2 * Based on arch/arm/kernel/traps.c
4 * Copyright (C) 1995-2009 Russell King
5 * Copyright (C) 2012 ARM Ltd.
7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
9 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
11 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 * GNU General Public License for more details.
16 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
20 #include <linux/bug.h>
21 #include <linux/signal.h>
22 #include <linux/personality.h>
23 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
24 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
25 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
26 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
27 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
28 #include <linux/module.h>
29 #include <linux/kexec.h>
30 #include <linux/delay.h>
31 #include <linux/init.h>
32 #include <linux/sched.h>
33 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
35 #include <asm/atomic.h>
36 #include <asm/barrier.h>
38 #include <asm/debug-monitors.h>
41 #include <asm/traps.h>
42 #include <asm/stack_pointer.h>
43 #include <asm/stacktrace.h>
44 #include <asm/exception.h>
45 #include <asm/system_misc.h>
49 #include <trace/events/exception.h>
51 static const char *handler[]= {
58 int show_unhandled_signals = 0;
61 * Dump out the contents of some memory nicely...
63 static void dump_mem(const char *lvl, const char *str, unsigned long bottom,
64 unsigned long top, bool compat)
69 unsigned int width = compat ? 4 : 8;
72 * We need to switch to kernel mode so that we can use __get_user
73 * to safely read from kernel space.
78 printk("%s%s(0x%016lx to 0x%016lx)\n", lvl, str, bottom, top);
80 for (first = bottom & ~31; first < top; first += 32) {
82 char str[sizeof(" 12345678") * 8 + 1];
84 memset(str, ' ', sizeof(str));
85 str[sizeof(str) - 1] = '\0';
87 for (p = first, i = 0; i < (32 / width)
88 && p < top; i++, p += width) {
89 if (p >= bottom && p < top) {
93 if (__get_user(val, (unsigned long *)p) == 0)
94 sprintf(str + i * 17, " %016lx", val);
96 sprintf(str + i * 17, " ????????????????");
98 if (__get_user(val, (unsigned int *)p) == 0)
99 sprintf(str + i * 9, " %08lx", val);
101 sprintf(str + i * 9, " ????????");
105 printk("%s%04lx:%s\n", lvl, first & 0xffff, str);
111 static void dump_backtrace_entry(unsigned long where)
114 * Note that 'where' can have a physical address, but it's not handled.
119 static void __dump_instr(const char *lvl, struct pt_regs *regs)
121 unsigned long addr = instruction_pointer(regs);
122 char str[sizeof("00000000 ") * 5 + 2 + 1], *p = str;
125 for (i = -4; i < 1; i++) {
126 unsigned int val, bad;
128 bad = get_user(val, &((u32 *)addr)[i]);
131 p += sprintf(p, i == 0 ? "(%08x) " : "%08x ", val);
133 p += sprintf(p, "bad PC value");
137 printk("%sCode: %s\n", lvl, str);
140 static void dump_instr(const char *lvl, struct pt_regs *regs)
142 if (!user_mode(regs)) {
143 mm_segment_t fs = get_fs();
145 __dump_instr(lvl, regs);
148 __dump_instr(lvl, regs);
152 static void dump_backtrace(struct pt_regs *regs, struct task_struct *tsk)
154 struct stackframe frame;
155 unsigned long irq_stack_ptr;
158 pr_debug("%s(regs = %pK tsk = %pK)\n", __func__, regs, tsk);
163 if (!try_get_task_stack(tsk))
167 * Switching between stacks is valid when tracing current and in
168 * non-preemptible context.
170 if (tsk == current && !preemptible())
171 irq_stack_ptr = IRQ_STACK_PTR(smp_processor_id());
175 pr_debug("%s(regs = %p tsk = %p)\n", __func__, regs, tsk);
180 if (tsk == current) {
181 frame.fp = (unsigned long)__builtin_frame_address(0);
182 frame.sp = current_stack_pointer;
183 frame.pc = (unsigned long)dump_backtrace;
186 * task blocked in __switch_to
188 frame.fp = thread_saved_fp(tsk);
189 frame.sp = thread_saved_sp(tsk);
190 frame.pc = thread_saved_pc(tsk);
192 #ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
193 frame.graph = tsk->curr_ret_stack;
197 printk("Call trace:\n");
199 unsigned long where = frame.pc;
203 /* skip until specified stack frame */
205 dump_backtrace_entry(where);
206 } else if (frame.fp == regs->regs[29]) {
209 * Mostly, this is the case where this function is
210 * called in panic/abort. As exception handler's
211 * stack frame does not contain the corresponding pc
212 * at which an exception has taken place, use regs->pc
215 dump_backtrace_entry(regs->pc);
217 ret = unwind_frame(tsk, &frame);
221 if (in_exception_text(where)) {
223 * If we switched to the irq_stack before calling this
224 * exception handler, then the pt_regs will be on the
225 * task stack. The easiest way to tell is if the large
226 * pt_regs would overlap with the end of the irq_stack.
228 if (stack < irq_stack_ptr &&
229 (stack + sizeof(struct pt_regs)) > irq_stack_ptr)
230 stack = IRQ_STACK_TO_TASK_STACK(irq_stack_ptr);
232 dump_mem("", "Exception stack", stack,
233 stack + sizeof(struct pt_regs), false);
240 void show_stack(struct task_struct *tsk, unsigned long *sp)
242 dump_backtrace(NULL, tsk);
246 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
247 #define S_PREEMPT " PREEMPT"
253 static int __die(const char *str, int err, struct pt_regs *regs)
255 struct task_struct *tsk = current;
256 static int die_counter;
259 pr_emerg("Internal error: %s: %x [#%d]" S_PREEMPT S_SMP "\n",
260 str, err, ++die_counter);
262 /* trap and error numbers are mostly meaningless on ARM */
263 ret = notify_die(DIE_OOPS, str, regs, err, 0, SIGSEGV);
264 if (ret == NOTIFY_STOP)
269 pr_emerg("Process %.*s (pid: %d, stack limit = 0x%p)\n",
270 TASK_COMM_LEN, tsk->comm, task_pid_nr(tsk),
273 if (!user_mode(regs) || in_interrupt()) {
274 dump_backtrace(regs, tsk);
275 dump_instr(KERN_EMERG, regs);
281 static arch_spinlock_t die_lock = __ARCH_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
282 static int die_owner = -1;
283 static unsigned int die_nest_count;
285 static unsigned long oops_begin(void)
292 /* racy, but better than risking deadlock. */
293 raw_local_irq_save(flags);
294 cpu = smp_processor_id();
295 if (!arch_spin_trylock(&die_lock)) {
296 if (cpu == die_owner)
297 /* nested oops. should stop eventually */;
299 arch_spin_lock(&die_lock);
308 static void oops_end(unsigned long flags, struct pt_regs *regs, int notify)
310 if (regs && kexec_should_crash(current))
315 add_taint(TAINT_DIE, LOCKDEP_NOW_UNRELIABLE);
318 /* Nest count reaches zero, release the lock. */
319 arch_spin_unlock(&die_lock);
320 raw_local_irq_restore(flags);
324 panic("Fatal exception in interrupt");
326 panic("Fatal exception");
327 if (notify != NOTIFY_STOP)
332 * This function is protected against re-entrancy.
334 void die(const char *str, struct pt_regs *regs, int err)
336 enum bug_trap_type bug_type = BUG_TRAP_TYPE_NONE;
337 unsigned long flags = oops_begin();
340 if (!user_mode(regs))
341 bug_type = report_bug(regs->pc, regs);
342 if (bug_type != BUG_TRAP_TYPE_NONE)
345 ret = __die(str, err, regs);
347 oops_end(flags, regs, ret);
350 void arm64_notify_die(const char *str, struct pt_regs *regs,
351 struct siginfo *info, int err)
353 if (user_mode(regs)) {
354 current->thread.fault_address = 0;
355 current->thread.fault_code = err;
356 force_sig_info(info->si_signo, info, current);
362 static LIST_HEAD(undef_hook);
363 static DEFINE_RAW_SPINLOCK(undef_lock);
365 void register_undef_hook(struct undef_hook *hook)
369 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&undef_lock, flags);
370 list_add(&hook->node, &undef_hook);
371 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&undef_lock, flags);
374 void unregister_undef_hook(struct undef_hook *hook)
378 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&undef_lock, flags);
379 list_del(&hook->node);
380 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&undef_lock, flags);
383 static int call_undef_hook(struct pt_regs *regs)
385 struct undef_hook *hook;
388 int (*fn)(struct pt_regs *regs, u32 instr) = NULL;
389 void __user *pc = (void __user *)instruction_pointer(regs);
391 if (!user_mode(regs))
394 if (compat_thumb_mode(regs)) {
395 /* 16-bit Thumb instruction */
396 if (get_user(instr, (u16 __user *)pc))
398 instr = le16_to_cpu(instr);
399 if (aarch32_insn_is_wide(instr)) {
402 if (get_user(instr2, (u16 __user *)(pc + 2)))
404 instr2 = le16_to_cpu(instr2);
405 instr = (instr << 16) | instr2;
408 /* 32-bit ARM instruction */
409 if (get_user(instr, (u32 __user *)pc))
411 instr = le32_to_cpu(instr);
414 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&undef_lock, flags);
415 list_for_each_entry(hook, &undef_hook, node)
416 if ((instr & hook->instr_mask) == hook->instr_val &&
417 (regs->pstate & hook->pstate_mask) == hook->pstate_val)
420 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&undef_lock, flags);
422 return fn ? fn(regs, instr) : 1;
425 asmlinkage void __exception do_undefinstr(struct pt_regs *regs)
428 void __user *pc = (void __user *)instruction_pointer(regs);
430 /* check for AArch32 breakpoint instructions */
431 if (!aarch32_break_handler(regs))
434 if (call_undef_hook(regs) == 0)
437 trace_undef_instr(regs, (void *)pc);
439 if (unhandled_signal(current, SIGILL) && show_unhandled_signals_ratelimited()) {
440 pr_info("%s[%d]: undefined instruction: pc=%p\n",
441 current->comm, task_pid_nr(current), pc);
442 dump_instr(KERN_INFO, regs);
445 info.si_signo = SIGILL;
447 info.si_code = ILL_ILLOPC;
450 arm64_notify_die("Oops - undefined instruction", regs, &info, 0);
453 static void cntvct_read_handler(unsigned int esr, struct pt_regs *regs)
455 int rt = (esr & ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_RT_MASK) >> ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_RT_SHIFT;
459 regs->regs[rt] = arch_counter_get_cntvct();
463 static void cntfrq_read_handler(unsigned int esr, struct pt_regs *regs)
465 int rt = (esr & ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_RT_MASK) >> ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_RT_SHIFT;
468 regs->regs[rt] = read_sysreg(cntfrq_el0);
472 asmlinkage void __exception do_sysinstr(unsigned int esr, struct pt_regs *regs)
474 if ((esr & ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_SYS_OP_MASK) == ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_SYS_CNTVCT) {
475 cntvct_read_handler(esr, regs);
477 } else if ((esr & ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_SYS_OP_MASK) == ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_SYS_CNTFRQ) {
478 cntfrq_read_handler(esr, regs);
485 long compat_arm_syscall(struct pt_regs *regs);
487 asmlinkage long do_ni_syscall(struct pt_regs *regs)
491 if (is_compat_task()) {
492 ret = compat_arm_syscall(regs);
498 if (show_unhandled_signals_ratelimited()) {
499 pr_info("%s[%d]: syscall %d\n", current->comm,
500 task_pid_nr(current), (int)regs->syscallno);
501 dump_instr("", regs);
506 return sys_ni_syscall();
509 static const char *esr_class_str[] = {
510 [0 ... ESR_ELx_EC_MAX] = "UNRECOGNIZED EC",
511 [ESR_ELx_EC_UNKNOWN] = "Unknown/Uncategorized",
512 [ESR_ELx_EC_WFx] = "WFI/WFE",
513 [ESR_ELx_EC_CP15_32] = "CP15 MCR/MRC",
514 [ESR_ELx_EC_CP15_64] = "CP15 MCRR/MRRC",
515 [ESR_ELx_EC_CP14_MR] = "CP14 MCR/MRC",
516 [ESR_ELx_EC_CP14_LS] = "CP14 LDC/STC",
517 [ESR_ELx_EC_FP_ASIMD] = "ASIMD",
518 [ESR_ELx_EC_CP10_ID] = "CP10 MRC/VMRS",
519 [ESR_ELx_EC_CP14_64] = "CP14 MCRR/MRRC",
520 [ESR_ELx_EC_ILL] = "PSTATE.IL",
521 [ESR_ELx_EC_SVC32] = "SVC (AArch32)",
522 [ESR_ELx_EC_HVC32] = "HVC (AArch32)",
523 [ESR_ELx_EC_SMC32] = "SMC (AArch32)",
524 [ESR_ELx_EC_SVC64] = "SVC (AArch64)",
525 [ESR_ELx_EC_HVC64] = "HVC (AArch64)",
526 [ESR_ELx_EC_SMC64] = "SMC (AArch64)",
527 [ESR_ELx_EC_SYS64] = "MSR/MRS (AArch64)",
528 [ESR_ELx_EC_IMP_DEF] = "EL3 IMP DEF",
529 [ESR_ELx_EC_IABT_LOW] = "IABT (lower EL)",
530 [ESR_ELx_EC_IABT_CUR] = "IABT (current EL)",
531 [ESR_ELx_EC_PC_ALIGN] = "PC Alignment",
532 [ESR_ELx_EC_DABT_LOW] = "DABT (lower EL)",
533 [ESR_ELx_EC_DABT_CUR] = "DABT (current EL)",
534 [ESR_ELx_EC_SP_ALIGN] = "SP Alignment",
535 [ESR_ELx_EC_FP_EXC32] = "FP (AArch32)",
536 [ESR_ELx_EC_FP_EXC64] = "FP (AArch64)",
537 [ESR_ELx_EC_SERROR] = "SError",
538 [ESR_ELx_EC_BREAKPT_LOW] = "Breakpoint (lower EL)",
539 [ESR_ELx_EC_BREAKPT_CUR] = "Breakpoint (current EL)",
540 [ESR_ELx_EC_SOFTSTP_LOW] = "Software Step (lower EL)",
541 [ESR_ELx_EC_SOFTSTP_CUR] = "Software Step (current EL)",
542 [ESR_ELx_EC_WATCHPT_LOW] = "Watchpoint (lower EL)",
543 [ESR_ELx_EC_WATCHPT_CUR] = "Watchpoint (current EL)",
544 [ESR_ELx_EC_BKPT32] = "BKPT (AArch32)",
545 [ESR_ELx_EC_VECTOR32] = "Vector catch (AArch32)",
546 [ESR_ELx_EC_BRK64] = "BRK (AArch64)",
549 const char *esr_get_class_string(u32 esr)
551 return esr_class_str[ESR_ELx_EC(esr)];
555 * bad_mode handles the impossible case in the exception vector. This is always
558 asmlinkage void bad_mode(struct pt_regs *regs, int reason, unsigned int esr)
562 pr_crit("Bad mode in %s handler detected, code 0x%08x -- %s\n",
563 handler[reason], esr, esr_get_class_string(esr));
565 if (esr >> ESR_ELx_EC_SHIFT == ESR_ELx_EC_SERROR) {
566 pr_crit("System error detected. ESR.ISS = %08x\n",
568 arm64_check_cache_ecc(NULL);
576 * bad_el0_sync handles unexpected, but potentially recoverable synchronous
577 * exceptions taken from EL0. Unlike bad_mode, this returns.
579 asmlinkage void bad_el0_sync(struct pt_regs *regs, int reason, unsigned int esr)
582 void __user *pc = (void __user *)instruction_pointer(regs);
585 pr_crit("Bad EL0 synchronous exception detected on CPU%d, code 0x%08x -- %s\n",
586 smp_processor_id(), esr, esr_get_class_string(esr));
589 info.si_signo = SIGILL;
591 info.si_code = ILL_ILLOPC;
594 current->thread.fault_address = 0;
595 current->thread.fault_code = 0;
597 force_sig_info(info.si_signo, &info, current);
600 void __pte_error(const char *file, int line, unsigned long val)
602 pr_err("%s:%d: bad pte %016lx.\n", file, line, val);
605 void __pmd_error(const char *file, int line, unsigned long val)
607 pr_err("%s:%d: bad pmd %016lx.\n", file, line, val);
610 void __pud_error(const char *file, int line, unsigned long val)
612 pr_err("%s:%d: bad pud %016lx.\n", file, line, val);
615 void __pgd_error(const char *file, int line, unsigned long val)
617 pr_err("%s:%d: bad pgd %016lx.\n", file, line, val);
620 /* GENERIC_BUG traps */
622 int is_valid_bugaddr(unsigned long addr)
625 * bug_handler() only called for BRK #BUG_BRK_IMM.
626 * So the answer is trivial -- any spurious instances with no
627 * bug table entry will be rejected by report_bug() and passed
628 * back to the debug-monitors code and handled as a fatal
629 * unexpected debug exception.
634 static int bug_handler(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned int esr)
637 return DBG_HOOK_ERROR;
639 switch (report_bug(regs->pc, regs)) {
640 case BUG_TRAP_TYPE_BUG:
641 die("Oops - BUG", regs, 0);
644 case BUG_TRAP_TYPE_WARN:
645 /* Ideally, report_bug() should backtrace for us... but no. */
646 dump_backtrace(regs, NULL);
650 /* unknown/unrecognised bug trap type */
651 return DBG_HOOK_ERROR;
654 /* If thread survives, skip over the BUG instruction and continue: */
655 regs->pc += AARCH64_INSN_SIZE; /* skip BRK and resume */
656 return DBG_HOOK_HANDLED;
659 static struct break_hook bug_break_hook = {
660 .esr_val = 0xf2000000 | BUG_BRK_IMM,
661 .esr_mask = 0xffffffff,
666 * Initial handler for AArch64 BRK exceptions
667 * This handler only used until debug_traps_init().
669 int __init early_brk64(unsigned long addr, unsigned int esr,
670 struct pt_regs *regs)
672 return bug_handler(regs, esr) != DBG_HOOK_HANDLED;
675 /* This registration must happen early, before debug_traps_init(). */
676 void __init trap_init(void)
678 register_break_hook(&bug_break_hook);