\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb,xcolor,pict2e,multienum,amsthm,float}
\usepackage{booktabs,listings,lltjlisting,showexpl,multicol}
\usepackage{luatexja-otf}
-\usepackage[unicode=false]{hyperref}
+\usepackage[unicode]{hyperref}
\usepackage[all]{xy}
\SelectTips{cm}{}
\DeclareRobustCommand\epTeX{\ensuremath{\varepsilon}-\kern-.125em\pTeX}
\theoremstyle{definition}
-\newtheorem{defn}{Definition}
+%<en>\newtheorem{defn}{Definition}
+%<ja>\newtheorem{defn}{定義}
\newenvironment{cslist}{%
\leftskip2em\parindent=0pt\def\makelabel##1{{\tt\char92##1}}
grammatical (and contextual) errors.}
%</en>
%<*ja>
-\textbf{\large 本ドキュメントはまだまだ未完成です．
-また，英語版と日本語版をdocstripプログラムを用いることで一緒に生成している都合上，
-見出しが英語のままになっています．}
+\textbf{\large 本ドキュメントはまだまだ未完成です．}
%</ja>
\clearpage
-\part{User's manual}
+%<en>\part{User's manual}
+%<ja>\part{ユーザーズマニュアル}
-\section{Introduction}
+%<en>\section{Introduction}
+%<ja>\section{はじめに}
%<*en>
The \LuaTeX-ja package is a macro package for typesetting high-quality
/それ以上の品質の日本語組版を実現させようとするマクロパッケージである．
%</ja>
-\subsection{Backgrounds}
+%<en>\subsection{Backgrounds}
+%<ja>\subsection{背景}
+
%<*en>
Traditionally, ASCII \pTeX, an extension of \TeX, and its derivatives
are used to typeset Japanese documents in \TeX. \pTeX\ is an engine
blessing: \pTeX\ is left behind from other extensions of \TeX,
especially \eTeX\ and pdf\TeX, and from changes about
Japanese processing in computers (\textit{e.g.}, the UTF-8 encoding).
-
-Recently extensions of \pTeX, namely \upTeX\ (Unicode-implementation
-of \pTeX) and \epTeX\ (merging of \pTeX\ and
-\eTeX\ extension), have developed to fill those gaps to some
-extent, but gaps still exist.
-
-However, the appearance of \LuaTeX\ changed the whole situation. With
-using Lua `callbacks', users can customize the internal processing of
-\LuaTeX. So there is no need to modify sources of engines to
-support Japanese typesetting: to do this, we only have to write Lua
-scripts for appropriate callbacks.
%</en>
%<*ja>
従来，「\TeX を用いて日本語組版を行う」といったとき，エンジンとしては
行われている数々の\TeX の拡張──例えば\eTeX や\pdfTeX ──や，TrueType,
OpenType, Unicodeといった計算機で日本語を扱う際の状況の変化に追従すること
を怠ってしまったのだ．
+%</ja>
+%<*en>
+Recently extensions of \pTeX, namely \upTeX\ (Unicode-implementation
+of \pTeX) and \epTeX\ (merging of \pTeX\ and
+\eTeX\ extension), have developed to fill those gaps to some
+extent, but gaps still exist.
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
ここ数年，若干状況は改善されてきた．現在手に入る大半の\pTeX バイナリでは
外部UTF-8入力が利用可能となり，さらにUnicode化を推進し，\pTeX の内部処理
までUnicode化した\upTeX も開発されている．また，\pTeX に\eTeX 拡張をマー
るようになった．だが，\pdfTeX 拡張（pdf直接出力やmicro-typesetting）を
\pTeX に対応させようという動きはなく，海外とのgapは未だにあるのが現状であ
る．
+%</ja>
+%<*en>
+However, the appearance of \LuaTeX\ changed the whole situation. With
+using Lua `callbacks', users can customize the internal processing of
+\LuaTeX. So there is no need to modify sources of engines to
+support Japanese typesetting: to do this, we only have to write Lua
+scripts for appropriate callbacks.
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
しかし，\LuaTeX の登場で，状況は大きく変わることになった．Luaコードで
`callback'を書くことにより，\LuaTeX の内部処理に割り込みをかけることが可
能となった．これは，エンジン拡張という真似をしなくても，Luaコードとそれに
が始まったパッケージである．
%</ja>
-\subsection{Major Changes from \pTeX}
+%<en>\subsection{Major Changes from \pTeX}
+%<ja>\subsection{\pTeX からの主な変更点}
+
%<*en>
The \LuaTeX-ja package is under much influence of \pTeX\ engine. The initial
target of development was to implement features of \pTeX. However,
\emph{\LuaTeX-ja is not a just porting of \pTeX; unnatural
specifications/behaviors of \pTeX\ were not adopted}.
%</en>
-
%<*ja>
\LuaTeX-jaは，\pTeX に多大な影響を受けている．初期の開発目標は，\pTeX の機
能をLuaコードにより実装することであった．しかし，開発が進むにつれ，\pTeX
れば，そこは積極的に改める．}
%</ja>
+%<*en>
The followings are major changes from \pTeX:
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+以下は \pTeX からの主な変更点である．
+%</ja>
+
\begin{itemize}
+%<*en>
\item A Japanese font is a tuple of a `real' font, a Japanese font
metric (\textbf{JFM}, for short), and an optional string called
`variation'.
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+\item 和文フォントは「実際の」フォント，和文フォントメトリック（JFM と呼ぶ），そ
+ して `variation' と呼ばれる文字列の組である．
+%</ja>
+%<*en>
\item In \pTeX, a linebreak after Japanese character is ignored (and
doesn't yield a space), since linebreaks (in source files) are
permitted almost everywhere in Japanese texts. However, \LuaTeX-ja
doesn't have this function completely, because of a specification
of \LuaTeX.
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+\item 日本語の文書中では改行はほとんどどこでも許されるので，\pTeX では和文文字
+ 直後の改行は無視される（スペースが入らない）ようになっていた．しかし，
+ \LuaTeX-ja では \LuaTeX の仕様のためにこの機能は完全には実装されていない．
+%</ja>
+
+%<*en>
\item The insertion process of glues/kerns between two Japanese
characters and between a Japanese character and other characters
(we refer these glues/kerns as \textbf{JAglue}) is rewritten from
scratch.
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+\item 2つの和文文字の間，和文文字と欧文文字の間に入るグルー／カーン
+ （\textbf{JAglue} と呼ぶ）の挿入処理が0から書き直されている．
+%</ja>
\begin{itemize}
+%<*en>
\item As \LuaTeX's internal character handling is `node-based'
(\textit{e.g.}, \verb+of{}fice+ doesn't prevent ligatures), the
insertion process of \textbf{JAglue} is now `node-based'.
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+\item \LuaTeX の内部での文字の扱いが「ノードベース」になっているように（例えば，
+ \verb+of{}fice+ で合字は抑制されない），\textbf{JAglue} の挿入処理も
+ 「ノードベース」である．
+%</ja>
+
+%<*en>
\item Furthermore, nodes between two characters which have no effects in
linebreak (\textit{e.g.}, \verb+\special+ node) are ignored in the
insertion process.
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+\item さらに，2つの文字の間にある行末では効果を持たないノード（例えば
+ \verb+\special+ ノード）は挿入処理中では無視される．
+%</ja>
+
+%<*en>
\item In the process, two Japanese fonts which differ in their `real'
fonts only are identified.
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+\item 処理中では，2つの和文フォントは「実際の」フォントが異なる場合のみ区別され
+ る．
+%</ja>
\end{itemize}
+
+%<*en>
\item At the present, vertical typesetting (\emph{tategaki}), is not
supported in \LuaTeX-ja.
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+\item 現時点では，縦書きは \LuaTeX-ja ではサポートされていない．
+%</ja>
\end{itemize}
+
+%<*en>
For detailed information, see Part~\ref{part-imp}.
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+詳細については第 \ref{part-imp} 部を見よ．
+%</ja>
-\subsection{Notations}
+%<en>\subsection{Notations}
+%<ja>\subsection{用語と記法}
+
+%<*en>
In this document, the following terms and notations are used:
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+本ドキュメントでは，以下の用語と記法を用いる：
+%</ja>
+
\begin{itemize}
+%<*en>
\item Characters are divided into two types:
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+\item 文字は2種類に分けられる：
+%</ja>
\begin{itemize}
+%<*en>
\item \textbf{JAchar}: standing for Japanese characters such as
Hiragana, Katakana, Kanji and other punctuation marks for
Japanese.
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+\item \textbf{JAchar}: ひらがな，カタカナ，漢字，和文用の約物といった和文文字の
+ ことを指す．
+%</ja>
+
+%<*en>
\item \textbf{ALchar}: standing for all other characters like alphabets.
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+\item \textbf{ALchar}: アルファベットを始めとする，その他全ての文字を指す．
+%</ja>
\end{itemize}
+
+%<*en>
We say `alphabetic fonts' for fonts used in \textbf{ALchar}, and `Japanese fonts' for fonts used in \textbf{JAchar}.
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+そして，\textbf{ALchar} に用いられるフォントを「欧文フォント」と呼び，
+\textbf{JAchar} に用いられるフォントを「和文フォント」と呼ぶ．
+%</ja>
+%<*en>
\item A word in a sans-serif font (like \Param{prebreakpenalty})
means an internal parameter for Japanese typesetting, and it
is used as a key in \verb+\ltjsetparameter+ command.
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+\item サンセリフ体で書かれた語（例：\Param{prebreakpenalty}）は日本語組版用の
+ パラメータを表し，これらは \verb+\ltjsetparameter+ コマンドのキーとして
+ 用いられる．
+%</ja>
+
+%<*en>
\item A word in typewriter font with underline (like \Pkg{fontspec})
- means a package of a class of \LaTeX.
+ means a package or a class of \LaTeX.
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+\item 下線付きのタイプライタ体で書かれた語（例：\Pkg{fontspec}）は \LaTeX の
+ パッケージやクラスを表す．
+%</ja>
+
+%<*en>
\item The word `primitive' is used not only for primitives in \LuaTeX,
but also for control sequences that defined in the core module of
\LuaTeX-ja.
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+\item 「プリミティブ」という語を，\LuaTeX のプリミティブだけではなく \LuaTeX-ja
+ のコアモジュールで定義されたコントロールシーケンスに対しても用いる．
+%</ja>
+
+%<*en>
\item In this document, natural numbers start from~0.
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+\item 本ドキュメントでは，自然数は0から始まる．
+%</ja>
\end{itemize}
-\subsection{About the project}
+%<en>\subsection{About the project}
+%<ja>\subsection{プロジェクトについて}
+
+%<*en>
\paragraph{Project Wiki} Project Wiki is under construction.
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+\paragraph{プロジェクト Wiki} プロジェクト Wiki は構築中である．
+%</ja>
+
+%<*en>
\begin{itemize}
\item \url{http://sourceforge.jp/projects/luatex-ja/wiki/FrontPage%28en%29} (English)
\item \url{http://sourceforge.jp/projects/luatex-ja/wiki/FrontPage} (Japanese)
\end{itemize}
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+\begin{itemize}
+\item \url{http://sourceforge.jp/projects/luatex-ja/wiki/FrontPage}（日本語）
+\item \url{http://sourceforge.jp/projects/luatex-ja/wiki/FrontPage%28en%29}（英語）
+\end{itemize}
+%</ja>
+%<*en>
This project is hosted by SourceForge.JP.
+%</en>
+%<*ja>
+本プロジェクトは SourceForge.JP のサービスを用いて運営されている．
+%</ja>
-\paragraph{Members}\
+%<en>\paragraph{Members}\
+%<ja>\paragraph{開発メンバー}\
%<*en>
\begin{multienumerate}
\def\labelenumi{$\bullet$}
%<*ja>
\begin{multienumerate}
\def\labelenumi{$\bullet$}
-\mitemxxx{Hironori KITAGAWA}{Kazuki MAEDA}{Takayuki YATO}
-\mitemxxx{Yusuke KUROKI}{Noriyuki ABE}{Munehiro YAMAMOTO}
-\mitemx{Tomoaki HONDA}
+\mitemxxx{北川 弘典}{前田 一貴}{八登 崇之}
+\mitemxxx{黒木 裕介}{阿部 紀行}{山本 宗宏}
+\mitemx{本田 知亮}
\end{multienumerate}
%</ja>
% \paragraph{Acknowledgments} -- 挿入するならここ
\clearpage
-\section{Getting Started}
-\subsection{Installation}
+%<en>\section{Getting Started}
+%<ja>\section{使い方}
+%<en>\subsection{Installation}
+%<ja>\subsection{インストール}
To install the \LuaTeX-ja\ package, you will need:
\begin{itemize}
\item \LuaTeX\ (version 0.65.0-beta or later) and its supporting packages.\\
\item If {\tt mktexlsr} is needed to update the filename database, make it so.
\end{enumerate}
-\subsection{Cautions}
+%<en>\subsection{Cautions}
+%<ja>\subsection{注意点}
\begin{itemize}
\item The encoding of your source file must be UTF-8. No other
encodings, such as EUC-JP or Shift-JIS, are not supported.
\end{verbatim}
\end{itemize}
-\subsection{Using in plain \TeX}\label{ssec-plain}
+%<en>\subsection{Using in plain \TeX}
+%<ja>\subsection{plain \TeX で使う}
+\label{ssec-plain}
To use \LuaTeX-ja in plain \TeX, simply put the following at the beginning of the document:
\begin{verbatim}
\input luatexja.sty
\]
\end{itemize}
-\subsection{Using in \LaTeX}\label{ssec-ltx}
+%<en>\subsection{Using in \LaTeX}
+%<ja>\subsection{\LaTeX で使う}
+\label{ssec-ltx}
\paragraph{\LaTeXe}
Using in \LaTeXe\ is basically same. To set up the minimal environment
for Japanese, you only have to load {\tt luatexja.sty}:
%lltjlisting.sty要修正？：↑「森」の直後で改行．
-\subsection{Changing Fonts}\label{ssub-chgfnt}
+%<en>\subsection{Changing Fonts}
+%<ja>\subsection{フォントの変更}
+\label{ssub-chgfnt}
\paragraph{Remark: Japanese Characters in Math Mode}
Since \pTeX\ supports Japanese characters in math mode, there are
sources like the following:
these 7~commands, since this feature and \textbf{JAglue} will clash (see
\ref{para-kern}).
-\section{Changing Parameters}
+%<en>\section{Changing Parameters}
+%<ja>\section{パラメータの変更}
There are many parameters in \LuaTeX-ja. And due to the behavior of \LuaTeX,
most of them are not stored as internal register of \TeX, but as an
original storage system in \LuaTeX-ja. Hence, to assign or acquire those
parameters, you have to use commands \verb+\ltjsetparameter+ and
\verb+\ltjgetparameter+.
-\subsection{Editing the range of \textbf{JAchar}s}
-
+%<en>\subsection{Editing the range of \textbf{JAchar}s}
+%<ja>\subsection{\textbf{JAchar} の範囲の設定}
To edit the range of \textbf{JAchar}s, You have to assign a non-zero
natural number which is less than 217 to the character range first. This
\end{description}
-\subsection{\Param{kanjiskip} and \Param{xkanjiskip}}\label{subs-kskip}
+%<en>\subsection{\Param{kanjiskip} and \Param{xkanjiskip}}
+%<ja>\subsection{\Param{kanjiskip} と \Param{xkanjiskip}}
+\label{subs-kskip}
\textbf{JAglue} is divided into the following three categories:
\begin{itemize}
\item Glues/kerns specified in JFM. If \verb+\inhibitglue+ is issued
To use these data from JFM, set the value of \Param{kanjiskip} or
\Param{xkanjiskip} to \verb+\maxdimen+.
-\subsection{Insertion Setting of \Param{xkanjiskip}}
+%<en>\subsection{Insertion Setting of \Param{xkanjiskip}}
+%<ja>\subsection{\Param{xkanjiskip} の設定の挿入}
It is not desirable that \Param{xkanjiskip} is inserted between every
boundary between \textbf{JAchar}s and \textbf{ALchar}s. For example,
\Param{xkanjiskip} should not be inserted after opening parenthesis
parameters to {\tt false}, respectively.
-\subsection{Shifting Baseline}
+%<en>\subsection{Shifting Baseline}
+%<ja>\subsection{ベースラインの移動}
To make a match between a Japanese font and an alphabetic font, sometimes
shifting of the baseline of one of the pair is needed. In \pTeX, this is achieved
by setting \verb+\ybaselineshift+ to a non-zero length (the
\end{LTXexample}
-\subsection{Cropmark}
+%<en>\subsection{Cropmark}
+%<ja>\subsection{トンボ}
Cropmark is a mark for indicating 4~corners and horizontal/vertical
center of the paper. In Japanese, we call cropmark as tombo(w).
\pLaTeX\ and this \LuaTeX-ja support `tombow' by their kernel.
\end{enumerate}
-\part{Reference}\label{part-ref}
-\section{Font Metric and Japanese Font}
-\subsection{\texttt{\char92jfont} primitive}
+%<en>\part{Reference}
+%<ja>\part{リファレンス}
+\label{part-ref}
+%<en>\section{Font Metric and Japanese Font}
+%<ja>\section{フォントメトリックと日本語フォント}
+%<en>\subsection{\texttt{\char92jfont} primitive}
+%<ja>\subsection{\texttt{\char92jfont} プリミティブ}
To load a font as a Japanese font, you must use the
\verb+\jfont+ primitive instead of~\verb+\font+, while
\verb+\jfont+ admits the same syntax used in~\verb+\font+.
\end{itemize}
-\subsection{Structure of JFM file}
+%<en>\subsection{Structure of JFM file}
+%<ja>\subsection{JFM ファイルの構造}
A JFM file is a Lua script which has only one function call:
\begin{verbatim}
luatexja.jfont.define_jfm { ... }
%</ja>
-\subsection{Math Font Family}
+%<en>\subsection{Math Font Family}
+%<ja>\subsection{数式フォントファミリ}
\TeX\ handles fonts in math formulas by 16~font families\footnote{Omega,
Aleph, \LuaTeX~and $\varepsilon$-\kern-.125em(u)\pTeX can handles 256~families, but
an external package is needed to support this in plain \TeX\ and
\end{center}
\end{table}
-\subsection{Callbacks}
+%<en>\subsection{Callbacks}
+%<ja>\subsection{コールバック}
Like \LuaTeX\ itself, \LuaTeX-ja also has callbacks. These callbacks can
be accessed via \verb+luatexbase.add_to_callback+ function and so on, as other callbacks
\begin{list}{}%
-\section{Parameters}
-\subsection{{\tt\char92 ltjsetparameter} primitive}
+%<en>\section{Parameters}
+%<ja>\section{パラメータ}
+%<en>\subsection{{\tt\char92 ltjsetparameter} primitive}
+%<ja>\subsection{{\tt\char92 ltjsetparameter} プリミティブ}
As noted before, \verb+\ltjsetparameter+ and \verb+\ltjgetparameter+ are
primitives for accessing most parameters of \LuaTeX-ja. One of the main
reason that \LuaTeX-ja didn't adopted the syntax similar to that of \pTeX\
character other than space~`{\tt\char32}'~(U+0020) has the category code
12~(other), while the space has 10~(space).
-\subsection{List of Parameters}
+%<en>\subsection{List of Parameters}
+%<ja>\subsection{パラメータ一覧}
The following is the list of parameters which can be specificated by the
\verb+\ltjsetparameter+ command. [\verb+\cs+] indicates the counterpart
in \pTeX, and symbols beside each parameter has the following meaning:
\end{list}
-\section{Other Primitives}
-\subsection{Primitives for Compatibility}
+%<en>\section{Other Primitives}
+%<ja>\section{その他のプリミティブ}
+%<en>\subsection{Primitives for Compatibility}
+%<ja>\subsection{互換プリミティブ}
The following primtives are implemented for compatibility with \pTeX:
\begin{list}{}{\def\makelabel{\ttfamily\char92 }}
\item[kuten]
\item[ucs]
\item[kansuji]
\end{list}
-\subsection{{\tt\char92 inhibitglue}}
+%<en>\subsection{{\tt\char92 inhibitglue} primitive}
+%<ja>\subsection{{\tt\char92 inhibitglue} プリミティブ}
The primitive \verb+\inhibitglue+ suppresses the insertion of \textbf{JAglue}.
The following is an example, using a special JFM that there will be a glue between
the beginning of a box and `あ', and also between `あ' and `ウ'.
\item The call of \verb+\inhibitglue+ in math mode is just ignored.
\end{itemize}
-\section{Control Sequences for \LaTeXe}
-\subsection{Patch for NFSS2}\label{ssub-nfsspat}
+%<en>\section{Control Sequences for \LaTeXe}
+%<ja>\section{\LaTeXe 用のコントロールシーケンス}
+%<en>\subsection{Patch for NFSS2}
+%<ja>\subsection{NFSS2 へのパッチ}
+\label{ssub-nfsspat}
As described in Subsection~\ref{ssec-ltx}, \LuaTeX-ja simply adopted
\texttt{plfonts.dtx} in \pLaTeXe\ for the Japanese patch for NFSS2.
For an convinience, we will describe
\end{LTXexample}
-\subsection{Cropmark/`tombow'}
+%<en>\subsection{Cropmark/`tombow'}
+%<ja>\subsection{トンボ}
-\section{Extensions}
+%<en>\section{Extensions}
+%<ja>\section{拡張}
\subsection{{\tt luatexja-fontspec.sty}}
\subsection{{\tt luatexja-otf.sty}}
\verb+'AJ1-xxx'+, which stands for the character
whose CID number in Adobe-Japan1 is \verb+xxx+.
-\part{Implementations}\label{part-imp}
-\section{Storing Parameters}\label{sec-para}
-\subsection{Used Dimensions, Attributes and whatsit nodes}
+%<en>\part{Implementations}
+%<ja>\part{実装}
+\label{part-imp}
+%<en>\section{Storing Parameters}
+%<ja>\section{パラメータの保持}
+\label{sec-para}
+%<en>\subsection{Used Dimensions, Attributes and whatsit nodes}
+%<ja>\subsection{ディメンション，アトリビュート，whatsit ノードを用いて}
Here the following is the list of dimension and attributes which are used in \LuaTeX-ja.
\begin{list}{}{%
\def\makelabel{\ttfamily}
\end{description}
These whatsits will be removed during the process of inserting \textbf{JAglue}s.
-\subsection{Stack System of \LuaTeX-ja}\label{ssec-stack}
+%<en>\subsection{Stack System of \LuaTeX-ja}
+%<ja>\subsection{\LuaTeX-ja のスタックシステム}
+\label{ssec-stack}
\paragraph{Background}
\LuaTeX-ja has its own stack system, and most parameters of \LuaTeX-ja
are stored in it. To clarify the reason, imagine the parameter
\hbox{\verb+\directlua{tex.globaldefs=0}+} (this assignment is local).
-\section{Linebreak after Japanese Character}\label{sec-lbreak}
-\subsection{Reference: Behavior in \pTeX}
+%<en>\section{Linebreak after Japanese Character}
+%<ja>\section{和文文字直後の改行}
+\label{sec-lbreak}
+%<en>\subsection{Reference: Behavior in \pTeX}
+%<ja>\subsection{参考: \pTeX の挙動}
%<*en>
In~\pTeX, a linebreak after a Japanese character doesn't emit a space,
since words are not separated by spaces in Japanese writings. However,
\end{figure}
-\subsection{Behavior in \LuaTeX-ja}
+%<en>\subsection{Behavior in \LuaTeX-ja}
+%<ja>\subsection{\LuaTeX-ja の挙動}
%<*en>
States in the input processoe of \LuaTeX\ is the same as that of \TeX,
and they can't be customized by any callbacks. Hence, we can only use
%</ja>
-\section{Insertion of JFM glues, \Param{kanjiskip} and \Param{xkanjiskip}}
-\subsection{Overview}
+%<en>\section{Insertion of JFM glues, \Param{kanjiskip} and \Param{xkanjiskip}}
+%<ja>\section{JFM グルーの挿入，\Param{kanjiskip} と \Param{xkanjiskip}}
+%<en>\subsection{Overview}
+%<ja>\subsection{概要}
%<*en>
NOT COMPLETED
%</en>
% \unitlength=10mm
% \end{figure}
-\subsection{Definition of a `cluster'}
+%<en>\subsection{Definition of a `cluster'}
+%<ja>\subsection{「クラスタ」の定義}
\begin{defn}
A \emph{cluster} is a list of nodes in one of the following forms, with the \textit{id} of it:
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