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10 <title>civRights2</title>
13 <h2>Civil Rights #2</h2>
18 <li>Who are you protected from?</li>
20 <li>How are you supposed to do anything about it?</li>
22 <li>Why do protections grow and shrink?</li>
24 <li>Rights of women</li>
26 <li>Rights of disabled people</li>
28 <li>Native Americans</li>
31 <h2>Who are you protected from?</h2>
34 <li>"State government" under 14th Amendment</li>
36 <li style="list-style: none">
38 <li>Sex/race, not age!</li>
40 <li>People who act "on behalf" of state government</li>
45 <h2>Who are you protected from?</h2>
48 <li>"State government" under 14th Amendment</li>
50 <li style="list-style: none">
52 <li>Sex/race, not age!</li>
54 <li>People who act "on behalf" of state government</li>
58 <li>Federal Government Contractors</li>
61 <h2>Who are you protected from?</h2>
64 <li>"State government" under 14th Amendment</li>
66 <li style="list-style: none">
68 <li>Sex/race, not age!</li>
70 <li>People who act "on behalf" of state government</li>
74 <li>Federal Government Contractors</li>
76 <li>Anybody Congress can regulate under the commerce clause</li>
78 <li style="list-style: none">
80 <li>Civil Rights Acts (1866, 1964, 1991)</li>
85 <h2>How are rules enforced?</h2>
88 <li>Criminal prosecution</li>
91 <h2>How are rules enforced?</h2>
94 <li>Criminal prosecution</li>
96 <li>EEOC complaint</li>
98 <li style="list-style: none">
100 <li>Lawsuit for back pay and reinstatement</li>
102 <li>Affirmative Action order.</li>
107 <h2>How are rules enforced?</h2>
110 <li>Criminal prosecution</li>
112 <li>EEOC complaint</li>
114 <li style="list-style: none">
116 <li>Lawsuit for back pay and reinstatement</li>
118 <li>Affirmative Action order.</li>
122 <li>Private lawsuit--financial compensation</li>
125 <h2>What about Affirmative Action?</h2>
131 <h2>What about Affirmative Action?</h2>
136 <li>reverse discrimination</li>
139 <h2>What about Affirmative Action?</h2>
144 <li>reverse discrimination</li>
146 <li>diversity policy and the University</li>
148 <li style="list-style: none">
150 <li>Bakke's lawsuit & followups</li>
154 <li>diversity in government contracting: quotas?</li>
157 <h2>Why do protections grow and shrink?</h2>
160 <li>Courts have limited government intervention in society</li>
162 <li>Is protest necessary?</li>
164 <li style="list-style: none">
166 <li> Need to "get attention"</li>
168 <li>Maybe if you don't have a good lawyer...</li>
172 <li>Terrorism/violence usually "counter productive"</li>
175 <h2>Racial Minorities</h2>
178 <li>14th shrank in response to Court decisions and politics</li>
180 <li>Some protections won through legal action</li>
182 <li>Biggest protections result from nonviolent action</li>
185 <h2>Rights of Women</h2>
188 <li>Long era of "protectionism"</li>
191 <h2>Rights of Women</h2>
194 <li>Long era of "protectionism"</li>
196 <li>excluded from many professions</li>
199 <h2>Rights of Women</h2>
202 <li>Long era of "protectionism"</li>
204 <li>excluded from many professions</li>
206 <li>couldn't vote</li>
208 <li>own property</li>
211 <h2>Equal Rights Amendments</h2>
214 <li>Remember the 14th Amendment?</li>
217 <h2>Equal Rights Amendments</h2>
220 <li>Remember the 14th Amendment?</li>
222 <li>ERA proposed by Congress 1972. Failed.</li>
225 <h2>Equal Rights Amendments</h2>
228 <li>Remember the 14th Amendment?</li>
230 <li>ERA proposed by Congress 1972. Failed.</li>
232 <li>1970s: Revival of 14th for women.</li>
234 <li style="list-style: none">
236 <li>Sexual classifications no longer allowed by State without
237 persuasive justification</li>
242 <h2>Women in the Labor Force</h2>
245 <li>Why do women earn less?</li>
247 <li style="list-style: none">
253 <li>Discrimination</li>
258 <h2>Women in the Labor Force</h2>
261 <li>Why do women earn less?</li>
263 <li style="list-style: none">
269 <li>Discrimination</li>
273 <li>1964 CRA included "sex" but...</li>
275 <li>EEOC initially refused to pursue sex discrimination
279 <h2>Women in the Labor Force</h2>
282 <li>Why do women earn less?</li>
284 <li style="list-style: none">
290 <li>Discrimination</li>
294 <li>1964 CRA included "sex" but...</li>
296 <li>EEOC initially refused to pursue sex discrimination
299 <li>1991 CRA: restated 1866 CRA right to sue for $ damages for
300 discrimination or sexual harassment.</li>
303 <h2>Higher Education</h2>
306 <li>Higher Educ. Act, Title IX (1972) Prohibit sex
307 discrimination in fed. funded programs</li>
309 <li>Rising emphasis on women's athletics</li>
311 <li>Backlash in some states (California, Texas)</li>
314 <h2>Rights of disabled people</h2>
317 <li>1973 Federal law prohibited discrimination by federal
320 <li style="list-style: none">
322 <li>must not discriminate against an otherwise qualified person
323 solely by reason of handicap</li>
328 <h2>Rights of disabled people</h2>
331 <li>1973 Federal law prohibited discrimination by federal
334 <li style="list-style: none">
336 <li>must not discriminate against an otherwise qualified person
337 solely by reason of handicap</li>
341 <li>1990 Americans with Disabilities Act</li>
343 <li style="list-style: none">
345 <li>extends protection to businesses and public accommodations
346 (commerce clause)</li>
348 <li>requires reasonable accommodation</li>
353 <h2>Politics and Native American Rights</h2>
356 <li>Battle on 2 fronts</li>
358 <li style="list-style: none">
360 <li>Tribal autonomy & relations with US/BIA</li>
362 <li>Opportunities within "mainstream" US</li>
366 <li>State Government and the 14th amendment</li>
368 <li style="list-style: none">
370 <li>Complicated peyote story</li>