-case\fR
23 ignore differences in case when comparing fields
26 equivalent to '\-1 FIELD \fB\-2\fR FIELD'
29 obey FORMAT while constructing output line
32 use CHAR as input and output field separator
35 like \fB\-a\fR FILENUM, but suppress joined output lines
38 join on this FIELD of file 1
41 join on this FIELD of file 2
43 \fB\-\-check\-order\fR
44 check that the input is correctly sorted, even
45 if all input lines are pairable
47 \fB\-\-nocheck\-order\fR
48 do not check that the input is correctly sorted
51 treat the first line in each file as field headers,
52 print them without trying to pair them
54 \fB\-z\fR, \fB\-\-zero\-terminated\fR
55 end lines with 0 byte, not newline
58 display this help and exit
61 output version information and exit
63 Unless \fB\-t\fR CHAR is given, leading blanks separate fields and are ignored,
64 else fields are separated by CHAR. Any FIELD is a field number counted
65 from 1. FORMAT is one or more comma or blank separated specifications,
66 each being 'FILENUM.FIELD' or '0'. Default FORMAT outputs the join field,
67 the remaining fields from FILE1, the remaining fields from FILE2, all
68 separated by CHAR. If FORMAT is the keyword 'auto', then the first
69 line of each file determines the number of fields output for each line.
71 Important: FILE1 and FILE2 must be sorted on the join fields.
72 E.g., use "sort \fB\-k\fR 1b,1" if 'join' has no options,
73 or use "join \fB\-t\fR ''" if 'sort' has no options.
74 Note, comparisons honor the rules specified by 'LC_COLLATE'.
75 If the input is not sorted and some lines cannot be joined, a
76 warning message will be given.
78 GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
79 Report join translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>
81 Written by Mike Haertel.
83 Copyright \(co 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
84 License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
86 This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
87 There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
91 The full documentation for
93 is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the
97 programs are properly installed at your site, the command
99 .B info coreutils \(aqjoin invocation\(aq
101 should give you access to the complete manual.