1 # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
2 # Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 # This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
4 # FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
9 "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
10 "POT-Creation-Date: 2012-05-01 04:38+0900\n"
11 "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
12 "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
13 "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
16 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
17 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
20 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:5
26 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:5
32 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:5 build/C/man3/queue.3:37
38 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:5 build/C/man3/addseverity.3:6 build/C/man3/argz_add.3:6 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:25 build/C/man3/basename.3:25 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:6 build/C/man3/ftok.3:27 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:26 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:26 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:21 build/C/man3/queue.3:37 build/C/man3/realpath.3:26 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:26 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:9
40 msgid "Linux Programmer's Manual"
44 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:6 build/C/man3/addseverity.3:7 build/C/man3/argz_add.3:7 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:26 build/C/man3/basename.3:26 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:7 build/C/man3/ftok.3:28 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:27 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:27 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:22 build/C/man3/queue.3:38 build/C/man3/realpath.3:27 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:27 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:10
50 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:8
51 msgid "__setfpucw - set FPU control word on i386 architecture (obsolete)"
55 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:8 build/C/man3/addseverity.3:9 build/C/man3/argz_add.3:11 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:29 build/C/man3/basename.3:28 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:10 build/C/man3/ftok.3:30 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:29 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:29 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:25 build/C/man3/queue.3:46 build/C/man3/realpath.3:29 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:29 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:12
61 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:10
62 msgid "B<#include E<lt>i386/fpu_control.hE<gt>>"
66 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:12
67 msgid "B<void __setfpucw(unsigned short >I<control_word>B<);>"
71 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:12 build/C/man3/addseverity.3:24 build/C/man3/argz_add.3:53 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:48 build/C/man3/basename.3:36 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:33 build/C/man3/ftok.3:37 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:45 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:35 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:33 build/C/man3/queue.3:84 build/C/man3/realpath.3:49 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:48 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:20
77 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:19
79 "B<__setfpucw>() transfers I<control_word> to the registers of the FPU "
80 "(floating-point unit) on the i386 architecture. This was used to control "
81 "floating-point precision, rounding and floating-point exceptions."
85 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:19 build/C/man3/addseverity.3:57 build/C/man3/argz_add.3:198 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:139 build/C/man3/basename.3:125 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:113 build/C/man3/ftok.3:68 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:82 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:58 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:53 build/C/man3/queue.3:483 build/C/man3/realpath.3:135 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:81
91 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:21
92 msgid "This function was a nonstandard GNU extension."
96 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:21 build/C/man3/addseverity.3:64 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:141 build/C/man3/basename.3:127 build/C/man3/ftok.3:70 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:87 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:56 build/C/man3/realpath.3:142 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:86
102 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:39
104 "As of glibc 2.1 this function does not exist anymore. There are new "
105 "functions from C99, with prototypes in I<E<lt>fenv.hE<gt>>, to control FPU "
106 "rounding modes, like I<fegetround>, I<fesetround>, and the floating-point "
107 "environment, like I<fegetenv>, I<feholdexcept>, I<fesetenv>, I<feupdateenv> "
108 "and FPU exception handling, like I<feclearexcept>, I<fegetexceptflag>, "
109 "I<feraiseexcept>, I<fesetexceptflag>, I<fetestexcept>."
113 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:47
115 "If direct access to the FPU control word is still needed, the B<_FPU_GETCW> "
116 "and B<_FPU_SETCW> macros from I<E<lt>fpu_control.hE<gt>> can be used."
120 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:47 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:163 build/C/man3/basename.3:160 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:116 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:60
126 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:49
127 msgid "B<__setfpucw(0x1372)>"
131 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:51
132 msgid "Set FPU control word on the i386 architecture to"
136 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:53
138 msgid " - extended precision\n"
142 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:55
144 msgid " - rounding to nearest\n"
148 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:57
150 msgid " - exceptions on overflow, zero divide and NaN\n"
154 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:57 build/C/man3/addseverity.3:67 build/C/man3/argz_add.3:204 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:247 build/C/man3/basename.3:173 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:138 build/C/man3/ftok.3:99 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:124 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:60 build/C/man3/realpath.3:209 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:117 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:68
160 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:59
161 msgid "B<feclearexcept>(3)"
165 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:61
166 msgid "I<E<lt>fpu_control.hE<gt>>"
170 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:61 build/C/man3/addseverity.3:69 build/C/man3/argz_add.3:206 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:252 build/C/man3/basename.3:176 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:140 build/C/man3/ftok.3:105 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:127 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:100 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:62 build/C/man3/queue.3:489 build/C/man3/realpath.3:215 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:120 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:70
176 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:68 build/C/man3/addseverity.3:76 build/C/man3/argz_add.3:213 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:259 build/C/man3/basename.3:183 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:147 build/C/man3/ftok.3:112 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:134 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:107 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:69 build/C/man3/queue.3:496 build/C/man3/realpath.3:222 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:127 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:77
178 "This page is part of release 3.40 of the Linux I<man-pages> project. A "
179 "description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can be "
180 "found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/."
184 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:6
190 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:6 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:25
196 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:6 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:25 build/C/man3/basename.3:25 build/C/man3/ftok.3:27 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:26 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:21
202 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:9
203 msgid "addseverity - introduce new severity classes"
207 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:13
209 msgid "B<#include E<lt>fmtmsg.hE<gt>>\n"
213 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:15
215 msgid "B<int addseverity(int >I<severity>B<, const char *>I<s>B<);>\n"
219 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:20 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:41 build/C/man3/realpath.3:40 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:41
220 msgid "Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see B<feature_test_macros>(7)):"
224 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:24
225 msgid "B<addseverity>(): _SVID_SOURCE"
229 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:46
231 "This function allows the introduction of new severity classes which can be "
232 "addressed by the I<severity> argument of the B<fmtmsg>(3) function. By "
233 "default that latter function only knows how to print messages for severity "
234 "0-4 (with strings (none), HALT, ERROR, WARNING, INFO). This call attaches "
235 "the given string I<s> to the given value I<severity>. If I<s> is NULL, the "
236 "severity class with the numeric value I<severity> is removed. It is not "
237 "possible to overwrite or remove one of the default severity classes. The "
238 "severity value must be nonnegative."
242 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:46 build/C/man3/argz_add.3:194 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:114 build/C/man3/basename.3:117 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:109 build/C/man3/ftok.3:59 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:80 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:51 build/C/man3/realpath.3:89 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:71 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:57
248 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:54
250 "Upon success, the value B<MM_OK> is returned. Upon error, the return value "
251 "is B<MM_NOTOK>. Possible errors include: out of memory, attempt to remove a "
252 "nonexistent or default severity class."
256 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:54 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:133 build/C/man3/realpath.3:133 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:63
262 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:57
263 msgid "B<addseverity>() is provided in glibc since version 2.1."
267 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:64
269 "This function is not specified in the X/Open Portability Guide although the "
270 "B<fmtmsg>(3) function is. It is available on System V systems."
274 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:67
276 "New severity classes can also be added by setting the environment variable "
281 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:69
286 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:6
292 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:6 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:6
298 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:11
300 "argz_add, argz_add_sep, argz_append, argz_count, argz_create, "
301 "argz_create_sep, argz_delete, argz_extract, argz_insert, argz_next, "
302 "argz_replace, argz_stringify - functions to handle an argz list"
306 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:14
308 msgid "B<#include E<lt>argz.hE<gt>>\n"
312 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:17
315 "B<error_t argz_add(char **>I<argz>B<, size_t *>I<argz_len>B<, const char "
320 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:19
322 msgid "B<error_t argz_add_sep(char **>I<argz>B<, size_t *>I<argz_len>B<,>\n"
326 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:21
328 msgid "B<const char *>I<str>B<, int >I<delim>B<);>\n"
332 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:23
334 msgid "B<error_t argz_append(char **>I<argz>B<, size_t *>I<argz_len>B<,>\n"
338 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:25
340 msgid "B<const char *>I<buf>B<, size_t >I<buf_len>B<);>\n"
344 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:27
346 msgid "B<size_t argz_count(const char *>I<argz>B<, size_t >I<argz_len>B<);>\n"
350 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:29
352 msgid "B<error_t argz_create(char * const >I<argv>B<[], char **>I<argz>B<,>\n"
356 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:31 build/C/man3/argz_add.3:35
358 msgid "B<size_t *>I<argz_len>B<);>\n"
362 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:33
365 "B<error_t argz_create_sep(const char *>I<str>B<, int >I<sep>B<, char "
370 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:37
373 "B<error_t argz_delete(char **>I<argz>B<, size_t *>I<argz_len>B<, char "
378 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:39
381 "B<void argz_extract(char *>I<argz>B<, size_t >I<argz_len>B<, char "
386 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:41
389 "B<error_t argz_insert(char **>I<argz>B<, size_t *>I<argz_len>B<, char "
394 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:43
396 msgid "B<const char *>I<entry>B<);>\n"
400 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:45
403 "B<char *argz_next(char *>I<argz>B<, size_t >I<argz_len>B<, const char "
408 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:48
411 "B<error_t argz_replace(char **>I<argz>B<, size_t *>I<argz_len>B<, const char "
416 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:50
418 msgid "B<const char *>I<with>B<, unsigned int *>I<replace_count>B<);>\n"
422 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:52
424 msgid "B<void argz_stringify(char *>I<argz>B<, size_t >I<len>B<, int >I<sep>B<);>\n"
428 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:55 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:35
429 msgid "These functions are glibc-specific."
433 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:60
435 "An argz vector is a pointer to a character buffer together with a length. "
436 "The intended interpretation of the character buffer is an array of strings, "
437 "where the strings are separated by null bytes (\\(aq\\e0\\(aq). If the "
438 "length is nonzero, the last byte of the buffer must be a null byte."
442 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:69
444 "These functions are for handling argz vectors. The pair (NULL,0) is an argz "
445 "vector, and, conversely, argz vectors of length 0 must have NULL pointer. "
446 "Allocation of nonempty argz vectors is done using B<malloc>(3), so that "
447 "B<free>(3) can be used to dispose of them again."
451 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:79
453 "B<argz_add>() adds the string I<str> at the end of the array I<*argz>, and "
454 "updates I<*argz> and I<*argz_len>."
458 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:87
460 "B<argz_add_sep>() is similar, but splits the string I<str> into substrings "
461 "separated by the delimiter I<delim>. For example, one might use this on a "
462 "UNIX search path with delimiter \\(aq:\\(aq."
466 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:101
468 "B<argz_append>() appends the argz vector (I<buf>,\\ I<buf_len>) after "
469 "(I<*argz>,\\ I<*argz_len>) and updates I<*argz> and I<*argz_len>. (Thus, "
470 "I<*argz_len> will be increased by I<buf_len>.)"
474 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:106
476 "B<argz_count>() counts the number of strings, that is, the number of null "
477 "bytes (\\(aq\\e0\\(aq), in (I<argz>,\\ I<argz_len>)."
481 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:114
483 "B<argz_create>() converts a UNIX-style argument vector I<argv>, terminated "
484 "by I<(char *) 0>, into an argz vector (I<*argz>,\\ I<*argz_len>)."
488 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:122
490 "B<argz_create_sep>() converts the null-terminated string I<str> into an "
491 "argz vector (I<*argz>,\\ I<*argz_len>) by breaking it up at every "
492 "occurrence of the separator I<sep>."
496 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:132
498 "B<argz_delete>() removes the substring pointed to by I<entry> from the argz "
499 "vector (I<*argz>,\\ I<*argz_len>) and updates I<*argz> and I<*argz_len>."
503 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:147
505 "B<argz_extract>() is the opposite of B<argz_create>(). It takes the argz "
506 "vector (I<argz>,\\ I<argz_len>) and fills the array starting at I<argv> "
507 "with pointers to the substrings, and a final NULL, making a UNIX-style argv "
508 "vector. The array I<argv> must have room for "
509 "I<argz_count>(I<argz>,I<argz_len>) + 1 pointers."
513 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:166
515 "B<argz_insert>() is the opposite of B<argz_delete>(). It inserts the "
516 "argument I<entry> at position I<before> into the argz vector (I<*argz>,\\ "
517 "I<*argz_len>) and updates I<*argz> and I<*argz_len>. If I<before> is NULL, "
518 "then I<entry> will inserted at the end."
522 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:175
524 "B<argz_next>() is a function to step trough the argz vector. If I<entry> "
525 "is NULL, the first entry is returned. Otherwise, the entry following is "
526 "returned. It returns NULL if there is no following entry."
530 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:187
532 "B<argz_replace>() replaces each occurrence of I<str> with I<with>, "
533 "reallocating argz as necessary. If I<replace_count> is non-NULL, "
534 "I<*replace_count> will be incremented by the number of replacements."
538 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:194
540 "B<argz_stringify>() is the opposite of B<argz_create_sep>(). It transforms "
541 "the argz vector into a normal string by replacing all null bytes "
542 "(\\(aq\\e0\\(aq) except the last by I<sep>."
546 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:198
548 "All argz functions that do memory allocation have a return type of "
549 "I<error_t>, and return 0 for success, and B<ENOMEM> if an allocation error "
554 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:201 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:116
555 msgid "These functions are a GNU extension. Handle with care."
559 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:201 build/C/man3/basename.3:152 build/C/man3/realpath.3:178 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:66
565 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:204
567 "Argz vectors without a terminating null byte may lead to Segmentation "
572 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:206
573 msgid "B<envz_add>(3)"
577 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:25
583 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:29
585 "backtrace, backtrace_symbols, backtrace_symbols_fd - support for application "
590 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:31
591 msgid "B<#include E<lt>execinfo.hE<gt>>"
595 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:36
596 msgid "B<int backtrace(void> B<**>I<buffer>B<,> B<int> I<size>B<);>"
600 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:41
602 "B<char **backtrace_symbols(void *const> B<*>I<buffer>B<,> B<int> "
607 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:48
609 "B<void backtrace_symbols_fd(void *const> B<*>I<buffer>B<,> B<int> "
610 "I<size>B<,> B<int> I<fd>B<);>"
614 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:74
616 "B<backtrace>() returns a backtrace for the calling program, in the array "
617 "pointed to by I<buffer>. A backtrace is the series of currently active "
618 "function calls for the program. Each item in the array pointed to by "
619 "I<buffer> is of type I<void *>, and is the return address from the "
620 "corresponding stack frame. The I<size> argument specifies the maximum "
621 "number of addresses that can be stored in I<buffer>. If the backtrace is "
622 "larger than I<size>, then the addresses corresponding to the I<size> most "
623 "recent function calls are returned; to obtain the complete backtrace, make "
624 "sure that I<buffer> and I<size> are large enough."
628 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:99
630 "Given the set of addresses returned by B<backtrace>() in I<buffer>, "
631 "B<backtrace_symbols>() translates the addresses into an array of strings "
632 "that describe the addresses symbolically. The I<size> argument specifies "
633 "the number of addresses in I<buffer>. The symbolic representation of each "
634 "address consists of the function name (if this can be determined), a "
635 "hexadecimal offset into the function, and the actual return address (in "
636 "hexadecimal). The address of the array of string pointers is returned as "
637 "the function result of B<backtrace_symbols>(). This array is B<malloc>(3)ed "
638 "by B<backtrace_symbols>(), and must be freed by the caller. (The strings "
639 "pointed to by the array of pointers need not and should not be freed.)"
643 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:114
645 "B<backtrace_symbols_fd>() takes the same I<buffer> and I<size> arguments as "
646 "B<backtrace_symbols>(), but instead of returning an array of strings to the "
647 "caller, it writes the strings, one per line, to the file descriptor I<fd>. "
648 "B<backtrace_symbols_fd>() does not call B<malloc>(3), and so can be "
649 "employed in situations where the latter function might fail."
653 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:126
655 "B<backtrace>() returns the number of addresses returned in I<buffer>, which "
656 "is not greater than I<size>. If the return value is less than I<size>, then "
657 "the full backtrace was stored; if it is equal to I<size>, then it may have "
658 "been truncated, in which case the addresses of the oldest stack frames are "
663 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:133
665 "On success, B<backtrace_symbols>() returns a pointer to the array "
666 "B<malloc>(3)ed by the call; on error, NULL is returned."
670 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:139
672 "B<backtrace>(), B<backtrace_symbols>(), and B<backtrace_symbols_fd>() are "
673 "provided in glibc since version 2.1."
677 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:141
678 msgid "These functions are GNU extensions."
682 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:145
684 "These functions make some assumptions about how a function's return address "
685 "is stored on the stack. Note the following:"
689 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:145 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:151 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:153 build/C/man3/queue.3:91 build/C/man3/queue.3:93 build/C/man3/queue.3:95 build/C/man3/queue.3:97 build/C/man3/queue.3:107 build/C/man3/queue.3:129 build/C/man3/queue.3:131 build/C/man3/queue.3:133
695 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:151
697 "Omission of the frame pointers (as implied by any of B<gcc>(1)'s nonzero "
698 "optimization levels) may cause these assumptions to be violated."
702 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:153
703 msgid "Inlined functions do not have stack frames."
707 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:155
708 msgid "Tail-call optimization causes one stack frame to replace another."
712 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:163
714 "The symbol names may be unavailable without the use of special linker "
715 "options. For systems using the GNU linker, it is necessary to use the "
716 "I<-rdynamic> linker option. Note that names of \"static\" functions are not "
717 "exposed, and won't be available in the backtrace."
721 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:170
723 "The program below demonstrates the use of B<backtrace>() and "
724 "B<backtrace_symbols>(). The following shell session shows what we might see "
725 "when running the program:"
729 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:184
732 "$B< cc -rdynamic prog.c -o prog>\n"
734 "backtrace() returned 8 addresses\n"
735 "\\&./prog(myfunc3+0x5c) [0x80487f0]\n"
736 "\\&./prog [0x8048871]\n"
737 "\\&./prog(myfunc+0x21) [0x8048894]\n"
738 "\\&./prog(myfunc+0x1a) [0x804888d]\n"
739 "\\&./prog(myfunc+0x1a) [0x804888d]\n"
740 "\\&./prog(main+0x65) [0x80488fb]\n"
741 "\\&/lib/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xdc) [0xb7e38f9c]\n"
742 "\\&./prog [0x8048711]\n"
746 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:186 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:71
748 msgid "Program source"
752 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:193
755 "#include E<lt>execinfo.hE<gt>\n"
756 "#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n"
757 "#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n"
758 "#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>\n"
762 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:201
770 " void *buffer[100];\n"
775 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:204
778 " nptrs = backtrace(buffer, SIZE);\n"
779 " printf(\"backtrace() returned %d addresses\\en\", nptrs);\n"
783 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:207
786 " /* The call backtrace_symbols_fd(buffer, nptrs, STDOUT_FILENO)\n"
787 " would produce similar output to the following: */\n"
791 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:213
794 " strings = backtrace_symbols(buffer, nptrs);\n"
795 " if (strings == NULL) {\n"
796 " perror(\"backtrace_symbols\");\n"
797 " exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
802 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:216
805 " for (j = 0; j E<lt> nptrs; j++)\n"
806 " printf(\"%s\\en\", strings[j]);\n"
810 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:219
818 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:225
821 "static void /* \"static\" means don\\(aqt export the symbol... */\n"
829 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:234
833 "myfunc(int ncalls)\n"
835 " if (ncalls E<gt> 1)\n"
836 " myfunc(ncalls - 1);\n"
843 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:242
847 "main(int argc, char *argv[])\n"
849 " if (argc != 2) {\n"
850 " fprintf(stderr, \"%s num-calls\\en\", argv[0]);\n"
851 " exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
856 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:246
859 " myfunc(atoi(argv[1]));\n"
860 " exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n"
865 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:252
866 msgid "B<gcc>(1), B<ld>(1), B<dlopen>(3), B<malloc>(3)"
870 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:25
876 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:25
882 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:28
883 msgid "basename, dirname - parse pathname components"
887 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:31
889 msgid "B<#include E<lt>libgen.hE<gt>>\n"
893 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:33
895 msgid "B<char *dirname(char *>I<path>B<);>\n"
899 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:35
901 msgid "B<char *basename(char *>I<path>B<);>\n"
905 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:40
906 msgid "Warning: there are two different functions B<basename>() - see below."
910 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:53
912 "The functions B<dirname>() and B<basename>() break a null-terminated "
913 "pathname string into directory and filename components. In the usual case, "
914 "B<dirname>() returns the string up to, but not including, the final "
915 "\\(aq/\\(aq, and B<basename>() returns the component following the final "
916 "\\(aq/\\(aq. Trailing \\(aq/\\(aq characters are not counted as part of the "
921 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:76
923 "If I<path> does not contain a slash, B<dirname>() returns the string \".\" "
924 "while B<basename>() returns a copy of I<path>. If I<path> is the string "
925 "\"/\", then both B<dirname>() and B<basename>() return the string \"/\". "
926 "If I<path> is a NULL pointer or points to an empty string, then both "
927 "B<dirname>() and B<basename>() return the string \".\"."
931 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:82
933 "Concatenating the string returned by B<dirname>(), a \"/\", and the string "
934 "returned by B<basename>() yields a complete pathname."
938 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:91
940 "Both B<dirname>() and B<basename>() may modify the contents of I<path>, so "
941 "it may be desirable to pass a copy when calling one of these functions."
945 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:100
947 "These functions may return pointers to statically allocated memory which may "
948 "be overwritten by subsequent calls. Alternatively, they may return a "
949 "pointer to some part of I<path>, so that the string referred to by I<path> "
950 "should not be modified or freed until the pointer returned by the function "
951 "is no longer required."
955 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:107
957 "The following list of examples (taken from SUSv2) shows the strings "
958 "returned by B<dirname>() and B<basename>() for different paths:"
962 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:116
965 "B<path dirname basename>\n"
966 "\"/usr/lib\" \"/usr\" \"lib\"\n"
967 "\"/usr/\" \"/\" \"usr\"\n"
968 "\"usr\" \".\" \"usr\"\n"
969 "\"/\" \"/\" \"/\"\n"
970 "\".\" \".\" \".\"\n"
971 "\"..\" \".\" \"..\"\n"
975 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:125
977 "Both B<dirname>() and B<basename>() return pointers to null-terminated "
978 "strings. (Do not pass these pointers to B<free>(3).)"
982 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:127 build/C/man3/ftok.3:70
983 msgid "POSIX.1-2001."
987 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:132
989 "There are two different versions of B<basename>() - the POSIX version "
990 "described above, and the GNU version, which one gets after"
994 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:136
996 msgid "B< #define _GNU_SOURCE> /* See feature_test_macros(7) */\n"
1000 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:138
1002 msgid "B<#include E<lt>string.hE<gt>>\n"
1006 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:146
1008 "The GNU version never modifies its argument, and returns the empty string "
1009 "when I<path> has a trailing slash, and in particular also when it is \"/\". "
1010 "There is no GNU version of B<dirname>()."
1014 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:152
1016 "With glibc, one gets the POSIX version of B<basename>() when "
1017 "I<E<lt>libgen.hE<gt>> is included, and the GNU version otherwise."
1021 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:160
1023 "In the glibc implementation of the POSIX versions of these functions they "
1024 "modify their argument, and segfault when called with a static string like "
1025 "\"/usr/\". Before glibc 2.2.1, the glibc version of B<dirname>() did not "
1026 "correctly handle pathnames with trailing \\(aq/\\(aq characters, and "
1027 "generated a segfault if given a NULL argument."
1031 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:165
1034 "char *dirc, *basec, *bname, *dname;\n"
1035 "char *path = \"/etc/passwd\";\n"
1039 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:171
1042 "dirc = strdup(path);\n"
1043 "basec = strdup(path);\n"
1044 "dname = dirname(dirc);\n"
1045 "bname = basename(basec);\n"
1046 "printf(\"dirname=%s, basename=%s\\en\", dname, bname);\n"
1050 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:176
1051 msgid "B<basename>(1), B<dirname>(1)"
1055 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:6
1061 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:10
1063 "envz_add, envz_entry, envz_get, envz_merge, envz_remove, envz_strip - "
1064 "environment string support"
1068 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:13
1070 msgid "B<#include E<lt>envz.hE<gt>>\n"
1074 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:15
1076 msgid "B<error_t envz_add(char **>I<envz>B<, size_t *>I<envz_len>B<,>\n"
1080 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:17
1082 msgid "B<const char *>I<name>B<, const char *>I<value>B<);>\n"
1086 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:20
1089 "B<char *envz_entry(const char *>I<envz>B<, size_t *>I<envz_len>B<, const "
1090 "char *>I<name>B<);>\n"
1094 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:23
1097 "B<char *envz_get(const char *>I<envz>B<, size_t *>I<envz_len>B<, const char "
1102 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:25
1104 msgid "B<error_t envz_merge(char **>I<envz>B<, size_t *>I<envz_len>B<,>\n"
1108 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:27
1110 msgid "B<const char *>I<envz2>B<, size_t >I<envz2_len>B<, int >I<override>B<);>\n"
1114 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:30
1117 "B<void envz_remove(char **>I<envz>B<, size_t *>I<envz_len>B<, const char "
1122 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:32
1124 msgid "B<void envz_strip(char **>I<envz>B<, size_t *>I<envz_len>B<);>\n"
1128 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:45
1130 "An argz vector is a pointer to a character buffer together with a length, "
1131 "see B<argz_add>(3). An envz vector is a special argz vector, namely one "
1132 "where the strings have the form \"name=value\". Everything after the first "
1133 "\\(aq=\\(aq is considered to be the value. If there is no \\(aq=\\(aq, the "
1134 "value is taken to be NULL. (While the value in case of a trailing "
1135 "\\(aq=\\(aq is the empty string \"\".)"
1139 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:47
1140 msgid "These functions are for handling envz vectors."
1144 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:66
1146 "B<envz_add>() adds the string \"I<name>=I<value>\" (in case I<value> is "
1147 "non-NULL) or \"I<name>\" (in case I<value> is NULL) to the envz vector "
1148 "(I<*envz>,\\ I<*envz_len>) and updates I<*envz> and I<*envz_len>. If an "
1149 "entry with the same I<name> existed, it is removed."
1153 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:73
1155 "B<envz_entry>() looks for I<name> in the envz vector (I<envz>,\\ "
1156 "I<envz_len>) and returns the entry if found, or NULL if not."
1160 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:84
1162 "B<envz_get>() looks for I<name> in the envz vector (I<envz>,\\ I<envz_len>) "
1163 "and returns the value if found, or NULL if not. (Note that the value can "
1164 "also be NULL, namely when there is an entry for I<name> without \\(aq=\\(aq "
1169 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:99
1171 "B<envz_merge>() adds each entry in I<envz2> to I<*envz>, as if with "
1172 "B<envz_add>(). If I<override> is true, then values in I<envz2> will "
1173 "supersede those with the same name in I<*envz>, otherwise not."
1177 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:106
1179 "B<envz_remove>() removes the entry for I<name> from (I<*envz>,\\ "
1180 "I<*envz_len>) if there was one."
1184 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:109
1185 msgid "B<envz_strip>() removes all entries with value NULL."
1189 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:113
1191 "All envz functions that do memory allocation have a return type of "
1192 "I<error_t>, and return 0 for success, and B<ENOMEM> if an allocation error "
1197 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:121
1200 "#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n"
1201 "#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n"
1202 "#include E<lt>envz.hE<gt>\n"
1206 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:127
1210 "main(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])\n"
1212 " int i, e_len = 0;\n"
1217 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:130
1220 " for (i = 0; envp[i] != NULL; i++)\n"
1221 " e_len += strlen(envp[i]) + 1;\n"
1225 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:137
1228 " str = envz_entry(*envp, e_len, \"HOME\");\n"
1229 " printf(\"%s\\en\", str);\n"
1230 " str = envz_get(*envp, e_len, \"HOME\");\n"
1231 " printf(\"%s\\en\", str);\n"
1232 " exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n"
1237 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:140
1238 msgid "B<argz_add>(3)"
1242 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:27
1248 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:27
1254 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:30
1255 msgid "ftok - convert a pathname and a project identifier to a System V IPC key"
1259 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:34
1262 "B<#include E<lt>sys/types.hE<gt>>\n"
1263 "B<#include E<lt>sys/ipc.hE<gt>>\n"
1267 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:37
1268 msgid "B<key_t ftok(const char *>I<pathname>B<, int >I<proj_id>B<);>"
1272 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:52
1274 "The B<ftok>() function uses the identity of the file named by the given "
1275 "I<pathname> (which must refer to an existing, accessible file) and the "
1276 "least significant 8 bits of I<proj_id> (which must be nonzero) to generate a "
1277 "I<key_t> type System V IPC key, suitable for use with B<msgget>(2), "
1278 "B<semget>(2), or B<shmget>(2)."
1282 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:59
1284 "The resulting value is the same for all pathnames that name the same file, "
1285 "when the same value of I<proj_id> is used. The value returned should be "
1286 "different when the (simultaneously existing) files or the project IDs "
1291 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:68
1293 "On success, the generated I<key_t> value is returned. On failure -1 is "
1294 "returned, with I<errno> indicating the error as for the B<stat>(2) system "
1299 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:72
1300 msgid "Under libc4 and libc5 (and under SunOS 4.x) the prototype was:"
1304 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:75
1305 msgid "B<key_t ftok(char *>I<pathname>B<, char >I<proj_id>B<);>"
1309 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:87
1311 "Today I<proj_id> is an I<int>, but still only 8 bits are used. Typical "
1312 "usage has an ASCII character I<proj_id>, that is why the behavior is said to "
1313 "be undefined when I<proj_id> is zero."
1317 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:99
1319 "Of course no guarantee can be given that the resulting I<key_t> is unique. "
1320 "Typically, a best effort attempt combines the given I<proj_id> byte, the "
1321 "lower 16 bits of the inode number, and the lower 8 bits of the device number "
1322 "into a 32-bit result. Collisions may easily happen, for example between "
1323 "files on I</dev/hda1> and files on I</dev/sda1>."
1327 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:105
1328 msgid "B<msgget>(2), B<semget>(2), B<shmget>(2), B<stat>(2), B<svipc>(7)"
1332 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:26
1338 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:26
1344 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:29
1345 msgid "longjmp, siglongjmp - nonlocal jump to a saved stack context"
1349 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:32
1351 msgid "B<#include E<lt>setjmp.hE<gt>>\n"
1355 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:34
1357 msgid "B<void longjmp(jmp_buf >I<env>B<, int >I<val>B<);>\n"
1361 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:36
1363 msgid "B<void siglongjmp(sigjmp_buf >I<env>B<, int >I<val>B<);>\n"
1367 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:45
1369 "B<siglongjmp>(): _POSIX_C_SOURCE\\ E<gt>=\\ 1 || _XOPEN_SOURCE || "
1374 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:67
1376 "B<longjmp>() and B<setjmp>(3) are useful for dealing with errors and "
1377 "interrupts encountered in a low-level subroutine of a program. B<longjmp>() "
1378 "restores the environment saved by the last call of B<setjmp>(3) with the "
1379 "corresponding I<env> argument. After B<longjmp>() is completed, program "
1380 "execution continues as if the corresponding call of B<setjmp>(3) had just "
1381 "returned the value I<val>. B<longjmp>() cannot cause 0 to be returned. If "
1382 "B<longjmp>() is invoked with a second argument of 0, 1 will be returned "
1387 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:80
1389 "B<siglongjmp>() is similar to B<longjmp>() except for the type of its "
1390 "I<env> argument. If, and only if, the B<sigsetjmp>(3) call that set this "
1391 "I<env> used a nonzero I<savesigs> flag, B<siglongjmp>() also restores the "
1392 "signal mask that was saved by B<sigsetjmp>(3)."
1396 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:82
1397 msgid "These functions never return."
1401 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:87
1403 "C89, C99, and POSIX.1-2001 specify B<longjmp>(). POSIX.1-2001 specifies "
1408 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:97
1410 "POSIX does not specify whether B<longjmp>() will restore the signal context "
1411 "(see B<setjmp>(3) for some more details). If you want to portably save and "
1412 "restore signal masks, use B<sigsetjmp>(3) and B<siglongjmp>()."
1416 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:101
1418 "The values of automatic variables are unspecified after a call to "
1419 "B<longjmp>() if they meet all the following criteria:"
1423 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:101 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:105 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:111
1429 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:105
1431 "they are local to the function that made the corresponding B<setjmp>(3) "
1436 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:111
1438 "their values are changed between the calls to B<setjmp>(3) and "
1443 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:114
1444 msgid "they are not declared as I<volatile>."
1448 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:117
1449 msgid "Analogous remarks apply for B<siglongjmp>()."
1453 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:124
1455 "B<longjmp>() and B<siglongjmp>() make programs hard to understand and "
1456 "maintain. If possible an alternative should be used."
1460 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:127
1461 msgid "B<setjmp>(3), B<sigsetjmp>(3)"
1465 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:26
1471 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:26
1477 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:29
1478 msgid "offsetof - offset of a structure member"
1482 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:32
1484 msgid "B<#include E<lt>stddef.hE<gt>>\n"
1488 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:34
1490 msgid "B<size_t offsetof(>I<type>B<, >I<member>B<);>\n"
1494 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:40
1496 "The macro B<offsetof>() returns the offset of the field I<member> from the "
1497 "start of the structure I<type>."
1501 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:47
1503 "This macro is useful because the sizes of the fields that compose a "
1504 "structure can vary across implementations, and compilers may insert "
1505 "different numbers of padding bytes between fields. Consequently, an "
1506 "element's offset is not necessarily given by the sum of the sizes of the "
1507 "previous elements."
1511 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:51
1513 "A compiler error will result if I<member> is not aligned to a byte boundary "
1514 "(i.e., it is a bit field)."
1518 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:58
1520 "B<offsetof>() returns the offset of the given I<member> within the given "
1521 "I<type>, in units of bytes."
1525 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:60
1526 msgid "C89, C99, POSIX.1-2001."
1530 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:64
1532 "On a Linux/i386 system, when compiled using the default B<gcc>(1) options, "
1533 "the program below produces the following output:"
1537 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:70
1541 "offsets: i=0; c=4; d=8 a=16\n"
1542 "sizeof(struct s)=16\n"
1546 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:77
1549 "#include E<lt>stddef.hE<gt>\n"
1550 "#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n"
1551 "#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n"
1555 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:87
1570 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:89
1572 msgid " /* Output is compiler dependent */\n"
1576 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:96
1579 " printf(\"offsets: i=%ld; c=%ld; d=%ld a=%ld\\en\",\n"
1580 " (long) offsetof(struct s, i),\n"
1581 " (long) offsetof(struct s, c),\n"
1582 " (long) offsetof(struct s, d),\n"
1583 " (long) offsetof(struct s, a));\n"
1584 " printf(\"sizeof(struct s)=%ld\\en\", (long) sizeof(struct s));\n"
1588 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:99
1591 " exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n"
1596 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:21
1598 msgid "INVOCATION_NAME"
1602 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:21
1608 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:25
1610 "program_invocation_name, program_invocation_short_name - obtain name used to "
1611 "invoke calling program"
1615 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:29
1618 "B<#define _GNU_SOURCE> /* See feature_test_macros(7) */\n"
1619 "B<#include E<lt>errno.hE<gt>>\n"
1623 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:32
1626 "B<extern char *>I<program_invocation_name>B<;>\n"
1627 "B<extern char *>I<program_invocation_short_name>B<;>\n"
1631 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:43
1633 "I<program_invocation_name> contains the name that was used to invoke the "
1634 "calling program. This is the same as the value of I<argv[0]> in I<main>(), "
1635 "with the difference that the scope of I<program_invocation_name> is global."
1639 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:50
1641 "I<program_invocation_short_name> contains the basename component of name "
1642 "that was used to invoke the calling program. That is, it is the same value "
1643 "as I<program_invocation_name>, with all text up to and including the final "
1644 "slash (/), if any, removed."
1648 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:53
1650 "These variables are automatically initialized by the glibc run-time startup "
1655 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:56
1657 "These variables are GNU extensions, and should not be used in programs "
1658 "intended to be portable."
1662 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:60
1664 "The Linux-specific I</proc/[number]/cmdline> file provides access to similar "
1669 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:62
1674 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:37
1680 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:37
1686 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:46
1688 "LIST_ENTRY, LIST_HEAD, LIST_INIT, LIST_INSERT_AFTER, LIST_INSERT_HEAD, "
1689 "LIST_REMOVE, TAILQ_ENTRY, TAILQ_HEAD, TAILQ_INIT, TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER, "
1690 "TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD, TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL, TAILQ_REMOVE, CIRCLEQ_ENTRY, "
1691 "CIRCLEQ_HEAD, CIRCLEQ_INIT, CIRCLEQ_INSERT_AFTER, CIRCLEQ_INSERT_BEFORE, "
1692 "CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD, CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL, CIRCLEQ_REMOVE - implementations "
1693 "of lists, tail queues, and circular queues"
1697 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:49
1699 msgid "B<#include E<lt>sys/queue.hE<gt>>\n"
1703 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:58
1706 "B<LIST_ENTRY(>I<TYPE>B<);>\n"
1707 "B<LIST_HEAD(>I<HEADNAME>B<, >I<TYPE>B<);>\n"
1708 "B<LIST_INIT(LIST_HEAD *>I<head>B<);>\n"
1709 "B<LIST_INSERT_AFTER(LIST_ENTRY *>I<listelm>B<, >\n"
1710 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, LIST_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1711 "B<LIST_INSERT_HEAD(LIST_HEAD *>I<head>B<, >\n"
1712 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, LIST_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1713 "B<LIST_REMOVE(TYPE *>I<elm>B<, LIST_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1717 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:69
1720 "B<TAILQ_ENTRY(>I<TYPE>B<);>\n"
1721 "B<TAILQ_HEAD(>I<HEADNAME>B<, >I<TYPE>B<);>\n"
1722 "B<TAILQ_INIT(TAILQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<);>\n"
1723 "B<TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(TAILQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<, TYPE *>I<listelm>B<, >\n"
1724 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, TAILQ_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1725 "B<TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(TAILQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<, >\n"
1726 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, TAILQ_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1727 "B<TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(TAILQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<, >\n"
1728 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, TAILQ_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1729 "B<TAILQ_REMOVE(TAILQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<, TYPE *>I<elm>B<, TAILQ_ENTRY "
1734 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:83
1737 "B<CIRCLEQ_ENTRY(>I<TYPE>B<);>\n"
1738 "B<CIRCLEQ_HEAD(>I<HEADNAME>B<, >I<TYPE>B<);>\n"
1739 "B<CIRCLEQ_INIT(CIRCLEQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<);>\n"
1740 "B<CIRCLEQ_INSERT_AFTER(CIRCLEQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<, TYPE *>I<listelm>B<, >\n"
1741 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, CIRCLEQ_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1742 "B<CIRCLEQ_INSERT_BEFORE(CIRCLEQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<, TYPE *>I<listelm>B<, >\n"
1743 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, CIRCLEQ_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1744 "B<CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD(CIRCLEQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<, >\n"
1745 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, CIRCLEQ_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1746 "B<CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(CIRCLEQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<, >\n"
1747 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, CIRCLEQ_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1748 "B<CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(CIRCLEQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<, >\n"
1749 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, CIRCLEQ_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1753 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:88
1755 "These macros define and operate on three types of data structures: lists, "
1756 "tail queues, and circular queues. All three structures support the "
1757 "following functionality:"
1761 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:93
1762 msgid "Insertion of a new entry at the head of the list."
1766 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:95
1767 msgid "Insertion of a new entry after any element in the list."
1771 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:97
1772 msgid "Removal of any entry in the list."
1776 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:99
1777 msgid "Forward traversal through the list."
1781 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:104
1783 "Lists are the simplest of the three data structures and support only the "
1784 "above functionality."
1788 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:106
1789 msgid "Tail queues add the following functionality:"
1793 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:109 build/C/man3/queue.3:131
1794 msgid "Entries can be added at the end of a list."
1798 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:112 build/C/man3/queue.3:139
1803 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:115 build/C/man3/queue.3:142
1809 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:117 build/C/man3/queue.3:144
1810 msgid "All list insertions and removals must specify the head of the list."
1814 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:117 build/C/man3/queue.3:144
1820 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:119 build/C/man3/queue.3:146
1821 msgid "Each head entry requires two pointers rather than one."
1825 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:119 build/C/man3/queue.3:146
1831 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:122
1833 "Code size is about 15% greater and operations run about 20% slower than "
1838 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:126
1839 msgid "Circular queues add the following functionality:"
1843 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:133
1844 msgid "Entries can be added before another entry."
1848 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:135
1849 msgid "They may be traversed backward, from tail to head."
1853 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:148
1854 msgid "The termination condition for traversal is more complex."
1858 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:148
1864 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:151
1866 "Code size is about 40% greater and operations run about 45% slower than "
1871 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:174
1873 "In the macro definitions, I<TYPE> is the name of a user-defined structure, "
1874 "that must contain a field of type B<LIST_ENTRY>, B<TAILQ_ENTRY>, or "
1875 "B<CIRCLEQ_ENTRY>, named I<NAME>. The argument I<HEADNAME> is the name of a "
1876 "user-defined structure that must be declared using the macros B<LIST_HEAD>, "
1877 "B<TAILQ_HEAD>, or B<CIRCLEQ_HEAD>. See the examples below for further "
1878 "explanation of how these macros are used."
1882 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:174
1888 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:187
1890 "A list is headed by a structure defined by the B<LIST_HEAD> macro. This "
1891 "structure contains a single pointer to the first element on the list. The "
1892 "elements are doubly linked so that an arbitrary element can be removed "
1893 "without traversing the list. New elements can be added to the list after an "
1894 "existing element or at the head of the list. A B<LIST_HEAD> structure is "
1895 "declared as follows:"
1899 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:191
1901 msgid "LIST_HEAD(HEADNAME, TYPE) head;\n"
1905 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:200
1907 "where I<HEADNAME> is the name of the structure to be defined, and I<TYPE> is "
1908 "the type of the elements to be linked into the list. A pointer to the head "
1909 "of the list can later be declared as:"
1913 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:204 build/C/man3/queue.3:297 build/C/man3/queue.3:399
1915 msgid "struct HEADNAME *headp;\n"
1919 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:212 build/C/man3/queue.3:305 build/C/man3/queue.3:407
1920 msgid "(The names I<head> and I<headp> are user selectable.)"
1924 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:217
1926 "The macro B<LIST_ENTRY> declares a structure that connects the elements in "
1931 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:222
1932 msgid "The macro B<LIST_INIT> initializes the list referenced by I<head>."
1936 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:228
1938 "The macro B<LIST_INSERT_HEAD> inserts the new element I<elm> at the head of "
1943 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:235
1945 "The macro B<LIST_INSERT_AFTER> inserts the new element I<elm> after the "
1946 "element I<listelm>."
1950 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:241
1951 msgid "The macro B<LIST_REMOVE> removes the element I<elm> from the list."
1955 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:241
1957 msgid "List Example"
1961 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:250
1964 "LIST_HEAD(listhead, entry) head;\n"
1965 "struct listhead *headp; /* List head. */\n"
1968 " LIST_ENTRY(entry) entries; /* List. */\n"
1970 "} *n1, *n2, *np;\n"
1974 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:252
1976 msgid "LIST_INIT(&head); /* Initialize the list. */\n"
1980 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:255
1983 "n1 = malloc(sizeof(struct entry)); /* Insert at the head. */\n"
1984 "LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&head, n1, entries);\n"
1988 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:261
1991 "n2 = malloc(sizeof(struct entry)); /* Insert after. */\n"
1992 "LIST_INSERT_AFTER(n1, n2, entries);\n"
1993 " /* Forward traversal. */\n"
1994 "for (np = head.lh_first; np != NULL; np = np-E<gt>entries.le_next)\n"
1998 #. FIXME http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=1506
2000 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:265
2003 "while (head.lh_first != NULL) /* Delete. */\n"
2004 " LIST_REMOVE(head.lh_first, entries);\n"
2008 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:266
2014 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:280
2016 "A tail queue is headed by a structure defined by the B<TAILQ_HEAD> macro. "
2017 "This structure contains a pair of pointers, one to the first element in the "
2018 "tail queue and the other to the last element in the tail queue. The "
2019 "elements are doubly linked so that an arbitrary element can be removed "
2020 "without traversing the tail queue. New elements can be added to the tail "
2021 "queue after an existing element, at the head of the tail queue, or at the "
2022 "end of the tail queue. A B<TAILQ_HEAD> structure is declared as follows:"
2026 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:284
2028 msgid "TAILQ_HEAD(HEADNAME, TYPE) head;\n"
2032 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:293
2034 "where I<HEADNAME> is the name of the structure to be defined, and I<TYPE> is "
2035 "the type of the elements to be linked into the tail queue. A pointer to the "
2036 "head of the tail queue can later be declared as:"
2040 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:310
2042 "The macro B<TAILQ_ENTRY> declares a structure that connects the elements in "
2047 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:315
2048 msgid "The macro B<TAILQ_INIT> initializes the tail queue referenced by I<head>."
2052 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:321
2054 "The macro B<TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD> inserts the new element I<elm> at the head of "
2059 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:327
2061 "The macro B<TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL> inserts the new element I<elm> at the end of "
2066 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:334
2068 "The macro B<TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER> inserts the new element I<elm> after the "
2069 "element I<listelm>."
2073 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:340
2074 msgid "The macro B<TAILQ_REMOVE> removes the element I<elm> from the tail queue."
2078 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:340
2080 msgid "Tail Queue Example"
2084 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:349
2087 "TAILQ_HEAD(tailhead, entry) head;\n"
2088 "struct tailhead *headp; /* Tail queue head. */\n"
2091 " TAILQ_ENTRY(entry) entries; /* Tail queue. */\n"
2093 "} *n1, *n2, *np;\n"
2097 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:351
2099 msgid "TAILQ_INIT(&head); /* Initialize the queue. */\n"
2103 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:354
2106 "n1 = malloc(sizeof(struct entry)); /* Insert at the head. */\n"
2107 "TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&head, n1, entries);\n"
2111 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:357
2114 "n1 = malloc(sizeof(struct entry)); /* Insert at the tail. */\n"
2115 "TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&head, n1, entries);\n"
2119 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:366
2122 "n2 = malloc(sizeof(struct entry)); /* Insert after. */\n"
2123 "TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(&head, n1, n2, entries);\n"
2124 " /* Forward traversal. */\n"
2125 "for (np = head.tqh_first; np != NULL; np = np-E<gt>entries.tqe_next)\n"
2128 "while (head.tqh_first != NULL)\n"
2129 " TAILQ_REMOVE(&head, head.tqh_first, entries);\n"
2133 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:367
2135 msgid "Circular Queues"
2139 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:382
2141 "A circular queue is headed by a structure defined by the B<CIRCLEQ_HEAD> "
2142 "macro. This structure contains a pair of pointers, one to the first element "
2143 "in the circular queue and the other to the last element in the circular "
2144 "queue. The elements are doubly linked so that an arbitrary element can be "
2145 "removed without traversing the queue. New elements can be added to the "
2146 "queue after an existing element, before an existing element, at the head of "
2147 "the queue, or at the end of the queue. A B<CIRCLEQ_HEAD> structure is "
2148 "declared as follows:"
2152 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:386
2154 msgid "CIRCLEQ_HEAD(HEADNAME, TYPE) head;\n"
2158 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:395
2160 "where I<HEADNAME> is the name of the structure to be defined, and I<TYPE> is "
2161 "the type of the elements to be linked into the circular queue. A pointer to "
2162 "the head of the circular queue can later be declared as:"
2166 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:412
2168 "The macro B<CIRCLEQ_ENTRY> declares a structure that connects the elements "
2169 "in the circular queue."
2173 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:417
2175 "The macro B<CIRCLEQ_INIT> initializes the circular queue referenced by "
2180 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:423
2182 "The macro B<CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD> inserts the new element I<elm> at the head "
2183 "of the circular queue."
2187 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:429
2189 "The macro B<CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL> inserts the new element I<elm> at the end "
2190 "of the circular queue."
2194 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:436
2196 "The macro B<CIRCLEQ_INSERT_AFTER> inserts the new element I<elm> after the "
2197 "element I<listelm>."
2201 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:443
2203 "The macro B<CIRCLEQ_INSERT_BEFORE> inserts the new element I<elm> before the "
2204 "element I<listelm>."
2208 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:449
2210 "The macro B<CIRCLEQ_REMOVE> removes the element I<elm> from the circular "
2215 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:449
2217 msgid "Circular Queue Example"
2221 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:458
2224 "CIRCLEQ_HEAD(circleq, entry) head;\n"
2225 "struct circleq *headp; /* Circular queue head. */\n"
2228 " CIRCLEQ_ENTRY(entry) entries; /* Circular queue. */\n"
2230 "} *n1, *n2, *np;\n"
2234 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:460
2236 msgid "CIRCLEQ_INIT(&head); /* Initialize the circular queue. */\n"
2240 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:463
2243 "n1 = malloc(sizeof(struct entry)); /* Insert at the head. */\n"
2244 "CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD(&head, n1, entries);\n"
2248 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:466
2251 "n1 = malloc(sizeof(struct entry)); /* Insert at the tail. */\n"
2252 "CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&head, n1, entries);\n"
2256 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:469
2259 "n2 = malloc(sizeof(struct entry)); /* Insert after. */\n"
2260 "CIRCLEQ_INSERT_AFTER(&head, n1, n2, entries);\n"
2264 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:482
2267 "n2 = malloc(sizeof(struct entry)); /* Insert before. */\n"
2268 "CIRCLEQ_INSERT_BEFORE(&head, n1, n2, entries);\n"
2269 " /* Forward traversal. */\n"
2270 "for (np = head.cqh_first; np != (void *)&head;\n"
2271 " np = np-E<gt>entries.cqe_next)\n"
2273 " /* Reverse traversal. */\n"
2274 "for (np = head.cqh_last; np != (void *)&head; np = "
2275 "np-E<gt>entries.cqe_prev)\n"
2278 "while (head.cqh_first != (void *)&head)\n"
2279 " CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(&head, head.cqh_first, entries);\n"
2283 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:489
2285 "Not in POSIX.1-2001. Present on the BSDs. The queue functions first "
2286 "appeared in 4.4BSD."
2290 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:26
2296 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:26
2302 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:29
2303 msgid "realpath - return the canonicalized absolute pathname"
2307 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:33
2310 "B<#include E<lt>limits.hE<gt>>\n"
2311 "B<#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>>\n"
2315 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:35
2317 msgid "B<char *realpath(const char *>I<path>B<, char *>I<resolved_path>B<);>\n"
2321 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:43
2322 msgid "B<realpath>():"
2326 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:47
2328 "_BSD_SOURCE || _XOPEN_SOURCE\\ E<gt>=\\ 500 || _XOPEN_SOURCE\\ &&\\ "
2329 "_XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED"
2333 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:69
2335 "B<realpath>() expands all symbolic links and resolves references to I</./>, "
2336 "I</../> and extra \\(aq/\\(aq characters in the null-terminated string named "
2337 "by I<path> to produce a canonicalized absolute pathname. The resulting "
2338 "pathname is stored as a null-terminated string, up to a maximum of "
2339 "B<PATH_MAX> bytes, in the buffer pointed to by I<resolved_path>. The "
2340 "resulting path will have no symbolic link, I</./> or I</../> components."
2343 #. Even if we use resolved_path == NULL, then realpath() will still
2344 #. return ENAMETOOLONG if the resolved pathname would exceed PATH_MAX
2345 #. bytes -- MTK, Dec 04
2349 #. function first appeared in 4.4BSD, contributed by Jan-Simon Pendry.
2351 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:89
2353 "If I<resolved_path> is specified as NULL, then B<realpath>() uses "
2354 "B<malloc>(3) to allocate a buffer of up to B<PATH_MAX> bytes to hold the "
2355 "resolved pathname, and returns a pointer to this buffer. The caller should "
2356 "deallocate this buffer using B<free>(3)."
2360 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:94
2362 "If there is no error, B<realpath>() returns a pointer to the "
2367 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:101
2369 "Otherwise it returns a NULL pointer, and the contents of the array "
2370 "I<resolved_path> are undefined, and I<errno> is set to indicate the error."
2374 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:101
2380 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:102
2386 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:105
2387 msgid "Read or search permission was denied for a component of the path prefix."
2391 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:105
2396 #. (In libc5 this would just cause a segfault.)
2398 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:114
2400 "I<path> is NULL. (In glibc versions before 2.3, this error is also returned "
2401 "if I<resolved_path> is NULL.)"
2405 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:114
2411 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:117
2412 msgid "An I/O error occurred while reading from the file system."
2416 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:117
2422 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:120
2423 msgid "Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname."
2427 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:120
2429 msgid "B<ENAMETOOLONG>"
2433 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:127
2435 "A component of a pathname exceeded B<NAME_MAX> characters, or an entire "
2436 "pathname exceeded B<PATH_MAX> characters."
2440 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:127
2446 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:130
2447 msgid "The named file does not exist."
2451 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:130
2457 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:133
2458 msgid "A component of the path prefix is not a directory."
2462 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:135
2463 msgid "On Linux this function appeared in libc 4.5.21."
2467 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:137
2468 msgid "4.4BSD, POSIX.1-2001."
2472 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:142
2474 "POSIX.1-2001 says that the behavior if I<resolved_path> is NULL is "
2475 "implementation-defined. POSIX.1-2008 specifies the behavior described in "
2480 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:154
2482 "In 4.4BSD and Solaris the limit on the pathname length is B<MAXPATHLEN> "
2483 "(found in I<E<lt>sys/param.hE<gt>>). SUSv2 prescribes B<PATH_MAX> and "
2484 "B<NAME_MAX>, as found in I<E<lt>limits.hE<gt>> or provided by the "
2485 "B<pathconf>(3) function. A typical source fragment would be"
2489 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:164
2493 " path_max = PATH_MAX;\n"
2495 " path_max = pathconf(path, _PC_PATH_MAX);\n"
2496 " if (path_max E<lt>= 0)\n"
2497 " path_max = 4096;\n"
2502 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:168
2503 msgid "(But see the BUGS section.)"
2507 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:178
2509 "The 4.4BSD, Linux and SUSv2 versions always return an absolute pathname. "
2510 "Solaris may return a relative pathname when the I<path> argument is "
2511 "relative. The prototype of B<realpath>() is given in I<E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>> "
2512 "in libc4 and libc5, but in I<E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>> everywhere else."
2516 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:203
2518 "The POSIX.1-2001 standard version of this function is broken by design, "
2519 "since it is impossible to determine a suitable size for the output buffer, "
2520 "I<resolved_path>. According to POSIX.1-2001 a buffer of size B<PATH_MAX> "
2521 "suffices, but B<PATH_MAX> need not be a defined constant, and may have to be "
2522 "obtained using B<pathconf>(3). And asking B<pathconf>(3) does not really "
2523 "help, since, on the one hand POSIX warns that the result of B<pathconf>(3) "
2524 "may be huge and unsuitable for mallocing memory, and on the other hand "
2525 "B<pathconf>(3) may return -1 to signify that B<PATH_MAX> is not bounded. "
2526 "The I<resolved_path\\ ==\\ NULL> feature, not standardized in POSIX.1-2001, "
2527 "but standardized in POSIX.1-2008, allows this design problem to be avoided."
2531 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:209
2533 "The libc4 and libc5 implementation contains a buffer overflow (fixed in "
2534 "libc-5.4.13). Thus, set-user-ID programs like B<mount>(8) need a private "
2539 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:215
2541 "B<readlink>(2), B<canonicalize_file_name>(3), B<getcwd>(3), B<pathconf>(3), "
2546 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:26
2552 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:26
2558 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:29
2559 msgid "setjmp, sigsetjmp - save stack context for nonlocal goto"
2563 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:31
2564 msgid "B<#include E<lt>setjmp.hE<gt>>"
2568 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:34
2570 msgid "B<int setjmp(jmp_buf >I<env>B<);>\n"
2574 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:36
2576 msgid "B<int sigsetjmp(sigjmp_buf >I<env>B<, int >I<savesigs>B<);>\n"
2580 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:45
2581 msgid "B<setjmp>(): see NOTES."
2585 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:48
2587 "B<sigsetjmp>(): _POSIX_C_SOURCE\\ E<gt>=\\ 1 || _XOPEN_SOURCE || "
2592 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:62
2594 "B<setjmp>() and B<longjmp>(3) are useful for dealing with errors and "
2595 "interrupts encountered in a low-level subroutine of a program. B<setjmp>() "
2596 "saves the stack context/environment in I<env> for later use by "
2597 "B<longjmp>(3). The stack context will be invalidated if the function which "
2598 "called B<setjmp>() returns."
2602 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:71
2604 "B<sigsetjmp>() is similar to B<setjmp>(). If, and only if, I<savesigs> is "
2605 "nonzero, the process's current signal mask is saved in I<env> and will be "
2606 "restored if a B<siglongjmp>(3) is later performed with this I<env>."
2610 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:81
2612 "B<setjmp>() and B<sigsetjmp>() return 0 if returning directly, and nonzero "
2613 "when returning from B<longjmp>(3) or B<siglongjmp>(3) using the saved "
2618 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:86
2620 "C89, C99, and POSIX.1-2001 specify B<setjmp>(). POSIX.1-2001 specifies "
2625 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:105
2627 "POSIX does not specify whether B<setjmp>() will save the signal mask. In "
2628 "System V it will not. In 4.3BSD it will, and there is a function B<_setjmp> "
2629 "that will not. By default, Linux/glibc follows the System V behavior, but "
2630 "the BSD behavior is provided if the B<_BSD_SOURCE> feature test macro is "
2631 "defined and none of B<_POSIX_SOURCE>, B<_POSIX_C_SOURCE>, B<_XOPEN_SOURCE>, "
2632 "B<_XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED>, B<_GNU_SOURCE>, or B<_SVID_SOURCE> is defined."
2636 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:110
2638 "If you want to portably save and restore signal masks, use B<sigsetjmp>() "
2639 "and B<siglongjmp>(3)."
2643 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:117
2645 "B<setjmp>() and B<sigsetjmp>() make programs hard to understand and "
2646 "maintain. If possible an alternative should be used."
2650 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:120
2651 msgid "B<longjmp>(3), B<siglongjmp>(3)"
2655 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:9
2661 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:9
2667 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:12
2668 msgid "xencrypt, xdecrypt, passwd2des - RFS password encryption"
2672 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:14
2673 msgid "B<#include E<lt>rpc/des_crypt.hE<gt>>"
2677 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:16
2678 msgid "B<void passwd2des(char >I<*passwd>B<, char *>I<key>B<);>"
2682 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:18
2683 msgid "B<int xencrypt(char *>I<secret>B<, char *>I<passwd>B<);>"
2687 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:20
2688 msgid "B<int xdecrypt(char *>I<secret>B<, char *>I<passwd>B<);>"
2692 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:36
2694 "The function B<passwd2des>() takes a character string I<passwd> of "
2695 "arbitrary length and fills a character array I<key> of length 8. The array "
2696 "I<key> is suitable for use as DES key. It has odd parity set in bit 0 of "
2697 "each byte. Both other functions described here use this function to turn "
2698 "their argument I<passwd> into a DES key."
2701 #. (over the alphabet 0123456789abcdefABCDEF),
2702 #. (over the alphabet 0123456789abcdef)
2704 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:53
2706 "The B<xencrypt>() function takes the ASCII character string I<secret> given "
2707 "in hex, which must have a length that is a multiple of 16, encrypts it using "
2708 "the DES key derived from I<passwd> by B<passwd2des>(), and outputs the "
2709 "result again in I<secret> as a hex string of the same length."
2713 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:57
2714 msgid "The B<xdecrypt>() function performs the converse operation."
2718 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:63
2720 "The functions B<xencrypt>() and B<xdecrypt>() return 1 on success and 0 on "
2725 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:66
2727 "These routines are present in libc 4.6.27 and later, and in glibc 2.1 and "
2732 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:68
2733 msgid "The prototypes are missing from the abovementioned include file."
2737 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:70
2738 msgid "B<cbc_crypt>(3)"